2009 Nevada PRIMA Conference

1. 60 Safety Topics In 60 Minutes 2009 Nevada PRIMA Conference

2. Today’s Presenter: Jeff Skog, CSP, ARMRisk Management Consultant Midwest Employers Casualty Company • 22 years experience in safety and risk management • Certified Safety Professional (CSP) • Associate in Risk Management (ARM) • Former President of the Society of Casualty Safety Engineers (SCSE) • Safety Professional of the Year – 2005 (SCSE)

3. Objectives • Review 60 Safety Topics in 60 Minutes • Decide which topics you are familiar with • Decide which ones you aren’t familiar with • Close the gap • Ask questions here • Self study • Attend course or seminar • Repeat

4. Average Total Incurred Costs

5. Mega Trends • Medical Claim Cost Inflation • The Aging Workforce • The Obesity Epidemic

6. The Aging WorkforceEngineering Solutions Reduce and minimize heavy lifting Reduce static standing time Improve walking and working surfaces Improve illumination Review office ergonomics Utilize hands-free telephone equipment

7. Employee Health & Wellness • Provide Employee Assistance Programs (EAP) • Provide disease prevention • Promote healthy lifestyle changes • Promote health and safety education • Sponsor health screening • Sponsor immunizations

8. Return to Work

9. OSHA (2008 Fiscal Year)Most Frequently Cited Standards • Scaffolding, general requirements, construction (29 CFR 1926.451) • Fall protection, construction (29 CFR 1926.501) • Hazard communication standard, general industry (29 CFR 1910.1200) • Control of hazardous energy (lockout/tagout), general industry (29 CFR 1910.147) • Respiratory protection, general industry (29 CFR 1910.134) • Electrical, wiring methods, components and equipment, general industry (29 CFR 1910.305) • Powered industrial trucks, general industry (29 CFR 1910.178) • Ladders, construction (29 CFR 1926.1053) • Machines, general requirements, general industry (29 CFR 1910.212) • Electrical systems design, general requirements, general industry (29 CFR 1910.303)

10. OSHA (2008 Fiscal Year)Standards-Highest Penalties Assessed • Fall protection, construction (29 CFR 1926.501) • Scaffolding, general requirements, construction (29 CFR 1926.451) • Electrical, hazardous (classified) locations (29 CFR 1910.307) • Control of hazardous energy (lockout/tagout), general industry (29 CFR 1910.147) • Excavations, requirements for protective systems, construction (29 CFR 1926.652) • Machines, general requirements, general industry (29 CFR 1910.212) • General duty clause (Section 5(a)(1) of the OSH Act) • Powered industrial trucks, general industry (29 CFR 1910.178) • Walking-working surfaces, general requirements (29 CFR 1910.22) • Process safety management of highly hazardous chemicals (29 CFR 1910.119)

11. OSHA’s General Duty Clause SEC. 5. Duties • Each employer -- (1) shall furnish to each of his employees employment and a place of employment which are free from recognized hazards that are causing or are likely to cause death or serious physical harm to his employees;(2) shall comply with occupational safety and health standards promulgated under this Act • Each employee shall comply with occupational safety and health standards and all rules, regulations, and orders issued pursuant to this Act which are applicable to his own actions and conduct

12. More effective EngineeringControls Administrative Controls Personal Protective Equipment Less effective Safety and Loss PreventionHazard Control Hierarchy

13. Fall Protection • Trigger height • 4 feet –General Industry • 6 feet- Construction • Use a competent person • Determine fall protection requirements • Conduct training

14. Fall Protection • Fall exposures include: • Walkways & ramps • Open sides & edges • Holes • Concrete forms & rebar • Excavations • Roofs • Wall openings • Protective measures include guardrails, covers, safety nets, and Personal Fall Arrest Systems (PFAS) • Use appropriate scaffold construction methods

15. Scaffolding Employees working on scaffolds are exposed to these hazards • Falls from elevation - caused by slipping, unsafe access, and the lack of fall protection • Struck by falling tools / debris • Electrocution - from overhead power lines • Scaffold collapse - caused by instability or overloading • Bad planking giving way

16. Ladder Safety • Use the correct ladder for the job • Inspect ladder before use • Don’t overload the ladder • Use a ladder on stable and level surfaces • Tie off straight ladders • Use a 4:1 ratio for straight ladders • Extend straight ladders 3 feet above the upper landing surface

18. Implement a Shoe Policy Program • The shoe policy program should focus on employees wearing proper non-slip footwear

19. Housekeeping • Include housekeeping expectations in worker performance goals • Create a plan for handling materials from entry to exit • Make clear how day-to-day cleanup will be handled • Regularly remove wastes and unused materials • Make someone responsible for checking on the status of housekeeping every day

20. Personal Protective Equipment • Personal protective equipment (PPE) is designed to prevent or lessen the severity of injuries to workers • The employer must assessthe workplace and determine what hazards may necessitate the use of PPE before assigning PPE to workers • PPE shall be provided by the employer at no cost to employees

21. Respirators • Respirators protect the user in two basic ways • Contaminant removal from the air - particulate respirators, which filter out airborne particles; and "gas masks” which filter out chemicals and gases • Supplying clean respirable air - airline respirators, which use compressed air from a remote source; and self-contained breathing apparatus (SCBA), which include their own air supply

22. Respirators • Tips to select an appropriate respirator • Conduct an exposure assessment to determine the type and amount of hazardous exposure • Take into account the factors that can influence respirator selection such as job-site and worker characteristics • Understand the assigned protection factors • Know the various kinds of respirators and their relevant characteristics

