1 / 40

Renaissance

Renaissance. SOL WHII.2. Late Medieval Period. 1300’s—AKA The Dark Ages Marked with: Famine, Disease, War and Death…many Europeans believed that the end was coming Reflected in art. Art during the Dark Ages. Dark Ages. Famine—widespread crop failures leads to starvation

cahil
Télécharger la présentation

Renaissance

An Image/Link below is provided (as is) to download presentation Download Policy: Content on the Website is provided to you AS IS for your information and personal use and may not be sold / licensed / shared on other websites without getting consent from its author. Content is provided to you AS IS for your information and personal use only. Download presentation by click this link. While downloading, if for some reason you are not able to download a presentation, the publisher may have deleted the file from their server. During download, if you can't get a presentation, the file might be deleted by the publisher.

E N D

Presentation Transcript


  1. Renaissance SOL WHII.2

  2. Late Medieval Period • 1300’s—AKA The Dark Ages • Marked with: • Famine, Disease, War and Death…many Europeans believed that the end was coming • Reflected in art

  3. Art during the Dark Ages

  4. Dark Ages • Famine—widespread crop failures leads to starvation • The plague—leads to death • 100 Years War—leads to death!

  5. The Plague • 1347-rat infested trading ships from the Black Sea to Sicily • By 1348—it reached Spain and France • Bubonic Plague—spread by fleas on rats (bites • Pneumonic Plague—airborne—lungs-cough

  6. The Plague: Signs of Sickness • Red dots, swelling—black bruises, heavy sweats, coughing, horrible odor, internal bleeding • Life expectancy—3-4 days • 1 out of 3 people died • 25-33% of Europe's Population • Ring Around the Rosies

  7. Plague led to hysteria!!! • People turned to magic/witchcraft • Pleasure seeking—enjoy life before you die • Some felt it was a punishment from God—they beat themselves for repentance • Blamed the Jews--persecution

  8. The Black Death Caused: • Economics were nearly ruined—loss of population resulted in a decrease in the number of craftsmen • Decrease in TRADE!!!! • Decrease in number of workers so serfs left Manor and farmland was abandoned • Increase in prices • Church declined

  9. Church • Lacked strong leadership • Church was not able to offer peace of mind during the plague • Critics of Church corruption • People begin to doubt the church

  10. War • 1337-1453-England and France fought a series of conflicts—Hundred Year’s War • Both have been fighting over control of French lands • When Edward III (England) claimed the French throne—war erupted

  11. The English King, Edward III, is the grandson of the last Capetian King on his mother’s side. • The French do not want the throne to go to the English King, so they crown Philip VI, a nephew to the deceased king and cousin of Edward III

  12. The wool industry: Flanders was at this time the center of the European wool industry. England’s main source of revenue was the selling of wool to Flemish wool merchants. • France was gradually gaining control of Flanders and shutting out the English. • Edward III made a great deal of his income from profits on wool. • So in 1337 Edward III, threatened by having a large amount of his property and income taken away, declares war on Philip VI.

  13. Joan of Arc • 17 year old peasant convinced the king to let her lead the French troops against England—lead several victories • Was captured by English—tried for witchcraft and burned at the stake • England was forced off of French lands—with cannons

  14. Renaissance • Italian for rebirth (classical learning) • Intellectual and artistic revival • Focused on themes of Ancient Greece and Rome • Started in 1300’s—height in 1500s • Started in Italy then spread throughout Europe

  15. Why did it start in Italy? • First to recover from the Dark Ages • Trade revived in Italy first • Wealthy merchant class (Medici—Lorenzo “the Magnificent”) • They were big patrons of the arts (supporters of the arts)

  16. Renaissance Cities • Florence, Venice, Genoa, Milan (North)—cultural centers of trade • Rome—central • Naples--southern

  17. Renaissance Literature • Writers focused on humanist ideals • Humanism: mode of thought or action in whichhuman interests, values, and dignity predominate • Emphasized religious and moral reform • Wrote in vernacular

  18. Literature continued… • Machiavelli—The Prince—guide to gain/maintain power; the end justifies the means—use whatever is necessary to achieve their goals • Francisco Petrarch—started a library of classical manuscripts; wrote Sonnets to Laura

  19. Literature continued… • Cervantes—Don Quixote—mocked Romantic notions of chivalry • Shakespeare—Renown playwright— • Comedies—A Midsummer Night’s Dream • History—Richard III • Tragedies—Romeo & Juliet and Macbeth

  20. Literature • Castiglione– wrote a “how to” book explaining how to become Renaissance people—The Book of the Courtier

  21. Reasons for the success of Renaissance Literature • Development of printing • 1300’s = papermaking • 1400’s = movable type • 1456 = Johann Gutenburg (German)-printed a Bible with movable type • Books = cheaper, easier to produce, more available

  22. Renaissance Art • Still used religious images/figures (icons) • Revived classical form • Focused on realism • Used perspective—technique that gives art three dimensions

  23. Leonardo da Vinci • Mona Lisa • Last Supper • Dissected corpses to study bones and muscles • Sketches of flying machines and undersea boats

  24. Mona Lisa Vitruvian Man Last Supper

  25. Michelangelo • David—statue of the shepherd that killed Goliath • Designed the dome for St. Peter’s in Rome

  26. Ceiling of Sistine Chapel Creation of Man David

  27. Raphael • School of Athens—gathering of thinkers (Plato, Aristotle, …) • Madonna—mother of Christ portrayals

  28. School of Athens An example of a Madonna by Raphael

  29. Northern Renaissance • 1450’s—region of Flanders (today—N. France, Belgium and Netherlands)

  30. Northern Artists • Albrecht Durer—German; studied in Italy; returned home—helped to spread the Italian Renaissance to his homeland (nickname—German Leonardo) • Jan and Hubert van Eyck—oil painters; paintings

  31. Durer—A Young Hare Durer--Eve

  32. Jan van Eyck—The Betrothal of the Arnolfini Jan van Eyck—Portrait of a Man in a Turban

  33. Northern Artists continued… • Pieter Bruegel—scenes of peasant life

  34. Pieter Bruegel—The Harvesters Pieter Bruegel—Netherlandish Proverbs

  35. Scholars • In addition to classical learning—they emphasized religious and moral reform • Desiderius Erasmus—(Dutch) challenged corruption in the church; In Praise of Folly—used humor to highlight immoral behavior of the clergy—called for a vernacular translation of the Bible

  36. Scholars • Sir Thomas More—(English) Utopia—wanted social/economic reform; ideal society—where people live in peace

More Related