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CHAPTER 12 PROBLEM SET

CHAPTER 12 PROBLEM SET. PROBLEM 1. TRUE/FALSE (a) If the existing monopolistic firms in an industry realize sizable economic profits in the short-run, the demand curves of existing firms will decrease and become more elastic.

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CHAPTER 12 PROBLEM SET

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  1. CHAPTER 12PROBLEM SET

  2. PROBLEM 1 TRUE/FALSE (a) If the existing monopolistic firms in an industry realize sizable economic profits in the short-run, the demand curves of existing firms will decrease and become more elastic. (b) The similarity between monopolistic and monopoly is that both types of firms charge prices higher than their marginal costs.

  3. PROBLEM 2 TRUE/FALSE (a) When a monopolistically competitive firm is in long-run equilibrium, it breaks even. (b) In the long run, an oligopolist usually breaks even. (c) With a kinked demand curve, firm’s costs can change without resulting in a change in price and output.

  4. PROBLEM 3 Firma monopolistik mempunyai kuasa untuk menentukan harga, oleh itu keluk permintaannya adalah • berkecerunan negatif • berkecerunan positif • mendatar • menegak

  5. PROBLEM 4 Dalam keadaan pasaran yang manakah dari berikut, sebuah firma harus memperhitungkan pesaing-pesaingnya sebelum mengambil keputusan menurunkan harga ? • monopoli • oligopoli • persaingan bermonopoli • monopolistik • persaingan sempurna

  6. PROBLEM 5 Dalam jangka panjang, keuntungan firma dalam pasaran monopolistik adalah sifar sebab • Kebebasan masuk dan keluar industri • Sekatan masuk dan keluar industri • Mengeluarkan produk yang homogenous. • Pulang malar ikut skala

  7. PROBLEM 6 Sekiranya untung positif diperolehi oleh firma-firma monopolistik dalam jangka pendek, ini akan • Menarik firma lain masuk ke industri dalam jangka panjang dan keluk penawaran jangka pendek akan beralih ke kanan • Menarik firma lain masuk ke industri dalam jangka panjang dan keluk penawaran jangka pendek akan beralih ke kiri • Menyebabkan firma yang tersedia ada keluar dari industri dalam jangka panjang dan keluk penawaran jangka pendek akan beralih ke kanan. • Menyebabkan firma yang tersedia ada keluar dari industri dalam jangka panjang dan keluk penawaran jangka pendek akan beralih ke kiri.

  8. PROBLEM 7 Di antara berikut yang manakah adalah benar mengenai Model Bertrand? • adalah oligopoli • Firma berturut-turut memotong harga sehingga mencapai keputusan persaingan sempurna • menetapkan outputnya dengan kepercayaan bahawa firma yang satu lagi akan mengekalkan harganya • Semua di atas adalah benar

  9. PROBLEM 8 Di antara berikut yang manakah adalah sebab utama kegagalan kartel • Menarik firma lain masuk ke industri dalam jangka panjang • Menyebabkan firma yang tersedia ada keluar dari industri dalam jangka panjang • Firma ahli cuba menipu pada harga dan output yang telah dipersetujui • Mengeluarkan barang yang boleh dibezakan • Semua di atas adalah benar.

  10. PROBLEM 9 Di antara berikut yang manakah adalah benar mengenai Model Cournot? • mengandaikan bahawa firma yang satu lagi akan mengekalkan harganya. • mengandaikan bahawa firma yang satu lagi akan mengekalkan tingkat outputnya • Setiap firma akan bertindak demi kepentingan diri, diberi andaian bagaimana pesaing akan bertindak • Tidak berpakat/bersuhabat dengan firma-firma bagi pemaksimuman untung bersama • I sahaja • I, III dan IV sahaja • II, III dan IV sahaja • Semua di atas adalah benar

  11. PROBLEM 10 All of the following statements describe some aspect of the Cournot model except: • Each firm acts in its own best interest, given the assumption of how its competitor will react • There is neither an explicit nor implicit agreement among the firms for joint profit maximization • Industry price is established between the monopoly and competitive • Each firm assumes the other will keep its price level constant • Each firm assumes the other will keep its output level constant

  12. PROBLEM 11 The typical firm in monopolistically competitive industry resembles perfectly competitive firms in that firms in both industries: • Earn no excess or economic profit in the long run • Face a downward-sloping demand curve for their products • Produce standardized products • In the long run, operate at the minimum points in their respective average total cost curves • Face no freedom of entry into and exit from the industry

  13. PROBLEM 12 Suppose that the typical firm in a monopolistically competitive industry earns an economic profit and new firms enter. This entry will eventually cause: • The firm’s demand curve to shift to the right • The firm’s average total cost curve to shift upward • The industry demand curve to shift upward • The firm’s demand curve to shift downward and to the left • None of the above is correct

  14. PROBLEM 13 Examine the short-run graph given for a monopolistically competitive firm. MC $ ATC 14 10 9 D 20 30 45 MR Units of output

  15. PROBLEM 13 (cont): • What is the profit-maximizing level of output? • What price will be charge in the short-run? • How much are short-run total revenue, total cost and total profit? • Describe what will happen to this firm in the long run.

  16. 4, 2 4, 4 Firm A P2 P1 P1 2, 2 6, 4 Firm B P2 PROBLEM 14 Firm A & B produce P1 and P2 racing car. Only one can successfully produce for both markets because of the limited market. The following payoff matrix illustrates the problem. (a) Find the Nash equilibrium. (b) What would Firm B choose to do if it followed a maximin strategy? (c) What would both firms do if they both followed a maximin strategy?

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