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The Restoration 1625-1798

The Restoration 1625-1798. Charles II (r. 1625-1649). Charles I’s clashes with Parliament led to revolt and his execution in 1649. The English Civil War. The Puritan Oliver Cromwell and Parliament ruled until Cromwell’s death in 1658, but his policies

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The Restoration 1625-1798

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  1. The Restoration 1625-1798 Charles II (r. 1625-1649)

  2. Charles I’s clashes with Parliament led to revolt and his execution in 1649. The English Civil War • The Puritan Oliver Cromwell and • Parliament ruled until Cromwell’s • death in 1658, but his policies • had alienated much of the country.

  3. Tired of the wars and contention of the past 20 • years, Parliament invited Charles II back from exile • In France The Restoration of the Monarchy • Charles brought back with him • a love of fashion, theater, • and the arts.

  4. James II succeeded Charles II in 1685. More Trouble • A devout Catholic, James clashed with • Parliament over religion.

  5. In 1688 Parliament invited Mary, the protestant • daughter of the king, and her husband, • William of Orange to rule jointly. The Glorious Revolution • Charles II fled to France, no • blood was shed, and there • was much rejoicing.

  6. In 1689 Parliament passed a • bill of rights, limiting the power • of the monarchy Limiting Royal Power • In succeeding years, a cabinet • of ministers led by the prime • minister would gradually • begin to rule England.

  7. As agricultural practices improved, towns • and cities grew because less workers were • needed on farms. Social Trends • Industrialization and inventions • after 1750 led to growth of • large factories in cities • and increased wealth.

  8. “How” questions replaced “Why” questions • about nature, the human body, and the • universe. The Enlightenment--The Age of Reason • Most philosophers and • scientists remained very • religious. • View of God changed, • with Deism becoming • widely accepted • among intellectuals.

  9. The Enlightenment--The Age of Reason • Superstitions concerning • natural phenomena • were dispelled. • Edmund Halley predicted • the path of comets • and when they would • occur.

  10. The Enlightenment--The Age of Reason • By the end of this era progress, for many, • was equated with misery. • Some began to lose faith in man’s ability • to solve every problem with reason.

  11. Writing of the Restoration • The style was witty, sophisticated, and • self-conscious. • There was a fondness for • satire. • Aphorisms—short statements • that express a viewpoint or • truth—were popular. Samuel Johnson

  12. Writing of the Restoration • Influenced by Greek and Roman writers. • Often referred to myths, gods, and heroes • of ancient times. • Writing is often called • neoclassical. AlexanderPope

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