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Abstract Expressionism 1946 -1960s

Abstract Expressionism 1946 -1960s. Abstract Expressionism 1946 -1960s. Abstract Expressionism 1946 -1960s. When and How Did It Start?. Years right after World War II Small group of painters New York City Previous surrealism art movement. What are the Movement’s Roots?.

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Abstract Expressionism 1946 -1960s

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  1. Abstract Expressionism 1946 -1960s Abstract Expressionism 1946 -1960s Abstract Expressionism 1946 -1960s

  2. When and How Did It Start? • Years right after World War II • Small group of painters • New York City • Previous surrealism art movement

  3. What are the Movement’s Roots? • New York City – mainly – but other American cites such as San Francisco and California • The origin of the actual concept of Abstract Art are usually said to have come from the work of Kandinsky in Russia.

  4. What Is Abstract Expressionism? • Abstract Expressionism is a form of art in which the artist expresses him or herself purely through the use of form (shape) and colour. • It is non-representational or non-objective art, which means that there are no concrete objects represented. • The invention and development of abstraction, that is, art that does not imitate the appearance of things, is among the twentieth century’s most important contributions to the history of art. • Abstract expressionism has never ended it has just changed through technological advances and medium development. • Some Abstract expressionists in contemporary times add plastic polymers to their paints which creates texture which does not deteriorate over time, unlike Jackson Pollock’s classic ‘Blue Poles.’

  5. What Caused it to Start? There are different opinions on how it began; • Russian Artist Wassily Kandinsky • People stopped tolerating the social realism after the war and instead switched to Abstraction Harmonie Tranguille (Quiet Harmony) by Wassily Kandinsky. The original masterpiece oil painting was painted in 1924.

  6. KandinskyThe forefather Winter landscape with Church Kandinsky was an expressionist artist from the Der Blaue Reiter era. Kandinsky’s works were humanitarian, spiritual and non-political.

  7. Abstract Expressionism can be divided Into 2 main facets Action or Gestural Paints and Colour Field The return of Thornton Willis reflects the enduring legacy of abstract painting.

  8. Action orGestural Painting Artists Techniques and Media Use; The artists typically applied paint rapidly and with force to their huge canvases in an effort to show feelings and emotions, they painted gesturally, non-geometrically, sometimes applying paint with large brushes and sometimes dripping or even throwing paint onto canvas.

  9. Action orGestural Painting Jackson Pollock (1912-1956) Willem de Kooning (1904-1997) Hans Hofmann (1880-1966) Franz Kline (1910-1962) Mark Tobey (1890-1976) Philip Guston (1913-1980) Adolph Gottlieb (1903-1974)

  10. Critical Appraisal Artist 1 –Jackson Pollock’s Blue Poles • The principals of design of this piece are neither planned or organized. • Random gesture and movement to make a completely un-constructed art piece. • Use of dripping of paint creates broad textual lines of many intersecting colours. • Randomness is the intention, when we critically analysis this paint we can see the strong vertical formations • Vertical lines dominate the piece and are positioned in a balanced manner with symmetry. • Harmonious to look at and rhythm occurs with the movement of elements that flow across the canvas. • No form, however, even with his randomness he has created tree-like shapes giving the suggestion of a forest. • This is a significant painting

