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Human Variation and Adaptation

Human Variation and Adaptation. Part 1. Learning Objectives. 1. Describe how variation within groups is maintained and how variation among groups is maintained. 2 . Describe modern human biological diversity and articulate an informed position on the question of biological races of humans.

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Human Variation and Adaptation

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  1. Human Variation and Adaptation Part 1

  2. Learning Objectives • 1. Describe how variation within groups is maintained and how variation among groups is maintained. • 2. Describe modern human biological diversity and articulate an informed position on the question of biological races of humans. • 3. Define and provide examples of the four forces of evolution. • 4. Articulate anthropological insights into contemporary issues of multiculturalism and diversity with reference to present human biological variation.

  3. Microevolution & Macroevolution • Microevolution

  4. Background for Lecture • Evolution= • Allele frequency= • Population=

  5. Background for Lecture • Endogamy • Exogamy • Gene pool • Gene frequency

  6. Background for Lecture • Reproductive Isolation

  7. Human Biological Diversity & The Race Concept History of the Concept of Race • Particular ‘traits’ used to ______________ • Egyptians: ____________________ • Ancient Greece: _____________________ • Arabs: _________________________

  8. Human Biological Diversity & The Race Concept • Europeans (mid-late 1770s) • Needed to explain new discoveries • Classification system: • _______________________ • _________________________

  9. Human Biological Diversity & The Race Concept

  10. Human Biology & the Race Concept: Explaining Skin Color • _________________vs. ___________ • What do biologists & anthropologists mean by these terms? • How does this relate to skin color? • __________________________

  11. Human Biology & the Race Concept: Explaining Skin Color

  12. Human Biology & the Race Concept: Explaining Skin Color • Solar Radiation & Skin Color • Melanin – _______________________ • Protection from _____________________ • Fair = ______________ • Dark = _______________

  13. Human Biology & the Race Concept: Explaining Skin Color 1940 diagram

  14. Human Biological Diversity & The Race Concept • “race”-based research techniques • Biomedical information • Why take this focus if ‘race’ is socially constructed? • ___________________ • ____________________ • Change in focus away ___________________ • Recognizes ______________________ Note: we will send more time on this topic on Jan 22nd

  15. Forces of Evolution • Natural Selection • Mutation • Genetic Drift • Gene Flow Previously covered Lecture, Part 2: briefly discuss sickle cell Focus on these

  16. Forces of Evolution • Genetic Drift: • Has a greater effect on ___________________ • Can include _____________________________

  17. Forces of Evolution Genetic Drift, continued • ___________________ • Allele frequencies are __________________that are taken from, or are remnants of, ___________ • ____________________ • ______________________________

  18. Polydactyl: ______________ Forces of EvolutionGenetic Drift, continued Huntington's Chorea

  19. Forces of Evolution Genetic Drift, continued • ________________ • When ________________ is drastically reduced by a ________________ • Examples: ________ • _________________events narrows the ______________

  20. Forces of Evolution • __________: _____________________ • ____________________________________ influenced by biocultural interactions!

  21. Genetic Drift and Gene Flow • Genetic Drift: ________ • ____________ • ______________ • Gene Flow: ____________ How do these two forces of evolution influence variation within and between populations?

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