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John Calvin and Calvinism

John Calvin and Calvinism. His life. His major work His book: Institutes of the Christian Religion Devoted himself to the work of reformation in Geneva. The Presbyterian government Influence mainly in England, Scotland and the Netherlands. His major ideas and their influences

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John Calvin and Calvinism

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  1. John Calvinand Calvinism

  2. His life. • His major work • His book: Institutes of the Christian Religion • Devoted himself to the work of reformation in Geneva. • The Presbyterian government • Influence mainly in England, Scotland and the Netherlands.

  3. His major ideas and their influences • Stressed the absolute authority of the God’s will, holding that only those elected by God are saved. • Any form of sinfulness was a likely sign of damnation whereas ceaseless work could be a sign of salvation. • That thrift, industry, and hard work are forms of moral virtue and that business success is an evidence of God's grace.

  4. Significance • Serves so well to help the rising bourgeoisie on its path. • One of the main courses of the capitalist spirit.

  5. ReformationinEngland

  6. Counter-Reformation

  7. The impact of Reformation • The response of the Roman Catholic Church: • To examine the Church institutions and introduce reforms and improvements, to bring back its vitality. • Counter-reformation refers to the recovery of power of the Roman Catholic Church. • The Spanish monarchy established the Inquisition to carry out cruel suppression of heresy and unorthodoxy.

  8. The establishment of Council(塔兰托议会） of Trent and its purpose. • The church had the sole right to interpret the Bible. • The Latin Vulgate of Jerome was the definitive translation of the text. • Catholicism was a religion of infallible authority.

  9. Ignatius and Jesuits Ignatius: Bishop of Antioch noted especially for his epistles. He was martyred during the reign of the Roman emperor Trajan. 圣伊纳哥安提拉城主教，以其所著的启示书出名。在罗马皇帝图拉真统治时期殉教 Jesuits:耶稣会士

  10. Protestantism and The Rise of Capitalism

  11. Reformation movement broke the absolute authority of the Roman Catholic Church. (from Nationhood to Capitalist development) • The ecclesiastical control over culture, education and scholastic studies could not go on the way they used to. • Calvinism helped to accelerate production, trade and commerce. • Navigation and the discoveries of new lands helped to accelerate the foreign trade, export and import of raw materials and industrial products.

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