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The Dawn of History

The Dawn of History. 1.1-1.2. Who studies history?. Geography: Study of people and environment Anthropology: study origin and development of people/societies Archaeology: Study of past through remains Artifacts Technology (Tools)

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The Dawn of History

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  1. The Dawn of History 1.1-1.2

  2. Who studies history? • Geography: Study of people and environment • Anthropology: study origin and development of people/societies • Archaeology: Study of past through remains • Artifacts • Technology (Tools) • Geologists, botanists, zoologists, climatologists, biologists

  3. Historians • Great vs Small • 1st historians wrote about powerful/wealthy • Today -study lives of all people

  4. Prehistory • Time before writing was invented • No cities, governments, inventions • 4000 BC- Writing and language begins

  5. Old Stone Age • Paleolithic age • 2 million BC to 10,000 BC • Africa • “Lucy”- Hominid Skeleton in Ethiopia • Descendants migrated north and East into Europe and Asia

  6. Hunters and Gatherers • Small bands • 20-30 people • Men hunted/fished • Women gathered • berries, fruit, nuts, wild grain, roots • Nomads: people who move from place to place • Simple tools/weapons • Developed spoken language

  7. Challenges • Ice ages • Glaciers spread • Animal skin clothing • Refuge in caves • Fires for warmth/cooking

  8. Religion • Animism: belief of spirits in animals/objects/dreams • Cave Paintings • France, Spain, N Africa • Stone Statues • Worshipped earth mother goddess • Carful burial of dead- belief in life after death • Buried with tools, weapons

  9. Agricultural Revolution • 11,000 years ago: nomadic bands learned to farm • Could remain in one place • Settled into villages

  10. New Stone Age • Neolithic Age • Began with agricultural revolution • Nobody knows how people began to plant • Most believe it began in Middle East • Others argue it began independently in different regions • Domestication: taming some animals into herds

  11. Effects • Growing pop. • More interaction • Status of women declined • Government- Council of Elders • Warfare up • Wealth up • Technology: calendars, plows using animals • Skills: weaving cloth, making better tools • Spread over thousands of years

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