Bowling

1. Bowling By Emmanuel Juarez

2. Table of Contents • Slide 1: Title • Slide 2: Table of Contents • Slide 3: Health and Fitness Benefits • Slide 4: Safety Precautions • Slide 5: Equipment and Warm-ups • Slide 6: Role Sportsmanship • Slide 7: Training Principles • Slide 8: Effects of Substance Abuse • Slide 9: History • Slide 10: Top Athletes/Competitors • Slide 11- 17:Rules • Slide 18: Court Dimensions • Slide 19: End of Presentation

3. Health and Fitness Benefits • Fat burningAs your muscles flex, turn, and twist in every swinging motion that you make while playing bowling, these moves can actually promote the burning of some accumulated body fat. Promotes good muscle exercisesMerely walking along the lane, while attempting to make a strike or a spare, is enough to exercise the muscles in your legs. It resembles that of the “walking exercise” that most health buffs do; the only difference is that there is more weight involved. This is because in bowling, your hands are holding the bowling ball.Consequently, as you swing around to hit the pins, the flexing and stretching provides adequate exercise for your tendons, joints, ligaments, and muscles in the arms.Bowling requires good flexibility and a good range of motion. Bowling helps burn calories and is classified as a light sport, but it can be more strenuous depending on the weight of the ball and your approach. If you participate in the dance and bowl you can burn serious calories! Bowling helps you stay in shape by participating in the sport and remaining active. When you are bowling your heart rate is up and you are exercising many muscles in the body. Anything to stay active requiring you to be up and moving is a positive step in the fitness arena. Though bowling is not seen as a heavy or terribly strenuous sport you should be aware that with the motion and repetition you could fall prey to muscle strain if you do not properly prepare before playing your game.Builds friendshipsOne of the health benefits that can be derived in bowling is based on the kind of relationship that is being built with your friends or family. As some psychologists contend, building social relationships can actually promote better performance of the heart muscles. Emotional stress can shorten the lifespan of an average person.Indeed, there can be no better or enjoyable way to live a healthy life than bowling can. • Gotten from web site: http://tipstostayfit.blogspot.com/2007/10/3-health-benefits-of-bowling.html

4. Safety Precautions • While bowling might not be a contact sport, carrying the heavy ball down a slippery surface does increase your risk for injury. Knowing the proper etiquette at a bowling alley and taking safety precautions can help you to avoid falls, slips and strains. If you have concerns about the safety of your lane, notify a bowling alley representative. • Pick Up a Ball with Both Hands • Pick up a ball with two hands and refrain from using the finger holes until after you have lifted the ball. Grabbing your bowling ball using just your fingers places extra strain on your wrist and fingers. If your bowling ball is very heavy, it places extreme pressure on you and increases your risk for hand injury. • Use Bowling Shoes • Always wear bowling shoes, either ones rented from your bowling alley or ones you purchase. Bowling shoes feature a nonslip surface that protects the varnish on the bowling floor and prevents you from falling. Wearing your outside shoes could cause the shoe to stick as you lean forward to release your bowling ball, causing you to tip forward and fall. • Do Not Step Into the Lane • The bowling lane is marked with a horizontal line known as the foul line, before which you should stop and release your ball. Beyond the line, the lane is oiled to allow the ball to roll more easily. Avoid stepping over the foul line because the oil increases your risk of slipping and falling. For the same reason, do not chase a ball if it goes only to the middle of the lane. Instead, notify a bowling alley representative to remove the ball from the lane. • Wait For Ball Returns • Mechanized ball returns feature many moving parts to bring the ball back to your lane. Although you might be eager for your ball to come back, never reach into the ball return: The ball return can catch both adult and child-sized arms, resulting in injury. Also avoid resting your hand on the ball return rack. A ball can come up without you noticing and injure your hand. • Bowling with Children • While bowling is a fun activity for children, it can be dangerous to them and bowlers near you. Teach your children to approach carefully when you bowl and do not let them come into the lane behind you, since they can be hit by a swung ball. Also, allow only one child to bowl at a time. Because a child cannot control the ball as accurately, the ball can roll backward or drop accidentally. • Gotten from web site: http://www.livestrong.com/article/350962-safety-tips-in-bowling/