23. Forklift Safety • Most common forklift-related fatalities: • forklift overturns • struck, crushed or pinned by a forklift • falls from a forklift • Forklift operation hazards • Forklift safety criteria • Forklift training requirements

24. Confined Space Entry • Typical Confined Spaces • How to Identify Confined Spaces • Hazards of Confined Spaces • Testing the Atmosphere • Permit Entry Systems

25. Hearing Conservation Program • Noise Control • Engineering • Administrative • PPE • Noise Monitoring • Audiometric Testing • Training Requirements • Recordkeeping

26. Aerial and Scissors Lifts • Electrocutions, falls, and tip over cause most of the deaths • Other causes • caught between the lift bucket or guardrail and object (such as steel beams or joists) • struck by falling objects • Workers can also be catapulted out of a bucket!

27. Hazard Communication Hazard Communication Defining HazCom Labeling MSDS Sheets Written Program Employee Training “Right To Know”

28. Example: MSDS ACETONE • Review MSDS’s that are applicable to your employee’s job • Ensure employees know how to obtain a MSDS sheet • Make the appropriate personal protective equipment available to employees

29. Lock-out/Tag-out • Identify and list all sources of energy • Training • Safe procedures • Lockout Devices • Locks • Tags • Annual review

30. Guards fixed interlocked adjustable self-adjusting Devices presence sensing pullback restraint safety controls (tripwire cable, two-hand control, etc.) gates Location/distance Feeding and ejection methods automatic and/or semi-automatic feed and ejection robots Miscellaneous aids awareness barriers protective shields hand-feeding tools Machine Guarding

31. Hot Work / Welding • Hot work is any work that involves burning, welding, using fire- or spark-producing tools, or that produces a source of ignition • Test for flammable gases in the work area before starting any hot work • Make suitable fire-extinguishing equipment immediately available • Assign personnel (fire watch) to guard against fire while hot work is being performed

32. Bloodborne Pathogens Infection from a bloodborne pathogen can result in chronic infection, serious illness, and death

33. Bloodborne PathogensExposure Control Plan • Universal precautions • Engineering controls • Work practices • Personal protective equipment • Housekeeping • Hepatitis B vaccination • Post-exposure evaluation and follow-up • Communication and training • Recordkeeping

34. Fire Extinguisher Classifications Letter classifications are given on an extinguisher to designate the class of fire for which it will be effective Ordinary Flammable Electrical Combustible C B A D Combustibles Liquids Equipment Metals

35. Flammable Liquids • The two primary hazards associated with flammable and combustible liquids are explosionand fire • Safe handling and storage of flammable liquids is critical • Control of ignition sources • Proper storage • Fire control • Safe handling

36. Spray PaintingNFPA 33Standard for Spray Application UsingFlammable or Combustible Materials • Hazard Controls • Room protected by automatic sprinkler system • Paint booth has sprinkler head covered by cellophane bag having a thickness of 0.08mm or less (or by thin paper bags) • Fire extinguisher nearby • Limited Flammable and Combustible liquids • Ventilation and exhaust • Explosion proof electrical/lighting • NO SMOKING

37. Sprinkler Systems • Cost justification issues • Occupancies and Commodities • NFPA 13 • Density and Operating Area • Water Supplies • Inspection • Testing

38. Kitchen Safety • Controls • Sprinkler protection • UL 300 extinguishing system in kitchen hood • Listed baffle filters in the hood area (no mesh filters!) • Class K fire extinguishers • Proper exit routes/means of egress • Regular maintenance on cooking equipment

39. Emergency Exits • An emergency exit in a structure is a special exit for emergencies such as a fire • Ensure exit lights are working • Check to see if battery back up is functioning • Establish replacement schedule for batteries • Make sure exit signs lead to an exit NOTE: Emergency exits are usually strategically located (e.g. in a stairwell, hallway, or other likely place) with an outward opening door and exit signs leadings to it.

40. Emergency Action Plan

41. Automated External Defibrillator • Placement • Visibility • Accessibility • Training • Basic First Aid/CPR classes • Fire Department • Red Cross • Local hospitals

42. Ergonomics • Implement ergonomic solutions • Reduce • excessive forces • awkward positions • repetitious activities • extreme temperatures • vibrations

43. Ergonomic Solutions

44. Office Ergonomics

45. Workplace ViolencePrevention Program Elements • Management commitment and employee involvement • Worksite analysis • Hazard prevention and control • Training and education • Recordkeeping • Evaluation of program

46. Severe Weather Fatalities “…heat is by far the number one killer of all weather events…” Historically, from 1979-2003, excessive heat exposure caused 8,015 deaths in the United States. During this period, more people in this country died from extreme heat than from hurricanes, lightning, tornadoes, floods, and earthquakes combined. Courtesy National Weather Service Forecast Office

47. Extreme Heat Plus Humidity Heat Index - A number in degrees Fahrenheit (F) that tells how hot it feels when relative humidity is added to the air temperature.

49. Tailgating2-Second Rule • Good driving conditions, keep a 2-second distance behind • Poor driving conditions, keep a 4-second distance behind • Use the 2- or 4-second rule

50. You…as an Employer…need to know Motor vehicle crashes are: • The leading cause of death on the job • More than 1,300 deaths /year • One of the largest contributors to WC costs • One of the costliest but least addressed loss in the workplace