  11. Jackson Pollock (1912-1956) The media referred to Jackson Pollock as “Jack the Dripper

  12. Jackson Pollock, Birth, c. 1941 Oil on canvas, 116.4 x 55.1 cm

  13. Jackson Pollock, Night Mist, 1945 Oil on canvas

  14. Jackson Pollock, Painting (Silver over Black, White and Red), 1948 Painting on paper mounted on canvas, 61 x 80 cm

  15. Jackson Pollock, The Deep, 1953 Paint on canvas, 220.4 x 150.2 cm

  16. Willem de Kooning (1904-1997)

  17. Willem de Kooning, Light in August, 1946 Oil & enamel on canvas, 139.8 x 105.5 cm

  18. Willem de Kooning, Seated Woman, 1952 Pastel, pencil, and oil on two hinged sheets, 30.8 x 24.2 cm

  19. Willem de Kooning, Woman V, 1952-53 oil and charcoal on canvas, 154.5 x 114.5 cm, NGA

  20. Willem de Kooning, The Visit, 1966-1967 Oil on canvas, 152.4 x 121.9 cm

  21. Hans Hofmann (1880-1966)

  22. Hans Hofmann, Pompeii, 1959 Oil on canvas, 214.0 x 132.7 cm

  23. Hans Hofmann, The Gate, 1959–60 Oil on canvas, 190.5 x 123.2 cm

  24. Hans Hofmann, To Miz-Pax Vobiscum, 1964Oil on canvas, 196.5 x 212.4 cm

  25. Franz Kline (1910-1962)

  26. Franz Kline, New York, N.Y., 1953Oil on canvas, 200.6 x 129.5 cm

  27. Franz Kline, Painting Number 2, 1954Oil on canvas, 204.3 x 271.6 cm

  28. Franz Kline, Untitled, 1957Oil on canvas, 200 x 158.5 cm

  29. Franz Kline, C & O, 1958Oil on canvas, 195.6 x 279.4 cm

  30. Mark Tobey (1890-1976)

  31. Mark Tobey, Cloud, 1954 Tempera on paper, 21 x 20 cm

  32. Mark Tobey, Untitled, 1958Tempera on paper, 20.96 cm x 11.43 cm

  33. Mark Tobey, Lake, 1959 Gouache on paper, 24.7 x 31.7 cm

  34. Mark Tobey, Advance of History, 1964 Gouache and watercolour on paper, 65.2 x 50.1 cm

  35. Philip Guston (1913-1980)

  36. The Bauhaus, Tea set, 1930 Philip Guston To B.W.T.,1952 Oil on canvas,123.2 x 130.8 cm

  37. Philip Guston, Zone, 1953-54 Oil on canvas 116.8 x 121.9 cm

  38. Philip Guston, The Return, 1956-8 Oil on canvas, 178.1 x 199.1 cm

  39. Adolph Gottlieb

  40. Adolph Gottlieb, Apaquogue, 1961oil on canvas, 183.5 x 229.2 cm

  41. Adolph Gottlieb, Centrifugal, 1961Gouache on paperboard, 38 x 25.4 cm

  42. Cy Twombly (1928- )

  43. Cy Twombly, The Italians, 1961 Oil, pencil and crayon on canvas,199.5 x 259.6 cm)

  44. Cy Twombly, Untitled, 1967 Oil and crayon on canvas, 147.3 x 177.8 cm

  45. Cy Twombly, Untitled (Bolsena), 1969oil-based house paint, wax crayon, and graphite on canvas, 203.2 x 244.2 cm

  46. Colour Field Painting Characterised by large areas of a more or less flat single colour. It differed from Abstract Expressionism in that these artists eliminated both the emotional, mythic or religious content of the earlier movement, and the highly personal and painterly or gestural application associated with it.

  47. Colour Field Painting Clyfford Still (1904-1980) Mark Rothko(1903-1970) Barnett Newman (1905-1970) Ad Reinhardt (1913-1967) Helen Frankenthaler (1928-) Jules Olitski (1922-)

  48. Critical Appraisal Artist 2 – Clyfford Still’s Untitled • Concerned mostly with colour. • Uninterested in form and content • The size of the art work is extremely significant as the enormous blocks of colour have an effect on the viewer. • Some art critics describe the effect of these paintings as creating a vibration which stimulates emotion. • No line or recognizable forms are intended by the artist. • Although composition does not follow traditional arrangements the breaks in colour – as we can see in this piece – are still harmonious to the eye and have a sense of rhythm. 1956 Oil on canvas, 92.1 x 266.1 cm

  49. Clyfford Still (1904-1980) 1951-N, 1951oil on canvas, 234.5 x 175.6 cm Untitled, 1956Oil on canvas, 92.1 x 266.1 cm

  50. Mark Rothko(1903-1970)

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