5. Equipment and Warm-ups • Bowling Equipment • Bowling Ball • Bowling Shoes (To prevent slipping) • Warm-up • Warm up for 10 to 15 minutes before you begin to bowl. Do knee bends since most of the strength from bowling is in the legs. • Stretch your hamstrings. This will keep your legs from getting tight and prevent lower back strain. • Rotate your shoulders forward and backward in a slow and deliberate motion. This decreases the chance of a rotator cuff injury. • Practice proper form. Developing and continuously using “bad technique” increases the chance of injury. • Create a general conditioning routine that emphasizes forearm and wrist strength. • Gotten from http://www.ehow.com/how_2285190_prevent-common-bowling-injuries.html

6. Role Sportsmanship • One of the most crucial points of bowling etiquette is the turns the players take to bowl. Generally, if there are two players in the neighboring lanes that are ready to bowl at the same time, then the player in the right lane should bowl first. • When a player is lined up in their stance and ready to bowl, then that player must bowl and should avoid midway withdrawal once they are set to roll the ball. • Bowlers should bowl as efficiently as possible, and not delay leaving the lane once they have finished their roll. They should take the least amount of time to get into their stance, approach and delivery, but do not have to rush into their bowl. • If bowlers take their turns in a timely manner, then the game will progress quickly, and other bowlers can avoid the waiting of long periods of time between turns. Players may also find that sitting in sequence of their turns will also make the game go more smoothly. • Remaining behind fellow bowlers while they are taking their turn to bowl is also a common rule of etiquette in bowling. Bowlers should also be stick to the specific lane assigned to them; it is not appropriate manners to bowl in other player's lanes. • Whether in competition or casual play, the foul line rule should always be followed. Players should strive to play fair regardless of the conditions they play under. • Good sportsmanship in bowling should be expected just as in every other sport. Showing good sportsmanship in bowling involves taking your proper turn (and respecting team members' turn too), using your own ball throughout the game, and keeping score in a fair way. • Unsporting behavior such as belittling opponents after a won bowling game is poor sportsmanship and should be avoided. This applies to all sports, as nobody likes a poor loser or winner. • It is best to use one's own equipment such as balls and towels in bowling. Should the need arise to share gear, be sure to ask for proper permission from the appropriate owners. • Other good bowling etiquette includes staying in the approach area and stepping back from that area after the delivery is made. It is appropriate for players to remain seated until it is their turn to bowl, and to wait for the pin-setter to complete its cycle before rolling the next ball. • Controlling one's emotions during the game is also an unspoken rule of etiquette in bowling. It is not proper for a bowler to lose their temper, or swear in any case. Fighting is strictly forbidden during a bowling match, and any confrontational bowlers should be removed and ejected from the game. • Non-bowling items such as refreshments and any other paraphernalia should be left out of the pit area. If you have your own bowling balls, do not put more than two personal balls on the rack at a time. • Bowlers should never play in street shoes. The reason for this is because the shoes made for the bowlers are specialized to fit for the surface of the lanes unlike street shoes, which tend to stick to the surface of the floor hence making the playing of the game more difficult. • Therefore, every bowler should either purchase their own bowling shoes or rent them at the bowling alley. • The rules of etiquette for bowling are simple enough for all to understand, and all players should make an attempt to follow them while bowling. Proper etiquette is key component in the game of bowling and if followed can help players enjoy a smoother and fairer game. • Gotten from http://www.improvebowling.com/bowling_etiquette_rules.html

