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ACMECS and Thailand

Office of The National Economic and Social Development Board. ACMECS and Thailand . Dr. Porametee Vimolsiri Senior Advisor. Workshop on Investment, Trade and Transport Facilitation in ACMECS. Outline. Overview of ACMECS Priority Areas : Existing Condition & Constraints

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ACMECS and Thailand

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  1. Office of The National Economic and Social Development Board ACMECS and Thailand Dr. Porametee Vimolsiri Senior Advisor Workshop on Investment, Trade and Transport Facilitation in ACMECS

  2. Outline • Overview of ACMECS • Priority Areas : Existing Condition & Constraints - Trade & Investment - Transport • How to overcome? - Role of Thailand

  3. ACMECS Myanmar Lao PDR Thailand Vietnam Cambodia Members : Cambodia LaoPDRMyanmarThailandand Viet Nam Population : 213 mil. Areas: 1.94 mil. Kms2 Total GDP: 225,110 mil. USD Established since 2003 Initiated and Drived by member countries South China Sea Andaman sea Siam Gulf

  4. Rationale : Why We need ACMECS? Korea Afghanistan China Japan Pakistan Bangladesh India Myanmar Laos Thailand Vietnam Philippines Cambodia Sri Lanka Malaysia Brunei Singapore Indonesia Existing Forum --- GMS/BIMSTEC/IMT-GT/JDS

  5. Connectivity Competitiveness - Economic Corridors - ACMECS (Sister Cities) - Cross-border Transport Agreement - Single Stop Inspection 15 Year of Cooperation : Much Progress on Transport ; Software for Trade and Investment are in Process Competitiveness Connectivity Community - Trade Facilitation/ Trade Logistics - Development Partners - Infrastructure Utilization Private Participation Social + Global Software Development Hardware Development GMS Master Plan Formulation - Road Network Connectivity - Power Grid Line 2012 1992 1993 1994 1995 1996 1997 2001 2002 2005

  6. Imbalance of Economic and Social Development * Based on National Poverty Line ** Measures Degree to Which an Economy’s Income Distribution Diverges from Perfect Equal Distribution

  7. Underutilization of ACMECS Core Value

  8. Important development Agenda GMS -- Connectivity Competitiveness Community ACMECS – Co-Production, Sister Cities BIMSTEC -- New Emerging Economies Poverty Eradication Anti Terrorism JDS –Stability &Security IMT-GT –Avail Influenza Energy Tsunami Earthquake Security

  9. Development Strategy of ACMECS PRC Chiang Rai Myanmar Develop Sister Cities as a production bases Lao PDR Mukdahan -Savannakhet MaeSod-Myawaddy Danang Yangon EWEC NSEC BKK. Vietnam Andaman Sea Cambodia SEC Trad- Koh Kong Hochiminh City Gulf of Thailand

  10. Co-Production Concept MYAMAR City SMEs by Industrial Clusters Border Line Road Link Checkpoint Border Market THAI City SMEs by Industrial Clusters Economic Zone

  11. ACMECS : Goals & Benefits • Bridge the economic gap among the four countries and Promote prosperity in the sub-region in a sustainable manner. • Transform the border areas of the five countries into zones of economic growth, social progress and prosperity, and to blend local, national and regional interests for common benefits, shared prosperity, enhanced solidarity, peace, stability and good neighborliness. • Act as a catalyst to build upon existing regional cooperation programs, and complement bilateral frameworks, and move ASEAN forward

  12. Trade and Investment

  13. MYA THA LAO CAM VIE PRCyn 54.4 176 2,544 64.2 406 5.8 13.1 348 82.1 500 44.2 681 1990s % Intra-GMS trade to total trade 2004 Population(million) GDP per Capita(Current, $) Trade Opportunity: Intra-GMS Likewise, tremendous potential for intra-GMS trade has been shown during the past decade. Note: Population and GDP per capita in 2004 Source: ADB

  14. 1. Cost of Starting/Doing Business • Doing business in the GMS takes more time and resources on the average compared to other countries in the region (56-198 Days Vs 52 days) • Lack of Sufficient/Standard Information • Difficulties in Finding Focal Point and Partners

  15. 2. Regulatory Impediments Legal and regulatory framework for trade is largely primitive or restrictive in most ACMECS countries Difference in Level of Development among countries leads to the protection of domestic market A number of quantitative restrictions, such as import licensing, and other non-tariff measures still exist Non- Tariff Barriers (NTBs)

  16. 2. Regulatory Impediments (2) Inter-country and intra-country differences in rules and proceduresi.e. Customs Inherent weaknesses in the system of recording &monitoring border trade, including transit trade. Phenomenon Expansion of Informal Trade Inconsistency in Implementation of laws & regulations (National-wide and Regional-wide) Transparency of the Procedures

  17. 3. Trade Logistics Inefficient multimodal transport infrastructure Ineffective logistic system i.e. competitive carriers and service providers; competent transport intermediaries; and fast, efficient, and transparent cross-border procedures Relatively High Cost Less Competitiveness in Global Value Chain

