Human Resource Management

Human Resource Management Functions & Responsibilities

Human Resource Management by Obaid Ashraf

Human Resource Management It deals with the PEOPLE aspect of an organization It is a term used to describe the set of tasks aimed at effectively managing an organization’s employees or human resources

Recruitment or Downsizing Selection of Employees Orientation HR Planning Training and Development Competent High-Performing Workers Competent High-Performing Workers Compensations and Benefits Performance Appraisals Safety and Health

The Staffing Function The Maintenance Function Human Resource Management The Motivation Function The Training & Development Function

Human Resource Management The Staffing Function

HRM The Staffing Function Employment Planning Job Analysis Recruitment Selecting Downsizing

Employment Planning Job Analysis Recruitment Selecting Downsizing HRM The Staffing Function Process by which management ensures that it has the right number and kinds of people in the right places at the right times, people who are capable of effectively and efficiently completing those tasks that will help the organization achieve its overall objectives or goals. Next

Assessing Current Human Resources Assessing Future HR Needs HRM The Staffing Function Employment Planning Job Analysis Recruitment Selecting Downsizing

Human Resource Management Systems Replacement Charts Job Analysis Recruitment Selection Downsizing HRM The Staffing Function Employment Planning Assessing Current Human Resources Assessing Current Human Resources Assessing Future Human Resources

HRM The Staffing Function Employment Planning Assessing Current Human Resources Human Resource Systems Human Resource Systems Human Resource Inventory Human Resource Management Systems Replacement Charts Assessing Future Human Resources Job Analysis Recruitment Selection Downsizing

HRM The Staffing Function Employment Planning Assessing Current Human Resources Human Resource Systems Human Resource Inventory Employees fill up forms Determines current skills Helps in training and development Identifies current and future threats Points out technical disabilities Human Resource Management Systems Computerized database about the employees Centrally located and accessible HR informational records Helps in training and development

HRM Replacement Chart The Staffing Function Raza Afridi Current position: President Age: 64 Expected replacement needed: 1 year Education: Master’s in taxation Experience: 27 yr financial operation Jamil Tariq Current position: Vice President , Marketing Expected replacement needed: 1 year Experience: 17 yr marketing management Khalil Ahmad Current position: Vice President, HRM Expected replacement needed: 11 months Experience: 18 yr HRM

HRM The Staffing Function Employment Planning Assessing Current Human Resources Assessing Future HR Needs Assessing Future HR Needs Decided by organization’s strategic direction Demand for HR = demand for products/services Satisfactory HR determine revenues Job Analysis Recruitment Selection Downsizing

HRM The Staffing Function Job Analysis Systematic exploration of activities within a job Define duties, responsibilities and accountabilities of a job Identifies the required tasks, knowledge and skills Identifies the condition under which the job is to be done Emp Planning Recruitment Selection Downsizing

HRM The Staffing Function Job Analysis Methods for Job Analysis Methods for Job Analysis Observation Method Each employee observed Films reviewed First hand information Hawthorne Effect Emp Planning Recruitment Selection Downsizing

HRM The Staffing Function Job Analysis Methods for Job Analysis Observation Method Individual Interview Method A team of employees selected Extensively Interviewed Combined into single analysis Tells about what a job entails Emp Planning Recruitment Selection Downsizing

HRM The Staffing Function Job Analysis Methods for Job Analysis Observation Method Individual Interview Method Group Interview Method Many employees Interviewed simultaneously Job assessing accuracy is increased But group dynamics may blinder effectiveness Emp Planning Recruitment Selection Downsizing

HRM The Staffing Function Job Analysis Methods for Job Analysis Observation Method Individual Interview Method Group Interview Method Structured Questionnaire Workers get a specific design questionnaire Check or rate items they perform on a job Excellent for gathering information But No opportunity to ask follow up questions Can’t clarify the received information Emp Planning Recruitment Selection Downsizing

HRM The Staffing Function Job Analysis Methods for Job Analysis Observation Method Individual Interview Method Group Interview Method Structured Questionnaire Technical Conference Method Supervisors provide the information But Lack’s incumbent’s perception Emp Planning Recruitment Selection Downsizing