7. Training Priciples • What areas to train? • The following factors are some of the important physiological and physical attributes of a successful bowler: exceptional hand/eye co-ordination and balance, good flexibility, strength and aerobic fitness and low body fat. • A good musculoskeletal system maximizes bowling power and control, and minimizes injury risk. A good level of endurance keep you healthy, reduces fatigue and aids recovery. Your training should reflect these demands of bowling and aim to improve the areas which will have an impact on your game. • Bowlers have a high injury rate in the shoulders, knees, hips, elbows and wrists. You can reduce your injury potential by paying close attention to these areas in your conditioning program. • A fit bowler is one with adequate levels of these main physical components of fitness for bowlers. • Strength: body strength is required for carrying the ball (and the heavier the ball you can use is often better for performance), and strength is required to hold body positions to correctly execute the skill of bowling. Resistance exercises can help develop your strength. You should focus on upper and lower body strength, as well as core body strength. See more about strength training for bowlers. • Power :upper body power is important in the bowling delivery. Improvements in strength gained through resistance exercises, in combination with power exercises such as medicine ball throwing can develop your power. • Cardiovascular Endurance: Although aerobic endurance plays only a minor role in bowling performance, it plays a major role in your health. A level of endurance fitness is necessary for you to reduce fatigue during games, and if you are in tournament play you will need to keep fresh and recover well after several days of bowling. The recommended training level for improving cardiovascular endurance is at least three sessions per week of at least 30 minutes each. You can improve your endurance with regular exercises of moderate intensity over 20-60 minutes, such as cycling and jogging. You can keep track of your improvements in aerobic fitness using this simple fitness test. There are a range of other aerobic fitness tests available too. • Flexibility: Being flexible enables you to perform the actions of bowling fully, and those who are more flexible will have a much lower risk of muscle strains and sprains. You should perform regular stretching exercises as part of your warm up and at other times to improve you flexibility.

8. Effects of Substance Abuse on Personal Health and Performance • It’s important that you eat healthy before playing sport and even if you are not playing any sports. • The consumption of alcohol and drugs will impair you to play this sport, and could cause injuries, and even death.

9. History The history of bowling can be tracked back seven thousand years. The ancient Egyptians enjoyed a version of the game, as indicated by bowling balls and pins found buries in an Egyptian child’s grave. By the 1840s, bowling has become popular in America. The first indoor bowling lanes were built in New York. Abraham Lincoln was among the many famous Americans who enjoyed bowing. The American Bowling Conference (ABC) was founded for men in 1895. A women’s organization, the Women’s International Bowling Association (WIBA), was founded in 1916. The two organizations now work together to develop and enforce the rules of the game. The combines membership of the ABC and Women’s International Bowling Congress (WIBC) was approximately ten million people in 1992. That’s almost 4% of the entire population of America, and it doesn’t even count all those everyday bowlers who don’t belong to a conference, but who bowl occasionally just for the fun of it.

10. Top Athletes and Competitors

11. Rules HOW BOWLING IS DONE The Bowling Alley • Bowling is done in a bowling “alley”, or “lane”, as it is sometimes called, which is 62 feet 10 inches long and about 41 inches wide. The area where the bowler stands is called the “approach area”, and is 15 feet in length. • The foul line separates the approach area from the alley. Nine-inch-wide gutters run along both sides of the alley. At the other end of the alley, ten bowling pins stand, arranged in a triangular formation as shown on the right. • The object is to knock down as many pins as you can each time you send the ball down the alley. The more often you knock all them down each time you bowl, the higher your score will be. Each pin that is knocked down counts as one point. • Each game is divided into ten “frames”, during which each player has a chance to knock down the pins. If you knock down all the pins during each frame, you will score 30 points per frame and 300 points for the game. • For a novice bowler, a score or 120 or so is considered good. A score between 160 and 180 is good for a regular bowler, while professionals average more than 200 points in a single game. • In each frame, the bowler gets two chances unless the first try is a strike (knocking all the pins down at one time). The scores are all marked on a score sheet using symbols as follows on the next slide. (See next slide for following symbols)

12. Rules (Continued) • X: This stands for a strike, which means that all the pins have been knocked down in one turn. • /: This stands for a spare, which means that all the pins have been knocked down in two turns. A bowler is awarded 10 points plus a bonus of the player scoring on the next roll. If a spare is made on the final frame, one extra roll is permitted. • O: The zero is used to show a split ball, which occurs when the headpin is down and the remaining pins have another pin down immediately ahead of or between them. Remember that a split leaves pins that are not close together standing and it is therefore harder to knock them down in one try. • F: This mark stands for a foul, which means when a player goes beyond the foul lines with no penalty. When a foul occurs, no score is recorded for that shot. Proceed to the next slide.

