INFT 13-312 / 73-312 COMPUTER ORGANIZATION & OPERATING SYSTEMS

1. INFT 13-312 / 73-312 COMPUTER ORGANIZATION & OPERATING SYSTEMS

2. Presented by: Erica Santosaputri-- 12606283 YiQian Wang--12621927 (Jackie) Qi Zhang --11090869

3. Why dual-systems • But Linux is faster, cheaper, more efficient, more stable • Some application software are not available • For Linux (eg. Quicken, TurboTax, Adobe Acrobat, Atomica) • For Windows • Window’s problems (next slide)

4. Problems with Windows OS • Most factory-installed Windows installations take up all the space on your hard drive, leaving no room for installing Linux. Therefore, we must clear some space where Linux can be installed. • Linux needs to have partitions of its own, but Windows does not have the ability to resize partitions. Ordinarily, this would mean you would have to delete your existing partition to make room on the drive and create partitions of smaller sizes and reinstall.

5. How to install dual-OS systems • Install two hard disks, one for Windows, one for Linux. • Partition one hard disk, so it has multi operating system upon it, which can be DOS, Win95, Win98, Win NT, or Win2K with Linux.

6. In Two Hard Disks • One hard disk install the dos/windows, another one install Linux. • When turn on the computer, go to CMOS to choose which hard disk (operating system) should be used to boot.

7. Partition in One Hard Disk • Why partition---Different file system. • The Linux use native partition and swap partition. But Linux can not use either FAT or NTFS yet. • Linux and other operating system must be installed in different partition.

8. How to Partition One Hard Disk • Use Fdisk to divide a hard disk, which does not have any operating system. • A hard disk with windows system already, use FIPS to ‘RESIZE’ the hard disk.(defragment the hard disk before use FIPS, back up system recommended) • A hard disk with Linux system already. Boot Linux by Bootdisk, then re-run Lilo to overwrite the windows boot program.

9. About FIPS • Linux distributions come with a special tool to allow you to resize or divide hard drive partitions. • FIPS, the First (non-destructive) Interactive Partition Splitter, normally found on your Linux CD in a directory called /dosutils. • You will also need a blank, formatted floppy disk to use as a boot disk.

10. Installation • Linux First • Windows First

11. Installing Linux First • A hard disk with Linux system already. Boot Linux by Bootdisk, then re-run Lilo to overwrite the windows boot program

12. Installing Windows first • Install the windows system in one partition first(except the last partition). • Linux system should install in the last partition. • Boot with windows system, then the Linux partition can not be seen.

13. Installing Windows first(Con’t) • Make a Bootdisk when installing Linux. • When installed the Linux, the system will ask user choose the Lilo installation.

14. Installing Windows first(con’t) • Master Boot Record. • First Sector of Boot Partition.

15. Installing Windows first(con’t) • The ‘master boot record’ will go to Lilo. • The user can choose operating system by use the tab.

16. Installing Windows first(con’t) • The ‘First Sector of Boot Partition’ will use the Bootdisk to boot computer into Linux. • Normally the computer will boot with ‘c:’. • The WinNT/Win2K OS loader can be used to choose different OS.(MS-DOS, Window9x).

17. How to Dual Boot? • Using LILO • Using OS loader • Using a third software as emulator or communicator

18. Boot with Lilo • LInux LOader • Most Linux can detect the windows partition. • However, sometimes need to edit the /ect/lilo.conf as root user

19. Edit /ect/lilo.conf • boot=/dev/hda root=/dev/hda2 install=/boot/boot.b map=/boot/map image=/boot/vmlinuz    label=Linux    read-only other=/dev/hda1    label=windows    table=/dev/hda

20. Edit /ect/lilo.conf(con’t) • The section labeled "other" may need to add by hand. • /dev/hda1 is the first partition on an IDE disk (C:, in Windows). The second partition (D:, in Linux) would be /dev/hda2

21. Boot with Lilo(con’t) • LILO accomplishes start system by reading a configuration file (/etc/lilo.conf) • After modifications to lilo.conf, must run a program (/sbin/lilo) to actually write those changes to the boot sector of the hard drive.

22. Boot with Lilo(con’t) • If the windows system is win95 or win98 it should work. • If the windows system is winNT or win2K, the change should make in the windows side.

23. Boot with OS loader • The NT OS loader likes to have the boot sector from the other operating systems available as a file. It reads this file and starts the operating system selected, i.e. either Windows NT in different Modes or any other OS.

24. Boot with OS loader(con’t) • In the win NT side, edit the file c:\\boot.ini. • Remove the read-only-attribute before modify with following: C:\attrib -s -r c:\boot.ini • Add C:\BOOTSECT.LNX="Linux" in the file.

