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Political Philosophy Philosophy 2B - Ray Critch Lecture 5 - Equality

Political Philosophy Philosophy 2B - Ray Critch Lecture 5 - Equality. In this lecture Kinds of Egalitarian Equality of What? Challenges to Equality. What Kind of Equality?. Kinds of Equality Scope - how far does equality extend? Moral Equality Dignity Individuals deserve equal respect

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Political Philosophy Philosophy 2B - Ray Critch Lecture 5 - Equality

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  1. Political PhilosophyPhilosophy 2B - Ray CritchLecture 5 - Equality In this lecture Kinds of Egalitarian Equality of What? Challenges to Equality

  2. What Kind of Equality? • Kinds of Equality • Scope - how far does equality extend? • Moral Equality • Dignity • Individuals deserve equal respect • Not really in focus today • Deals more with providing a foundation for rights, or a rationale for many of the other approaches to equality.

  3. What Kind of Equality? • Formal Equality • Equal Treatment • Treating Like Alike • Proceduralist • Problematic • Underdemanding - MWPA • Comparitor group

  4. What Kind of Equality? • Substantive Equality • Equal outcome • Treating Different Differently • Consequential • Problems • Demandingness • Substantive Equality and Positive Freedom

  5. Equality of What? • Welfare • How Measured? • Quality of Life - again, how measured? • Subjective Measures • Hedonistic • Preference Egalitarianism • Objective Measures • Well-being • Problem: • Desert and Choice

  6. Equality of What? • Resources • How Measured? • Basic Goods • Stuff • Problems • Expensive Tastes • Desert and Choice • Envy

  7. Equality of What? • Opportunity • Equal Playing Field • Usually opportunity for resources or welfare • Affirmative action? • Problems • Reducible to Welfare or Resources? • Best/Worst of both worlds? • Possible?

  8. Equality of What? • Capability • What Matters is not that people have equal resources/welfare/opportunity but what they can do with them. • Sufficientarian, usually • Problems • What threshold, Which Capabilities • Neutrality?

  9. Challenges to Equality • Sufficientarian • Should we be seeking full equality, or equality of a basic threshold? • Levelling down objection. • Inequalities? • What about social norms? • Uniformity • Are inequalities simply a necessary consequence of difference?

  10. Challenges to Equality • Libertarian/Meritocratic • Equality as wrong • Slavery of the Superior • Moral Equality - Equality of Rights, • Limited Equality of Opportunity • Equality among who? • Comparitor Group Problem • Global v. Social Justice

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