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Boundless Lecture Slides

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Boundless Lecture Slides

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  1. Boundless Lecture Slides Available on the Boundless Teaching Platform Free to share, print, make copies and changes. Get yours at www.boundless.com

  2. Using Boundless Presentations Boundless Teaching Platform Boundless empowers educators to engage their students with affordable, customizable textbooks and intuitive teaching tools. The free Boundless Teaching Platform gives educators the ability to customize textbooks in more than 20 subjects that align to hundreds of popular titles. Get started by using high quality Boundless books, or make switching to our platform easier by building from Boundless content pre-organized to match the assigned textbook. This platform gives educators the tools they need to assign readings and assessments, monitor student activity, and lead their classes with pre-made teaching resources. Get started now at: • The Appendix The appendix is for you to use to add depth and breadth to your lectures. You can simply drag and drop slides from the appendix into the main presentation to make for a richer lecture experience. http://boundless.com/teaching-platform • Free to edit, share, and copy Feel free to edit, share, and make as many copies of the Boundless presentations as you like. We encourage you to take these presentations and make them your own. If you have any questions or problems please email: educators@boundless.com Free to share, print, make copies and changes. Get yours at www.boundless.com

  3. About Boundless • Boundless is an innovative technology company making education more affordable and accessible for students everywhere. The company creates the world’s best open educational content in 20+ subjects that align to more than 1,000 popular college textbooks. Boundless integrates learning technology into all its premium books to help students study more efficiently at a fraction of the cost of traditional textbooks. The company also empowers educators to engage their students more effectively through customizable books and intuitive teaching tools as part of the Boundless Teaching Platform. More than 2 million learners access Boundless free and premium content each month across the company’s wide distribution platforms, including its website, iOS apps, Kindle books, and iBooks. To get started learning or teaching with Boundless, visit boundless.com. Free to share, print, make copies and changes. Get yours at www.boundless.com

  4. Radioactivity Nuclear Chemistry Nuclear Reactions Nuclear Transmutation Nuclear Fission ] Nuclear Fusion Nuclear Chemistry Free to share, print, make copies and changes. Get yours at www.boundless.com

  5. Use of Isotopes Nuclear Chemistry(continued) Effects of Radiation on Life ] Nuclear Chemistry Free to share, print, make copies and changes. Get yours at www.boundless.com

  6. Nuclear Chemistry > Radioactivity Radioactivity • Discovery of Radioactivity • Modes of Radioactive Decay • Rate of Radioactive Decay • Half-Life of Radioactive Decay • Dating Using Radioactive Decay Free to share, print, make copies and changes. Get yours at www.boundless.com www.boundless.com/chemistry/textbooks/boundless-chemistry-textbook/nuclear-chemistry-19/radioactivity-134/

  7. Nuclear Chemistry > Nuclear Reactions Nuclear Reactions • Balancing Nuclear Equations • Nuclear Binding Energy and Mass Defect Free to share, print, make copies and changes. Get yours at www.boundless.com www.boundless.com/chemistry/textbooks/boundless-chemistry-textbook/nuclear-chemistry-19/nuclear-reactions-135/

  8. Nuclear Chemistry > Nuclear Transmutation Nuclear Transmutation • Particle Accelerator • Transuranium Elements Free to share, print, make copies and changes. Get yours at www.boundless.com www.boundless.com/chemistry/textbooks/boundless-chemistry-textbook/nuclear-chemistry-19/nuclear-transmutation-136/

  9. Nuclear Chemistry > Nuclear Fission Nuclear Fission • Nuclear Fission • The Atomic Bomb • Nuclear Reactors Free to share, print, make copies and changes. Get yours at www.boundless.com www.boundless.com/chemistry/textbooks/boundless-chemistry-textbook/nuclear-chemistry-19/nuclear-fission-137/

  10. Nuclear Chemistry > Nuclear Fusion Nuclear Fusion • Nuclear Fusion • Fusion Reactors • The Hydrogen Bomb Free to share, print, make copies and changes. Get yours at www.boundless.com www.boundless.com/chemistry/textbooks/boundless-chemistry-textbook/nuclear-chemistry-19/nuclear-fusion-138/

  11. Nuclear Chemistry > Use of Isotopes Use of Isotopes • Structural Determination • Study of Photosynthesis • Isotopes in Medicine Free to share, print, make copies and changes. Get yours at www.boundless.com www.boundless.com/chemistry/textbooks/boundless-chemistry-textbook/nuclear-chemistry-19/use-of-isotopes-139/

  12. Nuclear Chemistry > Effects of Radiation on Life Effects of Radiation on Life • Acute Radiation Damage • Increased Cancer Risk from Radiation • Genetic Defects from Radiation • Measuring Radiation Exposure Free to share, print, make copies and changes. Get yours at www.boundless.com www.boundless.com/chemistry/textbooks/boundless-chemistry-textbook/nuclear-chemistry-19/effects-of-radiation-on-life-140/