HRM The Staffing Function Job Analysis Methods for Job Analysis Observation Method Individual Interview Method Group Interview Method Structured Questionnaire Technical Conference Method Diary Method Employees record daily activities Most time consuming Emp Planning Recruitment Selection Downsizing

HRM The Staffing Function Job Analysis Methods for Job Analysis Outcomes of Job Analysis Outcomes of Job Analysis Job Description Job Specification Job Evaluation Emp Planning Recruitment Selection Downsizing

Job Description Job Specification Job Evaluation HRM The Staffing Function Job Analysis Methods for Job Analysis Outcomes of Job Analysis What the jobholder does? How is it done? Under what conditions? And why? Job content, environment and conditions Emp Planning Recruitment Selection Downsizing

Job Description Job Specification Job Evaluation HRM The Staffing Function Job Analysis Methods for Job Analysis Outcomes of Job Analysis Minimum acceptable qualification Education, certification and experience Knowledge, skills and abilities Emp Planning Recruitment Selection Downsizing

Job Description Job Specification Job Evaluation HRM The Staffing Function Job Analysis Methods for Job Analysis Outcomes of Job Analysis Compares different jobs Common skill jobs in same groups Helpful in compensation administration Emp Planning Recruitment Selection Downsizing

HRM The Staffing Function Recruitment The process of locating, identifying and attracting capable applicants Linking Activity: Bringing together those with jobs to fill and those seeking jobs. Recruiting goals • Obtain an adequate pod of applicants, more choices for the managers • Let Applicants self-test themselves out of candidacy Emp Planning Job Analysis Selection Downsizing

Recruitment Sources HRM The Staffing Function Recruitment Internal Search External Search Emp Planning Job Analysis Selection Downsizing

Recruitment Sources Internal Search External Search HRM The Staffing Function Recruitment Develop own employees How it works • Employees either bid for the job • Or identified through HRMS • Referred by another employee Emp Planning Job Analysis Selection Downsizing

Recruitment Sources Internal Search External Search HRM The Staffing Function Recruitment Advantages • Good Public Relations • Builds morale • Performance information already available • Chosen already know the organization • Helps in developing in middle and top managers • Less Costly Emp Planning Job Analysis Selection Downsizing

Recruitment Sources Internal Search External Search HRM The Staffing Function Recruitment Disadvantages • Outside candidates may be better • Causes rivalry • “We’ve always done it that way” • No diversity of ideas • Lesser enthusiasm than outside recruits Emp Planning Job Analysis Selection Downsizing

Recruitment Sources Internal Search External Search HRM The Staffing Function Recruitment External Community is involved Emp Planning Job Analysis Selection Downsizing

Recruitment Sources Advertisements Employment Agencies Educational Institutions Professional Organizations Cyberspace Recruiting Unsolicited Applicants HRM The Staffing Function Recruitment External Search External Search External Search Internal Search Looking for people outside the organization Methods Emp Planning Job Analysis Selection Downsizing

Recruitment Sources Advertisements Employment Agencies Educational Institutions Professional Organizations Cyberspace Recruiting Unsolicited Applicants HRM The Staffing Function Recruitment External Search Internal Search Identification of organization Labour market conditions Specific requirements included Methods Emp Planning Job Analysis Selection Downsizing

Recruitment Sources Advertisements Employment Agencies Educational Institutions Professional Organizations Cyberspace Recruiting Unsolicited Applicants HRM The Staffing Function Recruitment External Search Internal Search Methods Provide best applicants Public and private differ in quality Management consulting firms Emp Planning Job Analysis Selection Downsizing

Recruitment Sources Advertisements Employment Agencies Educational Institutions Professional Organizations Cyberspace Recruiting Unsolicited Applicants HRM The Staffing Function Recruitment External Search Internal Search Methods Recruitment of recent graduates Internships Emp Planning Job Analysis Selection Downsizing

