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PRA

PRA. Roeland Kindt. Outline. Introduction Basic rules for surveys What is PRA PRA tools Selection of respondents. Participatory Rural Appraisal. focus on local knowledge information sharing and analysis (shared learning)

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PRA

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Presentation Transcript

  1. PRA Roeland Kindt

  2. Outline • Introduction • Basic rules for surveys • What is PRA • PRA tools • Selection of respondents

  3. Participatory Rural Appraisal • focus on local knowledge • information sharing and analysis (shared learning) • avoid miscommunication (questionnaires), include marginal groups, qualitative information

  4. Basic rules for surveys • Hypothesis • Information for hypothesis testing • Systematic sampling and data collection • Secondary sources, cross-checking • Confirmation (statistical analysis) • Generation of new hypotheses

  5. Participation

  6. PRA principles • Participatory • Systems theory • Teamwork • Systematic practice, but flexible • Indigenous Knowledge • Semi-structured interviews (next page)

  7. Semi-structured interviews • Open-ended, interactive and informal • Protocol • Probing • Successive iteration • Triangulation • Creative/optimal ignorance • Attitude

  8. PRA tools / exercises • Facilitate communication and reflection • easy, fun, participation • visual • not technique-led • combine with SSI approach • sequence of large groups (participation) to key informants (gaps, sensitive topics)

  9. generate ideas sensitive topics oral and visual cultures memory care for visual perception differences Diagrams Image from IIRR. 1996. Recording and using indigenous knowledge.

  10. Mapping • locations • relationships • legend, direction • historical maps Image from IIRR. 1996. Recording and using indigenous knowledge.

  11. Transects • uni-dimensional map • section by section (systematic, much information) Image from IIRR. 1996. Recording and using indigenous knowledge.

  12. Matrices • Various characteristics for various items (comparisons) • qualitative (preferences) or quantitative (proxies) information Image from IIRR. 1996. Recording and using indigenous knowledge.

  13. Sorting and ranking • Direct (matrix, pile) • Ranking better than sorting for analysis • Pairwise or triadic comparisons: reveal inconsistencies, but longer (only for small numbers of items) • n! / g! (n-g!) with n: number of items, g: groups of comparison • n=5, g=2,3: 10 comparisons needed • n=10, g=2: 45 comparisons needed • n=10, g=3: 120 comparisons needed

  14. Selection of respondents • Description of population: (stratified) random selection • Key informants (specialists of specific topics): targeted selection Image from IIRR. 1996. Recording and using indigenous knowledge.

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