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Chapter#16

Chapter#16. Safety and Health. Occupational Safety and Health Act 1970. Mission: to ensure safe and healthful workplaces in America. Workplace fatalities cut in one half Injuries and illness cut by 40%

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Chapter#16

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  1. Chapter#16 Safety and Health

  2. Occupational Safety and Health Act 1970 • Mission: to ensure safe and healthful workplaces in America. • Workplace fatalities cut in one half • Injuries and illness cut by 40% • AT THE SAME TIME US EMPLOYMENTHAS DOUBLED FROM 56 MILLION WORKERS TO 111 MILLION WORKERS

  3. Covers ers with more than 11 ees • STAFF OF 2,303, OF THOSE ARE 1,123 INSPECTORS • Budget 434 million • Job related injuries cost business 127.7 billion

  4. Stats • 6026 die yearly • 6.2 million accidents • Accident rate 6.3/100 ees yrly • 862,200 illnesses

  5. OSHA’s three strategies • Strong, fair and effective enforcement • Outreach education and Compliance assistance • Partnerships and voluntary programs

  6. Inspections 2002 • 37,493 inspections in 2002 • 21,347 were in construction • 8,270 were in manufacturing • 7,750 in all other industries

  7. The following violations were categorized • 416 Willfull $11,799,00 (fines) • 54,842 Serious $ 48,312,000 • 1,969 Repeat $7,700,00 • On purpose • Er should have known • Failure to correct

  8. Record keeping #431 • 1,000$ per incident fine • Records must be kept • Occupational illnesses • Occupational injuries • Recorded in detail

  9. HR Inspections • When accidents occur HR must conduct investigations on injured and any witnesses

  10. OSHA inspections • Standards are enforced through inspections. • With er consent • With warrants • First priorities: imminent danger • Within 24 hours response • Second priority: injuries that have already occurred. • Within 3 working days response • Third Priority: complaints • 20 working days response

  11. The inspection itself • Officers come to site • Shows credentials • Explains scope of inspection • Ee cannot be penalized for talking to OHSA by er. • EEs get to read reports

  12. Citations • After visit inspections OSHA holds closing conference. • May issue citations • Can issues penalties • 5,000 TO 70,000$ • CITATIONS CAN BE APPEALED BY ER

  13. What should HR do when OSHA comes? • Refer inspector to OSHA coordinator. • Check credentials • Ask reason for inspection • Show your records • Walk with inspector as they tour the facility

  14. ER can not discriminating against ees who complain. • Er must comply • Er remains liable for injuries even upon noncompliance by ees or by ee resistance.

  15. What causes accidents • Unsafe conditions • Improper or defective equipment • Unsafe storage • Poor light • Poor ventilations • Unsafe Acts • Throwing tools • Not using safety gear • Improper lifting

  16. How to reduce unsafe acts • Praise safety • Listen to ees • Better selection • Provide training • Bilingual training • Identify unsafe behaviors • Conduct regular inspections • Off work safety programs

  17. EE Health Problems • 70% of illicit drug users work full time • 50% of all problem ees are actually alcoholics • Cost to firm is $7,000 per ee per year

  18. What are the clues? • Tardiness • Quits early • Borrows money • Too much time off • Late back from lunch

  19. Drug Free Workplace ActRequirements • Publish policies about drug in workplace • Awareness programs • Get ees to report to report any drug related activities as a condition of employment

  20. US Dept of Transportation Requirements • Random testing • Preemployment testing • Post accident testing • Reasonable suspicion

  21. How to reduce ers legal risks • Publish all policies in handbooks. • Bulletin boards • Describe testing procedures

  22. Oklahoma Drug LawsRecent Changes • Ok law is the most restrictive in US • YOU MUST HAVE DETAILED WRITTEN POLICY • LIST ALL DRUGS • Cannaboids • Opiates • Cocaine • Amphetamines • PCP • Barbiturates • Meth • Propoxyphene

  23. If the drug you test for is not listed you’re your policy you can not discipline

  24. Onsite testing • New law • No longer need to use licensed facility.. Can test on site with kits approved by FDA

  25. Your policy must inform ee of the following • All applicants in same category will be tested after offer is extended. • Reasonable suspicion • Random periodic and post rehabilitation • Post accident

  26. $500.00 THRESHOLD • Post accident ONLY is damage is greater than $500.00 AND reasonable suspicion • Property or personal injury

  27. Aids • All those who have relations with AIDS victim are covered under ADA. • All employment records must be kept in complete confidence.

  28. You can refuse to hire if: • Effects safety of others. • Disease makes individual incapable of performing job

  29. Aids policy • Aids treated same as any other illness • You must provide reasonable accommodation so long as the ee is otherwise qualified to perform essential job duties. • Job restructuring • Job reassignment • Modified work schedules • Extended medical leave • Time off for treatment

  30. Job Stress and burnout • Reduce hostile work environments • Limit overloads • Realistic deadlines

  31. 4 major sources of occupational respiratory disease • Asbestos • Silica • Carbon dioxide • Lead • Workplace smoking • Each ee smoker costs er between • $2,000 and $5,000 yearly. • Second hand smoke causes 3,000 deaths per year and 35,000 to 62,000 illnesses due to heart problems

  32. Workplace violence • Second biggest cause of fatal injuries on the job most due to robberies • 1,000 murders • 1.5 million assaults • Bullying, hostile work environments costs 180 billion yearly

  33. OHSA compliance is required for firms with more than ___ ee. • A, 20 • B. 11 • C. 15

  34. Number 1 cause of workplace deaths is • A. Homicides • B. Accidents • C. Hostile environments

  35. Job related injuries cost US business ___ yearly • A. 127 billion • B. 56 billion • C. 150 billion

  36. There are ____ per 100 ees workplace accidents yearly • A. 9.4 • B. 12 • C. 6.3

  37. OSHA’s three strategies are enforcement, ___ and partnerships • A. citations • B. Injunctions • C. education

  38. By far the most inspections made were in the ____ industry • A. Fishing • B. Farming • C. Construction

  39. The next step after an inspection is performed is a ____. • A. Conference with management • B. Record keeping • C. Citation writing

  40. What causes accidents? • A. Unsafe acts and conditions • B. Unsafe conditions and ees • C. Unsafe conditions and ers.

  41. ____% of drug users work full time • A. 90 • B. 50 • C. 70

  42. ____% of all problem ees are alcoholics. • A. 70 • B. 30 • C. 50

  43. 4 major causes of illness on the job are lead, carbon monoxide, workplace smoking and _____ • A. Asbestos • B. Opium • C. Silica

  44. Smokers can cost a firm up to ____ yearly • A. $2000 • B. $10,000 • C. $ 5,000

  45. Second hand smokes causes ___ deaths yearly. • A. 1000 • B. 9000 • C. 3000

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