Recruitment Sources Advertisements Employment Agencies Educational Institutions Professional Organizations Cyberspace Recruiting Unsolicited Applicants HRM The Staffing Function Recruitment External Search Internal Search Methods For benefits of their members Labour unions etc Emp Planning Job Analysis Selection Downsizing

Recruitment Sources Advertisements Employment Agencies Educational Institutions Professional Organizations Cyberspace Recruiting Unsolicited Applicants HRM The Staffing Function Recruitment External Search Internal Search Methods Latest and useful Organizations publish vacancies People place their résumés online Emp Planning Job Analysis Selection Downsizing

Recruitment Sources Advertisements Employment Agencies Educational Institutions Professional Organizations Cyberspace Recruiting Unsolicited Applicants HRM The Staffing Function Recruitment External Search Internal Search Methods Get a fair deal of attention Get a response on opening of an according vacancy Emp Planning Job Analysis Selection Downsizing

HRM The Staffing Function Recruitment Recruitment Constraints Recruitment Constraints Recruitment Sources • Pool of applicants may not include the best applicants • The best applicant may not want to join the company There are many constraints in the process Emp Planning Job Analysis Selection Downsizing

Image of the organization HRM The Staffing Function Recruitment Recruitment Constraints Recruitment Constraints Recruitment Sources Image of the organization • A potential constraints • If the image is low, lesser likelihood of attracting a large number of applicants • And vice versa Emp Planning Job Analysis Selection Downsizing

Attractiveness of the job Image of the organization HRM The Staffing Function Recruitment Recruitment Constraints Recruitment Sources Attractiveness of the job An unattractive job that is • Boring, • Hazardous • Anxiety creating • Low paying • Lacking in promotion potential seldom attracts qualified pool Emp Planning Job Analysis Selection Downsizing

Internal organizational policies Attractiveness of the job Image of the organization HRM The Staffing Function Recruitment Recruitment Constraints Recruitment Sources Internal organizational policies Internal organizational policies such as “promote from within” reduces number of applicants Emp Planning Job Analysis Selection Downsizing

Government influence Internal organizational policies Attractiveness of the job Image of the organization HRM The Staffing Function Recruitment Recruitment Constraints Recruitment Sources Government influence Can’t seek applicants on non-job basis: • Physical appearance • Sex • Religious background Government laws make sure! Emp Planning Job Analysis Selection Downsizing

Recruiting costs Government influence Internal organizational policies Attractiveness of the job Image of the organization HRM The Staffing Function Recruitment Recruitment Constraints Recruitment Sources Recruiting costs Recruiting efforts are expensive Long time recruiting is not possible Recruiting sources are carefully selected Emp Planning Job Analysis Selection Downsizing

HRM The Staffing Function Selection The process of screening job applicants to make sure that the most appropriate candidates are hired It usually has eight steps, but not all organizations complete these eight steps. Some choose a combination of these methods as per required or felt appropriate considering the budget factor. Emp Planning Job Analysis Recruitment Downsizing

Initial Screening HRM The Staffing Function Selection Step Step 1 Job Description and Job specification Screening interview Salary discussed at this stage Emp Planning Job Analysis Recruitment Downsizing

Initial Screening Completion of Application Form HRM The Staffing Function Selection Step 1 2 Applicants fills out an application form Job-performance synopsis Tells about what he has been doing Talks about Skills and achievements Emp Planning Job Analysis Recruitment Downsizing

Initial Screening Completion of Application Form Employment Tests HRM The Staffing Function Selection Step 1 2 3 Organizations use tests as a major input for selection process • Intelligent tests • Aptitude tests • Ability tests • Interest tests • Graphology (handwriting analysis) • Honesty tests Emp Planning Job Analysis Recruitment Downsizing

The Comprehensive Interview Employment Tests Completion of Application Form Initial Screening HRM The Staffing Function Selection Step 1 2 3 4 Applicants passing earlier steps take this interview Some or all of the following can interview: • HR Interviewers • Senior managers • Potential supervisor • Potential colleagues Emp Planning Job Analysis Recruitment Downsizing

Human Resource Management