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Bonding and Naming of Ions

Bonding and Naming of Ions. Metal + Metal. Forms Metallic Bonds In Metallic Bonds there aren ’ t enough electrons to give every atom a happy valence shell so the valence electrons wander among the atoms giving them a electrostatic connection and keeping them together to form an alloy.

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Bonding and Naming of Ions

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  1. Bonding and Naming of Ions

  2. Metal + Metal • Forms Metallic Bonds • In Metallic Bonds there aren’t enough electrons to give every atom a happy valence shell so the valence electrons wander among the atoms giving them a electrostatic connection and keeping them together to form an alloy

  3. Metal + Non-Metal • Forms Ionic Bonds • The anion takes the valence electron from the cation the opposite magnetic attraction holds the ions together. • The combination forms a compound.

  4. Non-Metal + Non-Metal • Forms Covalent Bonds • The cation shares it’s electrons with the anion combining their electron clouds and forming a molecule.

  5. Metalloids • Can form Ionic, Covalent or Metallic bonds.

  6. Naming - T. Metals • Most metals have more than one positive ion. And there are two ways to name them Roman Numerals Fe2+ Iron (II) Fe3+ Iron (III) Cu+ Copper (I) Cu2+ Copper (II) -ous and –ic Fe2+ Ferrous Fe3+ Ferric Cu+ Cuprous Cu2+ Cupric Either is acceptable unless asked for a specific method

  7. Naming - Normal Ions • Metal cations that are not transition elements are just named by their names without pre or suffixes • Li - Lithium • Na - Sodium

  8. Naming - Normal Ions • Add -ide to the end of an elements name if it is the normal anion of an atom H- Hydride F- Fluoride O2- Oxide S2- Sulfide N3- Nitride P3- Phosphide Applies to only negative Monoatomic ions Mono - 1 Atomic - atom

  9. Naming - Complex Ions • Oxyanions • -ite and -ate The ion with more oxygen is -ate The ion with less oxygen is - ite NO2- Nitrite NO3- Nitrate SO32- Sulfite SO42- Sulfate

  10. Naming - Complex Ions 2 • In some cases there are more than 2 levels of oxygen • ClO- Hypochlorite • ClO2- Chlorite • ClO3- Chlorate • ClO4- Perchlorate In those cases: The First gets the prefix Hypo- The middle two are named as before The Last gets the prefix Per-

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