25. Boot with OS loader(con’t) • Restore the attributes after you have saved boot.ini with: C:\attrib +s +r c:\boot.ini • Restart

26. Boot with OS loader(con’t) • What you can see now: OS Loader V4.00 Please select the operating system to start:   Windows NT Workstation Version 4.0 Windows NT Workstation Version 4.0 [VGA mode] Linux  Select Linux and see  LILO loading zImage ....

27. Third software • Wine • Win4Lin • VMware • Bochs

28. Third software (con’t) • Partition magic • Boot magic • GRUB • Boot Part • Disk Drake

29. Wine • Feature • It is not an emulator • one of the oldest examples of such software • Open source package • Implements the Windows 3.1 and Win32 APIs directly under Linux and X

30. Wine • Advantages • Cost effective • Easy to install • Can run either with or without partition

31. Wine • Disadvantages: • Supporting not many application software • Cannot be run on a kernel • an unhandled exception and hung.

32. Wine • Hardware Requirements • requires an Intel or compatible processor

33. Wine • When to use • Just need to run Windows programs occasionally

34. Wine • Installation • http://www.la-sorciere.de/wine/index.html

35. Win4Lin • Features • Version 3.0 • running Windows applications on Linux • Installation of it actually installs Windows for you

36. Win4Lin • Advantages • Relatively fast installation process • Cost efficiency

37. Win4Lin • Disadvantages • Complicate installation

38. Win4Lin • When to use • Need to run a large range of Windows programs • Need a more faithful Windows environment but can live with Windows 9x • Do not need to use Windows NT or Windows 2000

39. Win4Lin • Hardware & Software Requirements • Intel® Pentium®-class or compatible processor recommended • 32MB of memory (64 MB recommended)CD-ROM drive • Floppy drive (if your Windows installation CD is not bootable) • 20 MB disk space for Win4Lin • 40 MB - 135 MB additional disk space for Windows system files Additional disk space required for applications. • Sound cards that are Open Sound System (OSS) compatible

40. Win4Lin • Software Requirements: • Linux kernel 2.2.X or 2.4.X • Microsoft Windows 95/98 (one license per user) • Microsoft Windows 95/98 full installation CD andboot floppy disk if CD is not bootable • X Window System (16-bit color recommended)Root user access

41. Win4Lin • Supporting Linux • Red Hat® Linux - 6.0, 6.1, 6.2, 7.0, 7.1CalderaTM OpenLinux - 2.3Caldera eDesktop - 2.4, 3.1SuSETM Linux - 6.4, 7.0, 7.1Linux-MandrakeTM - 7.1, 7.2, 8.0 • Supporting Windows • Microsoft® Windows 95/98

42. Win4Lin • Installation • Install the custom kernel • Install Win4Lin • run “install-win4lin.sh” • Install RPM (perform that step as root) • Install Windows on your system • using the “winsetup” command(perform that step as root) • Set up a personal copy of Windows 9x again, using the winsetup command

43. VMware • Features • Provides a very complete virtual machine environment that emulates an Intel x86-based computer, • Runs under either Linux or Windows NT as the host operating system

44. VMware • When to use • Need to run Windows NT or Windows 2000 • Need Windows applications that require Microsoft WindowsNetworking

45. VMware • Advantages • VMware provides much extra functionality

46. VMware • Disadvantages • Expensive

47. VMware • Hardware Requirements • Standard x86-based host machine • 266MHz or faster processor that supports the Pentium instruction set, includeIntel: Pentium Pro, Celeron, Pentium II, Pentium IIIAMD: K6-2, K6-III, Athlon (K7) • Multiprocessor systems supported • RAM memory Minimum: 96MB; recommended: 128MB • Video adapter supported by the XFree86 Server (to take advantage of the Workstation full-screen option)

48. VMware • Special requirement when having Windows OS first • Greater than 256 color (8 bit depth) display adapter required • Optional Ethernet adapter (required for bridged mode networking)

49. VMware (for Linux) • Installation (Con’t) • Install the Workstation software and license. • Configure a new virtual machine using the Configuration Wizard. • Install a guest operating system in the new virtual machine. • Install the VMware Tools package inside your virtual machine for enhanced performance. • Start using your virtual machine.

50. VMware (for Windows NT and 2000) • Installation • Install the Workstation software and license. • Configure a new virtual machine using the Configuration Wizard. • Install a guest operating system in the new virtual machine. • Install the VMware Tools package inside your virtual machine for enhanced performance. • Start using your virtual machine.