1 / 23

Taste and olfaction

Taste and olfaction. Morfology and embryology. Organum gustatorium Taste apparatus. Gemma gustatoria (Caliculus gustatorius) = taste bud Porus gustatorius Tongue , soft palate, valeculae, epiglottis Taste pathway – 3 neurons. Gemma gustatoria taste bud. Development during 11. – 13. week

cira
Télécharger la présentation

Taste and olfaction

An Image/Link below is provided (as is) to download presentation Download Policy: Content on the Website is provided to you AS IS for your information and personal use and may not be sold / licensed / shared on other websites without getting consent from its author. Content is provided to you AS IS for your information and personal use only. Download presentation by click this link. While downloading, if for some reason you are not able to download a presentation, the publisher may have deleted the file from their server. During download, if you can't get a presentation, the file might be deleted by the publisher.

E N D

Presentation Transcript

  1. Taste and olfaction Morfology and embryology

  2. Organum gustatoriumTaste apparatus • Gemma gustatoria (Caliculus gustatorius) = taste bud • Porus gustatorius • Tongue, soft palate, valeculae, epiglottis • Taste pathway – 3 neurons

  3. Gemmagustatoriataste bud • Development during 11. – 13. week • Cells penetrate from chorda tympani, n. IX, and n. X • Reaction with fastened swallowing and mimics (26.týden) • Three types of cells – totally 100 - 150 • taste cells. (epiteliocytus gustatorius) – microvilli • 3 types of cells • Secondary receptors (type I) • Epitheliocytus sensorius gustatorius type II and III • Supportive cells (epiteliocytus sustenans) • basal cells (epiteliocytus basalis) – type IV

  4. Gustus = taste • Basic taste • sweet, salty, bitter, sour, umami (sodium glutamate) • other (fat) • Each bud percieves all tastes • Located on p. vallate, foliate and fungiformae

  5. Projection→ ascending → Sensorytaste path 3 – neuronal path • neuron: • Soft pallate  nn. palatini minores  ganglion pterygopalatinum (! w/o interpolation !)  n. petrosus major  ganglion geniculi  n. intermedius  nucleus tractus solitarii • ventral 2/3 tongue (= dorsum linguae)  n. lingualis  chorda tympani  n. intermedius  nucleus tractus solitarii • dorsal 1/3 tongue (= radix linguae)  n. IX  ganglion inf. et sup. n. IX  nucleus tractus solitarii • epiglottis, aditus laryngis  n. X  ganglion inf. et sup. n. X.  nucleus tractus solitarii • neuron: nucleus tractus solitarri  thalamus (nucleus ventralis posteromedialis), to motor nuclei of cn, RF • neuron: thalamus  brain cortex /lobus parietalis - area 43, gyrus postcentralis/ and anterior insulay, gyrus parahippocampalis and habenula ncl. parabrachialis  limbic cortex of telencephalon (shortcut bypass thalamus)

  6. Organum oflactoriumČichové ústrojí • čichová sliznice v nosní dutině • strop, horní skořepa a stěny • 5 cm2 • čichový epitel • čichová dráha (n.I)

  7. 6-8 cilias, 107 bipolar neurons, regio olfactoria=4-6 cm2

  8. Olfactory epithelium • cca 13. – 15. week – differentiation of epithelium • Four types of cells • Basal cells (Epitheliocytus basalis) • Unmature cells („globose cells“) • Mature cells (Epitheliocytus neurosensorius olfactorius) – cilie, axon • Primary receptor • Supportive cells (Epitheliocytus sustenans) – nuclei apically • Olfactory glands – Bowman • Serous secret, odorant-binding protein, IgA

  9. Preparát 96 / A1

  10. Pheromonal substances in male (better known) Androstenol – create sexual appetite in female Androstenol is brought down by axillary Corynebacterium to androstenon that is aversive (urea) Androstenon – creates sexual aversion in females

  11. Pheromones in female? • Androstadion? • 5 ovulatory fatty acids? (release during ovulation) • Evidence: • Synchro females cycles and its higher frequency if living together • (In Berlin center for human etology)

  12. Projection→ ascending → SensoryOlfactory path 2 - neurons • neuron: neuroepithelial cells in pars olfactoria cavitatis nasi  fila olfactoria pass via lamina cribrosa ossis etmoidalis into skull cavity • neuron: mitral cells in bulbus olactorius  tractus olfactorius  trigonum olfactorium  gyri olfactorii med. et lat. (= former stria)  two principal direction: • limbic system - corpus amygdaloideum + lobus temporalis (uncus gyri parahippocampalis, area entorhinalis /area 28/, periamygdalar cortex, prepiriform cortex) and from here to hypothalamus and insula • nuclues mediodorsalis thalami - orbitofrontal cortex /area 11, (12,47)/

More Related