  13. Appendix Free to share, print, make copies and changes. Get yours at www.boundless.com

  14. Nuclear Chemistry Key terms • alchemyThe ancient search for a universal panacea, and for the philosopher's stone. The process eventually developed into chemistry. • alpha particleA particle consisting of two protons and two neutrons bound together, identical to a helium nucleus. • atomic numberThe number, equal to the number of protons in an atom that determines its chemical properties. Symbol: Z. • baryonA heavy subatomic particle created by the binding of quarks by gluons; a hadron containing three quarks. They have half-odd integral spin and are thus fermions. • beta particleA high energy electron released during beta decay. • chain reactionA sequence of reactions where a reactive product or by-product causes additional reactions to take place. • congenitalPresent since birth. • criticalOf the point (in temperature, reagent concentration etc. ) where a nuclear or chemical reaction becomes self-sustaining. • decayTo change by undergoing fission, by emitting radiation, or by capturing or losing one or more electrons. • dosimetryThe measurement of doses, especially of ionizing radiation. • elementAny one of the simplest chemical substances that cannot be decomposed in a chemical reaction or by any chemical means, and that is made up of atoms all having the same number of protons. • fissileCapable of undergoing nuclear fission. Free to share, print, make copies and changes. Get yours at www.boundless.com

  15. Nuclear Chemistry • fissileCapable of undergoing nuclear fission. • fissionThe process of splitting the nucleus of an atom into smaller particles; nuclear fission. • fusionA nuclear reaction in which nuclei combine to form more massive nuclei with the concomitant release of energy and often neutrons. • fusionA nuclear reaction in which nuclei combine to form more massive nuclei with the concomitant release of energy and often neutrons. • gamma rayHigh-energy wave of electromagnetic energy. • grayThe derived SI unit of radiation dose defined as the absorption of one joule of radiation energy by one kilogram of matter. Symbol: Gy. • half-lifeThe time required for half of the nuclei in a sample of a specific isotope to undergo radioactive decay. • half-lifeThe time required for half of the nuclei in a sample of a specific isotope to undergo radioactive decay. • ionizing radiationHigh-energy radiation that is capable of causing ionization in substances through which it passes; also includes high-energy particles. • ionizing radiationHigh-energy radiation that is capable of causing ionization in substances through which it passes; also includes high-energy particles. • ionizing radiationHigh-energy radiation that is capable of causing ionization in substances through which it passes; also includes high-energy particles. • isotopeAny of two or more forms of an element where the atoms have the same number of protons but a different number of neutrons; the forms have the same atomic number but a different mass number. Free to share, print, make copies and changes. Get yours at www.boundless.com

  16. Nuclear Chemistry • isotopeAny of two or more forms of an element where the atoms have the same number of protons but a different number of neutrons; forms have the same atomic number but a different mass number. • isotopeA variant of a particular chemical element, which shares the same number of protons as other atoms of the element, but differs in its number of neutrons. • jouleThe derived SI unit of energy, work, and heat; equal to the energy of one watt of power for a duration of one second; symbol: J. • mass defectThe difference between the calculated mass of the unbound system and the experimentally measured mass of the nucleus. • mass spectrometryAn analytical technique that measures the mass:charge ratio of the ions formed when a molecule or atom is ionized, vaporized, and introduced to a vacuum; may also involve breaking molecules into fragments, enabling structure to be determined. • mass spectrometryAn analytical technique that measures the mass:charge ratio of the ions formed when a molecule or atom is ionized, vaporized, and introduced into a vacuum; may also involve breaking molecules into fragments, enabling structure to be determined. • melanomaA dark-pigmented, usually malignant tumor arising from a melanocyte and occurring most commonly in the skin. • microcephalyA neurological disorder which causes the affected person to have an abnormally small head due to a failure of brain growth. • neutron moderatorA medium that reduces the speed of fast neutrons, thereby turning them into thermal neutrons capable of sustaining a nuclear chain reaction involving uranium-235. • nuclear binding energyThe energy required to split a nucleus of an atom into its component parts. • nuclear fissionRadioactive decay process in which the nucleus of an atom splits into lighter nuclei. • nuclear forceThe force that acts between nucleons and binds protons and neutrons into atomic nuclei; the residual strong force. Free to share, print, make copies and changes. Get yours at www.boundless.com

