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Chapter 8

Chapter 8. Jovian Planet Systems. The Jovian Worlds: A Different Kind of Planet. The Overall composition of the Jovian planets-particulary Jupiter and Saturn-is more similar to that of the Sun than to any of the terrestrial worlds. Comparison of Bulk Properties of the Jovian Planets.

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Chapter 8

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  1. Chapter 8 Jovian Planet Systems

  2. The Jovian Worlds: A Different Kind of Planet • The Overall composition of the Jovian planets-particulary Jupiter and Saturn-is more similar to that of the Sun than to any of the terrestrial worlds.

  3. Comparison of Bulk Properties of the Jovian Planets

  4. Jupiter’s Interior Structure

  5. Understanding Jovian planet sizes and densities Stacking pillows increases the height, but eventually compression occurs.

  6. Jovian Planet Interiors ~ 10 Mearth

  7. Jovian Planet Atmospheres • Jupiter’s atmosphere is almost entirely hydrogen and helium. • It also contains trace amounts of: • Methane (CH4) • Ammonia (NH3) • Water(H2O)

  8. The bands of rising air are called zones. • They appear white in color because ammonia clouds form as the air rises to high, cool altitudes. • The adjacent belts of falling air are depleted in cloud forming ingredients and do not contain any white ammonia clouds. • Instead, we see the red/tan ammonium – hydrosulfide clouds that form at lower altitudes.

  9. Jupiter’s Belts and Zones

  10. Light Blue = abundant methane gas White = ammonia or ammonium hydrosulfide crystals Red/Tan = ammonium hydrosulfide gas, and other sulfur and phosphorous compounds

  11. Jovian Planet Magnetospheres 20,000 times as strong as Earth’s magnetic field. Io Torus – charged particle belt formed by escaping particles from Io which interact with Jupiter’s magnetic field.

  12. The Jovian Moons • The Galilean Satellites: • Io • Europa • Ganymede • Callisto

  13. Io Callisto Europa Ganymede Titan Triton

  14. Io – Is so geologically active that it is the most volcanically active body in the solar system. • These are sulfur volcanoes. • Io’s surface is continually being reformed.

  15. Why Is Io So Geologically Active?

  16. Europa Collisto Io Ganymede Photograph of Jupiter from Earth showing several of its moons A Hubble Space Telescope image of Jupiter in true color.

  17. The Icy Crust of Europa North Pole -Earth

  18. Tidal Heating may give Europa a Subterranean Ocean

  19. Ganymede- the largest moon in the Solar System

  20. Callisto – An ancient surface Heavy Cratering-Ancient Surface Dark powder overlaying low areas

  21. Moons of Saturn Titan has a hazy, cloudy atmosphere and possibly oceans of ethane

  22. Saturn has Six Medium Sized Moons.

  23. Moons of Uranus Miranda – violent tectonic history

  24. Moons of Neptune Triton

  25. Jovian Ring Systems • All of the Jovian planets have ring systems, including Jupiter. • Saturn’s rings are the most prominent and spectacular. They can be easily seen by an earth Observer.

  26. Saturn’s Rings

  27. Shepherd Moons

  28. Cassini Division

  29. All Jovian planets have Rings

  30. The End

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