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Elbow and Forearm Complex

Elbow and Forearm Complex. ESAT 3600 Fundamentals of Athletic Training. Elbow joint. Distal end of humerus , proximal end of ulna and radius 2 joints Ulnohumeral ( Trochlear ) Radiohumeral. Elbow Skeletal Review ( Humerus ). Medial epicondyle Lateral epicondyle Trochlea

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Elbow and Forearm Complex

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  1. Elbow and Forearm Complex ESAT 3600 Fundamentals of Athletic Training

  2. Elbow joint • Distal end of humerus, proximal end of ulna and radius • 2 joints • Ulnohumeral (Trochlear) • Radiohumeral

  3. Elbow Skeletal Review (Humerus) • Medial epicondyle • Lateral epicondyle • Trochlea • Capitulum • Coronoidfossa • Olecranonfossa

  4. Elbow Skeletal Review (RU) • Olecranonprocess • Coronoid process • Trochlear notch • Head of radius • Radial tuberosity

  5. Elbow Arthrology • Ulnohumeral joint • Resting position • 70° elbow flexion • 10° forearm supination • Closed pack position • Extension + supination • Movements • Flexion/Extension • Radiohumeral joint • Resting position • Full extension + full supination • Closed packed position • 90° elbow flexion • 5° forearm supination • Movements • Flexion/Extension • Supination/Pronation

  6. CubitalValgus Angleaka – Carrying Angle

  7. Elbow Arthrokinematics

  8. Elbow Joint Stability • Strong bony stability • Strong joint capsule • 4 ligaments • Annular • Prevents lateral displacement of radial head • Lateral (radial) collateral • Radial component • Ulnar component

  9. Elbow Joint Stability Continued • Ulnar collateral • Anterior band • Posterior band

  10. Musculature’s Role in Elbow Joint Stability and Movement • Muscle stability provided by all muscles that cross joint • Including wrist flexors and extensors • Flexion • Biceps brachii • Brachioradialis • Brachialis • Pronatorteres • Extension • Triceps brachii • Anconeus

  11. Radioulnar (RU) Joint • 3 articulations • Proximal • Middle • Distal • Weak bony arrangement • Strong ligamentous

  12. RU Arthrology • Proximal Radioulnar joint • Resting position • 35° supination • 70° elbow flexion • Closed packed position • Distal radioulnar joint • Resting position • 10° supination • Closed packed position • 5° supination

  13. RU Arthrokinematics

  14. Ligamentous Stability of the Radioulnar Joint • Proximal • Annular ligament • Middle • Interosseous membrane • Distal • A/P radioulnar ligaments • fibrodisc

  15. Musculature’s Role inRadioulnar Joint Stability and Movement • Muscles that cross radius and ulna provide stability • Supination • Supinator • Biceps brachii • Pronation • Pronatorteres • Pronatorquadratus

  16. Mechanics of Biceps Pull • 3 joint muscle • Medial attachment to radius acts as wheel-axel configuration • Produces supination of pronated/neutral forearm • Powerful supinator at 90° of elbow flexion

  17. Dual Role of the PronatorQuadratus

  18. Muscles of Shoulder and Elbow • Biceps brachii • O: long head – supraglenoid tubercle of the scapula; short head – apex of coracoid process of the scapula • I: radial tuberosity and bicipital aponeurosis • A: flexes and supinates the forearm at the elbow • RO-IA: both heads are active during flexion of the arm at the shoulder joint, with the long head being more active

  19. Muscle of the Elbow • Brachioradialis • O: proximal 2/3 of the lateral supracondylar ridge of the humerus and lateral intermuscular septum • I: lateral side of base of styloid process of the radius • A: flexion of the forearm at the elbow. Pronates and supinates to mid position

  20. Muscle of the Elbow • Brachialis • O: lower ½ of the anterior surface of the humerus • I: tuberosity and coronoid process of the ulna • A: flexes forearm at the elbow

  21. Muscles of Shoulder and Elbow • Triceps brachii • O: long head – infraglenoid tubercle of scapula; lateral head – superior ½ of posterior lateral surface of humerus; medial head – inferior 2/3 on the posterior surface of the humerus • I: supraposterior surface of the olecranon process of the ulna and deep fascia of the forearm • A: extends forearm at the elbow. Long head aids in adduction and extension of the arm at the shoulder

  22. Muscle of the Elbow • Anconeus • O: posterior surface of lateral epicondyle of humerus • I: lateral side of olecranon process and posterior surface of proximal portion of ulna • A: Extension and pronation of forearm at the elbow

  23. Muscles of the Radioulnar Joint • Supinator • O: lateral epicondyle of humerus, radial collateral ligament of elbow, annular ligament of radius and the supinator crest of ulna • I: an oblique line on the lateral anterior surface of the upper 1/3 of radius • A: supinates the forearm

  24. Muscles of the Radioulnar Joint • Pronator Teres • O: humeral head – common flexor tendon from medial epicondyle of humerus and common flexor tendon; ulnar head – medial side of coronoid process of ulna • I: Middle 1/3 of lateral surface of radius • A: pronation of forearm and flexion of forearm at the elbow

  25. Muscles of the Radioulnar Joint • Pronator Quadratus • O: distal ¼ of the anterior surface of the ulna • I: distal ¼ of the anterior surface of the radius • A: pronates the forearm

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