Hitler’s Rise to Power

1. Hitler’s Rise to Power

2. What was Hitler’s Early Life Like • Born to Alois and Klara Hitler in Austria. • Mother dies - Hitler blames her Jewish doctor for her death. • Wanted to be an artist – not accepted into the Vienna Academy of Art • Paternal Grandfather - Jewish

3. Hitler’s Paintings

4. How did WWI Influence Hitler? • He served in German Army: • wounded and received two Iron Crosses for bravery. • First success in his life • Blamed Germany’s defeat on Jews, Communists, and “November Criminals” - signers of TOV

5. Why did Hitler Join the German Workers Party? • Army Sent Hitler to investigate in 1919. • Gave a speech denouncing the TOV, Jews and Communists • Asked to Join

6. What is the NAZI Party? • German Workers Party changed to National Socialist German Workers Party - “NAZI” Party • Fascist beliefs • Drafted a platform of 25 points • Swastika – ancient symbol meaning good luck

7. What was the Beer Hall Putsch? • October 30, 1923 • Failed NAZI Party Revolution- Hitler imprisoned

8. What is Mein Kampf? • “Mein Kampf” = “My Struggle” • Blueprint for Germany’s future 1. Racism - hatred for Jews 2. Lebensraum (living space) expansion of Germany’s border 3. World Domination

9. What Problems did Germany’s government have after WWI? • Weimar Republic – democracy established after WWI • Faced Political opposition from • communist • fascists

10. What economic problems did the Weimar Republic have after WWI? • Reparations – repayments for war damages to Allies • Caused: • High Unemployment • Starvation • Desperation….

11. What is Hyperinflation? US German • Jan 1918 $1 = $5.21 • Jan 1922 $1 = $191.81 • Jan 1923 $1 = $17, 972 • Dec 1923 $1 = $4.2 T Hyperinflation - soaring inflation (increase in prices due to too much money and too few goods)

12. What did Hitler offer to the German people? • Promises, Promises • Nationalists - Restore Germany to Greatness • Wealthy Industrialist – stop communism • Workers – end unemployment • Blamed Others for Germany’s Problems • Jews • November Criminals • Weimar Republic • Excellent Speaker

13. Hitler’s Speeches

14. How does Hitler become Chancellor? • “Brownshirts”– Hitler’s private army • used fear tactics to eliminate opposition • Used speeches and propaganda to gain support • Nazi Party gains votes in Reichtag (German Legislature): • 1930 = 18% of vote • 1932 = 37% of vote • Hitler appointed Chancellor (Prime Minister) in 1933

15. How did Hitler Gain Total Power? • “Reichstag fire” - blamed on communists • Ended democracy in Germany

16. What actions did Hitler take as Der Furher – The Leader? • Ignored the TOV • Rebuilt Army & Opened Weapons Factories • Stopped reparations payments • Economy improved • New Jobs - military sector • Decreased unemployment • Eliminated political opposition • Began planning for expansion of the Third Reich (Third Empire)

17. What was the Jewish Problem? • Hitler’s belief that Aryan German’s were the “Master Race” – blond hair, blue eyes, strong and disciplined • Blamed Germany’s problems on the Jewish • Racism and propaganda used to create distrust and hatred against Jews and non-Aryans.

18. What actions did Hitler take to solve the “Jewish Problem” • 1935 Nuremburg Laws • Stipped Jews of Citizenship • Can’t Hold Public Office • Barred From Schools • Boycott Jewish Businesses • Banned non-Jews from marriage to Jews • 1938 Kristallnacht • Jews attacked on streets • Jewish businesses vandalized • Burned Synagogues • Many Jews shot or sent to prison camps

19. Formative 1. • Name and explain three ways Hitler gained control of Germany • Name 3 problems Germany had after WWI

20. Mussolini

21. ItalyProblems After WWI • 460,000 Soldiers killed • Heavy debt • Dissatisfaction with TOV - Britain and France didn’t give Italy the land they promised in the Treaty of London • Governments were coalitions that couldn’t make decisions

22. Problems Continue • Value of lira declined • Price of bread rose • Shortage of Coal • Rising unemployment let to unrest in cities • Peasants seize lands

23. Mussolini Gains Power • Promises to solve Italy’s problems • Something for everyone: • Nationalists – recreate the Roman Empire • Landowners – protect private property • Workers – full unemployment • Blackshirts • Mussolin’s Followers • Used Force to gain power

24. March on Rome1922 • “Either the government will be given to us or we shall seize it by marching on Rome” • 20,000 Blackshirts in a planned Coup d’etat • King Victor Emmanuel fears Civil War - names Mussolini Prime Minister

25. “Il Duce” – The Leader • Solved Unemployment Problem • Restored Patriotism and Nationalism • Recaptured Italy’s Greatness • “Made the Trains Run on Time • Limited Individual Freedoms

26. Rise of Militarism in Japan

27. What Problems did Japan have after WWI? • Weak Constitutional Monarchy • Conflicts with west over immigration policies and TOV/LON • Population Explosion • 35M to 60 M • Need land for farming and living space • Industrial Revolution = need for more raw materials • Economic Problems due to Great Depression

28. What type of government evolved in Japan? • Civilian government had no control over military • Militarism influenced all aspects of society • Military gradually gains control of the government • Hirohito figurehead • Tojo as Military General and Leader of Japan

29. What were Japan’s Military and Nationalist Goals? • Solve Countries Problems through foreign expansion • Pacific empire rich in raw materials and living space • Begin in 1931 – Invasion of Manchuria 1931 Attack on Manchuria

30. What was the Rape of Nanking?

31. Formative • What problems did Japan have after WWI? • Which group in Japan gained political power after WWI?