13. Rules (Continued) PLAYING TECHNIQUES BASIC BOWLING MOVES Four-Step Delivery: The bowling pins may be approached in many different ways, but the most basic is called the “four-step delivery.” Here is a summary of each step: STEP ONE: If the bowler is right-handed, he or she should make the following movements: • Bend forward • Move the right foot forward about 12 inches • Hold the ball forward and to the right. • Allow the left hand to leave the ball. • Keep the right wrist firm • Keep shoulders parallel to the target. • Focus the eyes on the target.

14. Rules (Continued) STEP TWO: This step focuses on the left foot and right arm. Keep the right arm as close as possible to the body as the ball is swung backwards. STEP THREE: The ball now reaches the peak of the backswing (about shoulder height). Keep the movements smooth and deliberate and don’t rush. STEP FOUR: This step involves twelve movements: • Push forward off the right foot. • Slide on the front of the left foot. • Bend the left knee. • Bend at the waist and lean forward. • Let the ball swing forward under its own momentum. • Keep the right wrist and arm straight. • Keep the thumb positioned at “11 o’clock” (“1 o’clock” for left-handed people) • The left knee continues to bend as the left foot slides to a stop. • The slide is completed a few inches from the foul line. • The left foot is pointed straight ahead. • The ball is released across the foul line. • The left arm and right foot extend for balance.

15. Rules (Continued) FOLLOW THROUGH When the ball is released, the thumb comes out first, followed by the other fingers. At this point, the arm is in a forward position and should continue to rise up to shoulder level. Some bowling instructors don’t emphasize the follow-through, claiming instead that it occurs naturally if the ball is thrown correctly. Other instructors feel that follow-through is an important if neglected part of bowling. Try both to see which one works better for you. FOUR BASIC SHOTS The four basic shots indicate the way in which the ball rolls down the alley. These four shots are: Straight Hook Curve Backup The straight shot is exactly what its name implies except that it is rolled down the alley slightly off center in order to hit the first pin at an advantageous angle. (Continued on the next slide)

16. Rules (Continued) The hook shot consistently beats other shots in producing strikes. The hook, if thrown properly, will start a chain reaction among the pins. The hooking motion of the ball’s trajectory results from the way in which the middle and ring fingers are released as the ball is thrown onto the alley. The curve ball is difficult to control. It is actually an exaggerated version of the hook shot, but because of the side path, there is more room for error in this shot. The backup shot is seldom used. It works from left to right, the exact opposite of the other three shots, Most professional players advise against using this type of shot. EQUIPMENT AND CLOTHING The two essential pieces of equipment needed in bowing are a bowling ball and a pair of bowling shoes. Clothing can be any comfortable, loose-fitting sportswear that allows room for free movement. Weight, span and pitch must all be considered in selecting a bowling ball. “Span” is the distance between the thumb hole and the finger holes. “Pitch” is the angle at which the finger holes are drilled. With regards to weight, the rule of thumb is to select the heaviest ball that can be handled with ease. Choosing a ball that is too heavy and becoming fatigued from using it defeats the purpose of the game.

17. Rules (Continued) A good professional shop can help a beginning bowler decide where holes should be drilled in the ball to insure a comfortable fit. The choice of bowling shoes depends upon which hand the bowler uses to roll the ball. For example, if the bowler is right-handed, the left shoe needs to allow sliding while the right shoe provides the necessary traction. The opposite is true for left-handed bowlers.

18. Court Dimensions

19. End of Presentation • Ending Slide. Thank you for viewing.