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MIRACLE IN PHILADEPHIA:

MIRACLE IN PHILADEPHIA:. THE CONSTITUTIONAL CONVENTION. JAMES MADISON. “FATHER OF THE CONSTITUTION”. MADISONIAN MODEL. MADISON’S MIND SET. THE NATIONAL PRINCIPLE. CURB STATE POWER FROM IRRESPONSIBLE POLICY AND ACTING AGAINST THE COMMON GOOD

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MIRACLE IN PHILADEPHIA:

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  1. MIRACLE IN PHILADEPHIA: THE CONSTITUTIONAL CONVENTION

  2. JAMES MADISON “FATHER OF THE CONSTITUTION”

  3. MADISONIAN MODEL MADISON’S MIND SET

  4. THE NATIONAL PRINCIPLE

  5. CURB STATE POWER FROM IRRESPONSIBLE POLICY AND ACTING AGAINST THE COMMON GOOD • NATIONAL POLICY INSTEAD OF COMPETING & CONTRADICTORY STATE POLICY

  6. ARTICLES DECENTRALIZE POWER TOO MUCH • ONE NATION, RATHER THAN A PACT OF SOVEREIGN STATES

  7. THWART TYRANNY OF THE MAJORITY

  8. PLACE AS MUCH GOVT. AS POSSIBLE BEYOND THE DIRECT CONTROL OF THE MAJORITY • SEPARATION OF POWERS • CHECKS AND BALANCES

  9. SUSPICION OF POWER

  10. DECENTRALIZE POWER IN CENTRAL GOVT. • CREATE AN “EXTENDED REPUBLIC” • INDIRECTLY ELECTED OFFICIALS

  11. MADISON'S IDEAS ON GOVT. SERVED AS THE BASIS FOR DISCUSSION AND DEBATE AT THE CONVENTION

  12. LONE NY DELEGATE ALEXANDER HAMILTON

  13. YOUNG (32) & ARROGANT FAVORED A STRONG CENTRAL GOVERNMENT

  14. CO-AUTHOR OF THE FEDERALIST

  15. “Why has government been instituted at all? Because the passions of men will not conform to the dictates of reason and justice, without constraint.” • -Alexander Hamilton-

  16. CT- AUTHOR OF THE GREAT OR CONNECTICUT COMPROMISE ROGER SHERMAN

  17. The upper house (Senate) would have equal representation and be elected by the lower house The lower house (House of Representatives) would be subject to proportional representation

  18. MA DELEGATE- WOULD LEAD FIGHT AGAINST RATIFICATION ELBRIDGE GERRY

  19. "I had rather be a free citizen of the small republic of Massachusetts, than an oppressed subject of the great American empire."-Elbridge Gerry-

  20. THE MEETING AGENDA

  21. AREAS OF AGREEMENT

  22. HUMAN NATURE 1. PEOPLE ARE SELF-INTERESTED

  23. 2. PEOPLE LIKE, AND ABUSE, POWER

  24. 3. FACTIONS INEVITABLE & LEAD TO POLITICAL CONFLICT

  25. “faction, a number of citizens, whether amounting to a majority or a minority of the whole, who are united and actuated by some common impulse of passion, or of interest, adversed to the rights of other citizens, or to the permanent and aggregate interests of the community.” - James Madison, Federalist 10

  26. TO DESTROY THEM WOULD BE TO DESTROY LIBERTY

  27. TO GO UNCHECKED FACTIONS WILL DESTROY GOVT.

  28. “But what is government itself but the greatest of all reflections on human nature? If men were angels, no government would be necessary.” – James Madison-

  29. 4. GOAL OR PURPOSE OF GOVT. WAS TO PROTECT & PRESERVE PROPERTY RIGHTS

  30. 5. GOVERNMENT MUST BE BALANCED STATE GOVT. NAT'L GOVT.

  31. 6. POWER NEEDS TO BE DISPERSED

  32. POWER CHECKING POWER

  33. POWER CHECKING POWER

  34. “the great security against a (tyranny), consists in giving to those who administer each department the necessary constitutional means and personal motives to resist encroachments of the others. Ambition must be made to counteract ambition.” - James Madison, Federalist 51-

  35. AREAS OF DISAGREEMENT

  36. 1. REPRESENTATION DISAGREEMENTS: PEOPLE OR STATES?

  37. BIG v. SMALL STATES

  38. VIRGINIA OR LARGE STATE PLAN RUTLEDGE & MADISON

  39. ELECT ELECT LOWER HOUSE UPPER HOUSE

  40. ELECT WHO SAID "NO WAY!"? ELECT LOWER HOUSE UPPER HOUSE

  41. NEW JERSEY OR SMALL STATE PLAN WILLIAM PATERSON

  42. EQUALLY REPRESENTED

  43. MAJOR STALEMATE HOW WAS IT RESOLVED?

  44. 2 EACH ELECT COMPROMISE

  45. SLAVERY DISAGREEMENTS: SHOULD SLAVES BE COUNTED AND TAXED?

  46. YES TO COUNTING NO TO TAXING SLAVES- WHY?

  47. NO TO COUNTING YES TO TAXING SLAVES- WHY?

  48. MAJOR STALEMATE HOW WAS IT RESOLVED?

  49. 140,178 + 3/5 108,895 140,178 + 65,337 = 205,515 3/5 COMPROMISE

  50. ECONOMICS & DISAGREEMENTS COMMERCE COMPROMISES

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