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Film Study Terms

Film Study Terms. English Language arts. Frame. Dividing line between the edges of the screen image and the enclosing darkness of the theater Single photo of film. Camera Shots & Angles. Cinematic shots are defined by the amount of subject matter within the frame Shots can vary in duration

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Film Study Terms

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  1. Film Study Terms EnglishLanguage arts

  2. Frame • Dividing line between the edges of the screen image and the enclosing darkness of the theater • Single photo of film

  3. Camera Shots & Angles • Cinematic shots are defined by the amount of subject matter within the frame • Shots can vary in duration • Shots vary in time from “subliminal” (a few frames) • to “quick” (less than a second) • to “average” (more than a second but less than a minute) • to “lengthy” (more than a minute)

  4. Long Shot • Shot taken from a great distance, almost always an exterior shot, shows much of locale

  5. Medium Shot • A shot taken from a sufficient distance to show a landscape, a building, or a large crowd

  6. Close-Up • The viewing field shows part of no more than one or two people in the frame, usually only upper body, or faces

  7. Extreme Close-Up • A shot of a small object or part of a face that fills the screen

  8. Zoom In • Not a camera movement, but a shift in the focal length of the camera lens to give the impression that the camera is getting closer to or farther from an object

  9. Types of Angles • The angle is determined by where the camera is placed not the subject matter • Angles can serve as commentary on the subject matter

  10. Point of View:Over the Shoulder Shot • Usually contains two figures, one with his/her back to the camera, and the other facing the camera

  11. Bird’s Eye View or From Overhead • Camera is placed directly overhead • Extremely disorienting • Viewer is godlike

  12. High Angle or From Above • Camera looks down at what is being photographed • Takes away power of subject, makes it insignificant • Gives a general overview

  13. Low Angle or From Below • Camera is located below subject matter • Increases height and power of subject

  14. Oblique Angle • Lateral tilt of the camera so that figures appear to befalling out of the frame • Suggests tension and transition • Sometimes used as the point of view of a drunk

  15. Point of View (POV) • A shot taken from the vantage point a particular character, or what a character sees

  16. “Eye-Level” • Roughly 5 to 6 feet off the ground, the way an actual observer might view a scene • Most common

  17. Camera Movement

  18. Pan • The camera moves horizontally on a fixed base

  19. Tilt • The camera points up or down from a fixed base

  20. Tracking (dolly) shot • The camera moves through space on a wheeled truck (or dolly), but stays in the same plane

  21. Getting from Scene to Scene

  22. Cut to • Transition between scenes when one scenes ends and another one begins • Most common

  23. Dissolve to • A gradual transition in which the end of one scene is superimposed over the beginning of a new one

  24. Fade-out/Fade in • A scene gradually goes dark or a new one gradually emerges from darkness

  25. Lighting

  26. High Key Light • High-key lighting is a style of lighting that aims to reduce the light contrast present in the scene. • done partly for technological reasons, since early film and television did not deal well with high contrast ratios, but now is used to create an upbeat mood • often used in sitcoms and comedies. • High-key lighting is • usually free from dark shadows high-key lighting fails to add meaning or drama by lighting certain parts more prominently than others

  27. Low Key Light • Low key light shows the contours of an object by throwing areas into light or shadow while the fill light provides partial illumination in the shadow areas to prevent a distracting contrast between bright and dark • Low key refers to any scene with a high contrast ratio, especially if there is more dark area than light

  28. Backlighting • The main source of light is behind the subject, silhouetting it, and directed toward the camera • refers to the process of illuminating the subject from the back • The back light is sometimes called hair /shoulder light, because when lighting an actor/actress, backlighting will cause the edges of his or her hair to glow if he or she has fuzzy hair.

  29. Voice Over • A character’s voice is heard while he/she is not in the scene • Examples: character might be dead, might be narrating to give more information about the situations, might be providing the voice as another character reads, etc.)

  30. (and the symbols behind them) COLOURS

  31. WHITE~ purity, snow, peace, innocence, cleanliness, simplicity

  32. RED~ • Passion, strength, energy, fire, love, arrogance, danger, blood, and war

  33. BLUE~ • Seas, skies, peace, unity, harmony, tranquility, calmness, coolness, confidence, loyalty, royalty, and nobility

  34. GREEN~ • Nature, spring, fertility, youth, environment, wealth, good luck, and envy

  35. YELLOW~ • Sunlight, joy, happiness, earth, optimism, intelligence, summer, and hope

  36. PURPLE~ • Envy, sensuality, spirituality, creativity, wealth, royalty, and nobility

  37. ORANGE~ • energy, balance, heat, fire, enthusiasm, and autumn

  38. BROWN~ • Calm, depth, natural organisms, nature, richness, dirt, dullness, and filth

  39. BLACK~ • mysterious, sophisticated; gloomy and threatening

  40. All images obtained through “google images” via public domain

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