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Web Servers / Deployment

Web Servers / Deployment. Alastair Dawes Original by Bhupinder Reehal. What is a web server?. Computer with a software package Manages and shares web based applications Files retrieved via a web browser Using HTTP protocol Accessed via IP address/Domain name Types of Servers Local

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Web Servers / Deployment

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  1. Web Servers / Deployment Alastair Dawes Original by Bhupinder Reehal

  2. What is a web server? • Computer with a software package • Manages and shares web based applications • Files retrieved via a web browser • Using HTTP protocol • Accessed via IP address/Domain name • Types of Servers • Local • Service Providers

  3. Issues with Web Servers • Local Server • Security • Maintenance • Service Providers • User Support • Limited support of technology • Sensitive information exposed

  4. Local Servers • Testing purposes • Time consuming to upload to external server • Windows • IIS • Download and Install web server software • Apache Web Server • Abyss Web Server X1

  5. Apache Web Server “. . .63% of the web sites on the Internet are using Apache, thus making it more widely used than all other web servers combined" Apache.org • Install server before any other technologies • PHP • MySQL • Configure themselves for the server

  6. Using Apache Web Server Software • Database and PHP hosted on Server • PHP executed on Server • Install • Web Server Software • MySQL Database • PHP • Front end for MySQL database (optional) • MySQL Control Centre • MySQL Administrator

  7. Using Internet Information Server (IIS) • Installed on Windows 2000 server by default • Use Add/Remove to install components • Use Inetpub root directory to store files • To access files • http://servername/filename

  8. Web Server Requirements • Server must support • Database • Server Side Scripting Language • Unable to communicate without support • If using a Service Provider • Where will the database be stored?

  9. Database with a Service Provider • Most provide a GUI • Create database and tables online • Update database via service provider website • Import and export your database

  10. How secure is your web server? • Public websites are hacked on a daily basis • Hackers may be seeking to: • Embarrass an organisation • Placement of illegitimate material • Can your files be easily accessed? • How will you protect your server? • Firewall Security

  11. Firewall Security • Protect using • Software Firewalls • Hardware Routers • Wireless Routers • Protects against unauthorised access and viruses • Windows XP in-built firewall

  12. Software Firewalls • Good for single computers • Pro’s • No requirement for additional software • No requirement for additional computer wiring • Cons • Speed – uses system resources

  13. Hardware Routers • Provide protection for multiple computers • If they have a hardware firewall • At least 4 network ports • Requires wiring

  14. Wireless Routers • Allows wireless connection • Excellent for laptops, PDA’s etc • Unauthorised access • Encryption • Wired Equivalent Privacy (WEP) • Wi-Fi Protected Access (WPA and WPA2) • Neighbours • People outside home Not always available with built-in firewall

  15. Importance of a Firewall • Hackers with malicious intent • Delete information • Crash machine • Steal personal information • Passwords • Credit Card Numbers

  16. Maintenance • Keep software up to date • Web Server software • Firewall security • Virus checkers • Regular virus checks • Regular Back-ups

  17. How will your web files be accessed? • Client/Server Communication • A web browser is a client program that requests services from a web server • Hypertext Transport Protocol (HTTP) • The web server responds to the request • File requests also made using File Transfer Protocol (FTP)

  18. Client/Server Communication Example Client requests details from bank using HTTP

  19. Web page deployment • Web files need to be: • Stored • Retrieved • Updated • How will files be transferred? • Local Server • Transfer to root folder • External Server • FTP

  20. What is FTP? • File Transfer Protocol • Transfers files between server and client • Two Basic operations • Downloading • Uploading

  21. How to use FTP • Requires username and password • Anonymous – not secure • Easily accessible using web browser • Different protocol identifier e.g. HTTP or FTP • ftp://username:password@webaddress.com • Command Line • Using and ‘Get’ and ‘Put’ • FTP Programs • Provide a GUI • CuteFTP, FileZilla, SmartFTP

  22. Using a web browser - IE Upload Download

  23. Using Command Line • Open FTP connection • Enter username and password • Use ‘Get’ command to download a file • Use ‘Put’ command to upload a file

  24. Using an FTP program - SmartFTP Username Password Client Files Files on Server Transfer Queue

  25. Summary • Web server setup • Protecting your server • Maintenance • Web page deployment

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