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Mesoamerica, the Aztecs, and the Spanish Conquest

Mesoamerica, the Aztecs, and the Spanish Conquest. Mesoamerica. A civilization because it meets the definition. Organized into city states Most cultures split between the Nahuatl and the Mayan speaking peoples Agriculture based on corn and beans agriculture. Teotihuacan.

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Mesoamerica, the Aztecs, and the Spanish Conquest

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  1. Mesoamerica, the Aztecs, and the Spanish Conquest

  2. Mesoamerica • A civilization because it meets the definition. • Organized into city states • Most cultures split between the Nahuatl and the Mayan speaking peoples • Agriculture based on corn and beans agriculture.

  3. Teotihuacan • Population of 150,000-200,000 • Pyramid of the Sun is the 3rd largest pyramid in the world. • Reached its height from 100-900 C.E.

  4. Tenochtitlan • Capital city of the Aztecs • Built in the middle of a lake

  5. Aztec Empire (1400-1521) • When the Spanish arrive, the empire is only a century old. • The Aztecs speak Nahuatl and came from the north of Mexico.

  6. The Arrival of the Spanish • Hernando Cortez lands in 1519 with • 10 ships • 700 Soldiers • 16 Horses and 10 light cannon • It would only take him 2 years to conquer the Aztec nation. • Conquistadors • God, Gold, and Glory

  7. Aztec Disadvantages • Enemies made by ruling over tribute peoples • Disease, especially smallpox, will devastate the native populations. • The natives believe at first that Cortez is the God Quetzalcoatl • Have never seen guns or horses before.

  8. Conquest Completed • Tens of thousands of natives die from disease, malnutrition, and being overworked. • Spanish enslaved the natives using the Encomienda system.

  9. Conversion to Christianity • In 1531, few are Nahuatl people are converting to Christianity. • Juan Diego is a prince who has a vision of the Virgin Mary. • She speaks to him in his native tongue and appears to be Nahuatl

  10. Syncretism • Syncretism- the melding of beliefs from one system into another. • In many ways the image that appears on the Tilma of Juan Diego is similar to native gods. • Thousands of Nahuatl convert to Catholicism, but keep many practices and beliefs from the old religion.

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