  18. 4. Institutions/Private Sector institutions and organizations dealing with and supporting business remain underdeveloped. Financial institutions often have very restricted lending practices to private businesses. Educational and technical support institutions are understaffed, ill equipped, and unable to meet the demands of modern industry. Business associations are relatively weak. Less Competitiveness in Global Value Chain/Network Insufficient Capacity Building for Private Sector

  19. Transport

  20. Road Transport Network 2005 2015

  21. Key Issues and Challenges • Equitable sharing of benefits and costs of regional projects • Financing of needed infrastructure investments • Structuring public-private partnerships • Managing risks i.e. currency, investment risks, socio-economic impact of the project • Sustainable development in transport i.e. maintenance, capacity building, etc.

  22. How to Achieve ?

  23. Thailand’s Role in ACMECS As an Active Member Initiate ACMECS; Build Network with Development Partners; Act as Virtual Secretariat; Create Efficient Mechanism for Cooperation i.e. AWG; Border Committee As a Development Partners Provide Technical Assistances through TICA; Financial Assistances through NEDA; Implement Various Projects under Plan of Actions As a Business Supporter Create ACMECS Business Council; Create Favorable Business Environment through Various Development Projects; Simplified Complicate Business Process and Lower Logistics Cost.

  24. Economic Activities Along the Corridors Myanmar Lao PDR. Vietnam Thailand Chiang Rai SBEZ Yangon Sea Port 10,000-15,000DWT Mukdahan Distribution Center Savan-Seno SEZ Tak SBEZ Dansavan Lao Bao SEZ Hue(World Heritage) Khon Kaen Logistics Center/IE Mawlamying Dong Ha (Tourism) Pitsanulok Logistics Center Da Nang Deep Sea Port 35,000 DWT and Dung Quat IE Poipet Aranyaprathet Bangkok Ho Chi Minh Vung Tao Deep Sea Port Phnom Penh Trad Koh Kong กัมพูชา Malaysia Kota-Perdana

  25. Kunming PRC Myanmar 7 14 2 5 4 LaoPRC. 1 6 Yangon 8 Danang 3 9 13 Thailand 12 10 Dawei Trat Viet Nam Cambodia 11 Vung Tau Thailand’s Assistances to Neighboring Countries 16 Projects Total7,792 mil. baht Construction & Improvement of Roads, Bridges, Railways, Airports and Local Ports

  26. Joint Utilization of Airport Savannakhet - Mukdahan

  27. Flagship Initiatives: The Negotiation of All Annexes& Protocols has been finalized and Signed by March 2007, waiting for the ratification from countries. After ratification, full implementation of CBTA has scheduled in 2008 Cross-border Transport Agreement Single Stop Inspection First Step Second Step One Stop Service For CBTA in Thailand First step : Mukdahan, Aranyaprathet , Mae Sai, Mae Sot Second Step : Nong Khai, Chiang Kong, Chong Mek and Trat Thailand can Provide Assistance in Customs &Cross Broder Management to CLMV

  28. Industrial Estate and Economic Zone under ACMECS Savan Xeno SBEZ Chiang Rai SBEZ • Thialand’s Border Economic Zone • Tak SBEZ • Chiang Rai SBEZ Mae Sot SBEZ and IE in Myawaddy Pa-an Mawlamyine and Maw Taung Industrial Estate Establishment Thailand provide assistance to Myanmar LaoPDR and Cambodia Koh Kong Industrial Estate Existing Thailand’s SBEZ and IEAT’s projects in CLM Countries

  29. Other Attempts to Support ACMECS Facilitation of Import & MOU of Contract Farming; R&D on field crops,livestocks, SPS Tech Transfer Agriculture Thailand and Cambodia as a Pilot Project; Details had finalized, will signed MOU in 2007 Single VISA OSS at 10 Checkpoints in THA; Study of Wholesales Market & Distribution Centers in Cambodia; Providing AISP for CLMV products Trading Use of Local Currencies BOT’s Study finished.Implementing pilot projects at Commercial Banks at Thai-Lao borders. Regional Power Grids, Alternatives Energyi.e. Biofules,Biomass,Hydropower Energy Security Capacity Building Scholarship provided by Thailand and VN for Vocational Trainings and Other Areas Implementing Sister Cities; Coordination Mechanisms Established at the Local Level ACMECS Business Council at Local Level Community

  30. ACMECS Midterm Review (Cebu, January 2007) 1 3 4 Approved New Version of Plan of Actions and Promote Networking with Development Partners on resources mobilization Expedite Investment to Complete ACMECS Transportation Network and software to facilitate movement of goods, people, and tourism 2 Closer Relationship among Stakeholders i.e. Sister Cities, Central local government, Government & Private, People to People Priority Issues i.e. Contract Farming, Establishment of Rice Producing Countries Association, Alternative Energy i.e. NGV, Hydropower and Biofules, Public Health

  31. Thank you www.nesdb.go.th

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