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Munich

Munich. Sep 1931 Japanese invasion of Manchuria. 1932-4 Failure of World Disarmament Conference. Timeline of appeasement. June 1935 Anglo-German Naval Agreement. Oct 1935 Italian invasion of Abyssinia. March 1936 German troops reoccupy the Rhineland. 1936-9 Spanish Civil War.

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Munich

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  1. Munich

  2. Sep 1931 Japanese invasion of Manchuria 1932-4 Failure of World Disarmament Conference • Timeline of appeasement June 1935 Anglo-German Naval Agreement Oct 1935 Italian invasion of Abyssinia March 1936 German troops reoccupy the Rhineland 1936-9 Spanish Civil War March 1938 Anschluss

  3. Czechoslovakia

  4. Hitler financed and supported the Sudeten German Party under Conrad Henlein. With Hitler's backing the party became a force to be reckoned with in Czechoslovakia. • Hitler ordered Henlein to create a crisis in the country. The Sudeten Germans made increasingly bold demands from the government. When the demands could not be met they insisted that they were being persecuted. • In April 1938, Henlein announced his Karlsbad Programme for Sudeten self-government, and organised civil unrest. • In May 1938, Hitler moved his armies to the Czech border to intimidate the Czechoslovakian President, Benes. • In July 1938, Hitler promised Britain's Prime Minister, Neville Chamberlain, that he would not invade Czechoslovakia if he were given control of the Sudetenland. • In September 1938, Hitler made an inflammatory speech against the Czechoslovakian President, Benes, at a Nazi rally at Nuremberg. • On the 12th September, the Sudeten Germans rioted and martial law was declared in Czechoslovakia.

  5. Prevailed upon Benes to give concessions to Hitler which would make German invasion unnecessary. 15th Sep Berchtesgaden Chamberlain met Hitler to offer Sudeten Germans be detached from CZ. 22nd Sep Godesberg Hitler increased his demands- more of Cz & German troops to enter Sudetenland. Benes said no & mobilised Czech army Chamberlain takes the initiative

  6. 29th Sep Hitler invited Chamberlain & French PM Daladier .Mussolini’s plan was accepted. Sudetenland was given to Germany, & rest of Czech. was guaranteed. Neither Russians or Czechoslovakians were invited. If the Czechs refused they would receive no help from GB or France Chamberlain returned home with “scrap of paper” It promised GB & Germany “ would renounce warlike intentions against each other & would use consultation to deal with any other question that may concern our two countries” Chamberlain declared that it was “peace for our time” Churchill called it “ a total unmitigated defeat”

  7. Many politicians felt Hitler could not be trusted Hitler now appreciated how keen Chamberlain was to avoid war Chamberlain did not appreciate hoe confident Hitler had become despite the escalation of Hitler’s demands at Godesberg Czechoslovakia was crippled by loss of industry. Slovakia started to demand independence & the President was pressured to “request German help” March 1939 German troops entered the rest of Czechoslovakia “by invitation” Even Chamberlain felt this was going too far Poland was now vulnerable Evaluation

  8. March 1939 Chamberlain assured Polish they would be safeguarded April 1939 Hitler demanded return of Danzig Seen by Poles as a prelude to invasion Fortified by pledged GB support Poles refused Distrust of USSR led to countries refusing to take advantage of offers of Russian help 24th August Russians grew tired & signed non-aggression pact with Germany Evaluation With Russia neutral Hitler was now convinced that France & GB would not intervene over Poland 1st Sep 1939 Hitler invades Poland Chamberlain still attempted to find a negotiated solution and only offered Hitler an ultimatum when pressure mounted in Parliament 11AM 3RD SEPTEMBER it expired and Britain was at war with Germany Poland

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