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National Inventories of Methane and Nitrous Oxide Emissions from Agriculture in the Netherlands

National Inventories of Methane and Nitrous Oxide Emissions from Agriculture in the Netherlands Carolien Kroeze, André van Amstel Environmental Systems Analysis Group, Wageningen University, The Netherlands In cooperation with Mathieu Dumont, Dick Both (Novem) and Martha van Eerdt (RIVM).

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National Inventories of Methane and Nitrous Oxide Emissions from Agriculture in the Netherlands

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  1. National Inventories of Methane and Nitrous Oxide Emissions from Agriculture in the Netherlands • Carolien Kroeze, André van Amstel • Environmental Systems Analysis Group, Wageningen University, The Netherlands • In cooperation with Mathieu Dumont, Dick Both (Novem) and Martha van Eerdt (RIVM)

  2. Outline • Agriculture as a source of methane and nitrous oxide in the Netherlands • Stepwise improvement of national greenhouse gas inventories in the Netherlands • Protocols to document and improve the emission inventory preparation

  3. Relative importance of CH4 and N2O in 1995 emissions Source: RIVM (worldwide) and Third National Communication (the Netherlands)

  4. CH4 emissions in the Netherlands Source: Third National Communication

  5. N2O emissions in the Netherlands Source: Third National Communication

  6. Six key sources of CH4 and N2O from agriculture • Methane from enteric fermentation in cattle • Methane from fermentation in swine • Methane from manure from cattle • Methane from manure from swine • Direct nitrous oxide emissions from agriculture • Indirect nitrous oxide emissions from nitrogen use in agriculture

  7. Improvement of National Inventories • Program to built National System + improve GHG monitoring • under responsibility of Ministry of Environment (VROM). • interdepartmental steering committee (WEB) • practical programcoordination by Novem • various organisations involved (CBS, ECN, RIVM, WUR, consultants, etc.) • Elements of the program • Elaboration of protocols for GHG monitoring • QA/QC plan and QA/QC system implementation • Monitoring improvement programme

  8. Improvement of National Inventories • Stepwise approach • Step 1 (near future): New protocols for six key sources of emissions to document and improve the national inventory process • Step 2 (2003-2004): Further improvement of consistency with IPCC Guidelines and IPCC Good Practice Guidance • Step 3 (from 2004, under consideration): Improvements in emission estimates and in monitoring of emission reduction measures • After this (not yet planned): Improvements beyond the obligations in the IPCC Good Practice Guidance

  9. Protocols for key sources • To document the emission inventory preparation process • To describe the method used for estimating greenhouse gas emissions • Available as final drafts (in Dutch)

  10. Protocol: CH4 from enteric fermentation • Emissions are estimated based on average live-weight, dry matter intake, feeding level and methane yield for different age classes within the dairy and beef cattle • Emission estimates are the same as in IPCC Guidelines, except for dairy cattle and other cattle, which are slightly lower than IPCC default values

  11. Protocol: CH4 from manure management • Emissions are estimated from manure type, the volatile solids fraction, the maximum potential methane emission per kilo volatile solids, and a methane conversion factor • Method is in line with IPCC Tier 1 approach • fixed country specific emission factor per unit excretion • country specific yearly excretion amounts per animal for each different animal class • IPCC Tier 2 approach cannot be applied because of missing information on manure management and storage

  12. N2O: difference between National Inventory Report (NIR) and IPCC default

  13. Protocol: Direct N4O emissions from soils • Cultivated organic soils: IPCC default method • N inputs to soils • Synthetic fertilisers: Country specific (mineral and organic soils) • Animal manure Country specific (mineral and organic soils, surface spreading and injection) • N-fixing crops IPCC default • Crop residues IPCC default • Grazing animals Country specific (urine and faeces)

  14. Protocol: Indirect N4O emissions • Induced by atmospheric deposition of agricultural NH3 and NOx: IPCC default method • Induced by leaching and runoff • IPCC default

  15. Medium term improvements (coming years) • Improvements as new experimental data come available (projects started in the non-CO2 reduction program), e.g. • methane emissions from enteric fermentation (Tier 2 approach) • Improvement in the method for monitoring of emission reduction, e.g. • indirect N2O emissions

  16. Long term improvements (not yet planned) • Assessment of uncertainties • Process-based modeling • biogenic N2O emissions • Interrelations with policies for other air pollution problems (LRTAP convention), e.g. NH3 • Long term measurements at a representative number of sites needed

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