  17. Nuclear Chemistry • nuclear fusionA reaction in which two or more atomic nuclei collide at very high speed and join to form a new type of atomic nucleus • nuclear magnetic resonanceThe absorption of electromagnetic radiation (radio waves), at a specific frequency, by an atomic nucleus placed in a strong magnetic field; used in spectroscopy and in magnetic resonance imaging. • nuclear medicineThe branch of medicine that uses radioactive isotopes in the diagnosis and treatment of disease. • nuclear weaponA weapon that derives its energy from the nuclear reactions of either fission or fusion. • nucleonOne of the subatomic particles of the atomic nucleus, i.e. a proton or a neutron. • nucleonOne of the subatomic particles of the atomic nucleus, i.e. a proton or a neutron. • nucleonOne of the subatomic particles of the atomic nucleus, i.e. a proton or a neutron. • nucleosynthesisAny of several processes that lead to the synthesis of heavier atomic nuclei. • nuclideAn atomic nucleus specified by its atomic number and atomic mass. • photosynthesisThe process by which plants and other photoautotrophs generate carbohydrates and oxygen from carbon dioxide, water, and light energy; performed in chloroplasts. • physiologicalOf, or relating to, the science of the function of living systems. • plasmaA state of matter consisting of partially ionized gas. Free to share, print, make copies and changes. Get yours at www.boundless.com

  18. Nuclear Chemistry • radioactivitySpontaneous emission of ionizing radiation as a consequence of a nuclear reaction, or directly from the breakdown of an unstable nucleus. • radiometric datingA technique used to date materials such as rocks, based on a comparison between the observed abundance of a naturally occurring radioisotope and its decay products, using known decay rates. • radiopharmaceuticalAny radioactive substance used as a pharmaceutical. • sievertThe derived SI unit of radiation dose that is a measure of the health effect of low levels of ionizing radiation on the human body. Symbol: Sv. • sievertThe amount of 1 joule of radiation energy deposited in 1 kilogram of human tissue. • strong forceThe nuclear force, a residual force responsible for the interactions between nucleons, deriving from the color force. • subatomic particleAny of many units of matter smaller than an atom. • thermonuclearOf, or relating to, the fusion of atomic nuclei at high temperatures. Also, relating to the use of atomic weapons based on such fusion. • transmutationThe transformation of one element into another by a nuclear reaction. Free to share, print, make copies and changes. Get yours at www.boundless.com

  19. Nuclear Chemistry Exponential decay A quantity undergoing exponential decay. Larger decay constants make the quantity vanish much more rapidly. This plot shows decay for decay constants of 25, 5, 1, 1/5, and 1/25 for x from 0 to 5. Free to share, print, make copies and changes. Get yours at www.boundless.com Wikipedia."Exponential decay."GNU FDLhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Exponential_decayView on Boundless.com

  20. Nuclear Chemistry Pierre and Marie Curie Pierre and Marie Curie in their Paris laboratory, before 1907. Free to share, print, make copies and changes. Get yours at www.boundless.com Wikipedia."Radioactivity."GNU FDLhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/RadioactivityView on Boundless.com

  21. Nuclear Chemistry Teller-Ulam device, a fusion nuclear bomb The basics of the Teller–Ulam design for a thermonuclear weapon. Radiation from a primary fission bomb compresses a secondary section containing both fission and fusion fuel. The compressed secondary is heated from within by a second fission explosion. Free to share, print, make copies and changes. Get yours at www.boundless.com Wikipedia."File:Teller-Ulam device 3D.svg - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia."Public domainhttp://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=File:Teller-Ulam_device_3D.svg&page=1View on Boundless.com

  22. Nuclear Chemistry Lead decay chain Example of a radioactive decay chain from lead-212 (212Pb) to lead-208 (208Pb) . Each parent nuclide spontaneously decays into a daughter nuclide (the decay product) via an α decay or a β decay. The final decay product, lead-208 (208Pb), is stable and can no longer undergo spontaneous radioactive decay. Free to share, print, make copies and changes. Get yours at www.boundless.com Wikipedia."Radiometric%20dating."GNU FDLhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Radiometric_datingView on Boundless.com

  23. Nuclear Chemistry A survivor of acute radiation syndrome A photograph of an 11-year-old girl, who was 2 kilometers away from the Hiroshima bombing site, recovering from acute radiation syndrome. Free to share, print, make copies and changes. Get yours at www.boundless.com Wikipedia."Acute radiation syndrome."GNU FDLhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Acute_radiation_syndromeView on Boundless.com

  24. Nuclear Chemistry Dosimeter Photo of a direct-reading dosimeter. Free to share, print, make copies and changes. Get yours at www.boundless.com Wikipedia."Dosimeter."GNU FDLhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/DosimeterView on Boundless.com

  25. Nuclear Chemistry Photosynthetic equation Oxygenic photosynthesis, explained in an equation. Free to share, print, make copies and changes. Get yours at www.boundless.com Wikipedia."Photosynthesis."GNU FDLhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/PhotosynthesisView on Boundless.com

  26. Nuclear Chemistry Fermi National Accelerator Laboratory Aerial photo of the Tevatron at Fermilab, which resembles a figure eight. The main accelerator is the ring above; the one below (about half the diameter, despite appearances) is for preliminary acceleration, beam cooling and storage, etc. Free to share, print, make copies and changes. Get yours at www.boundless.com Wikipedia."Fermilab."Public domainhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:Fermilab.jpgView on Boundless.com

  27. Nuclear Chemistry Lithium-6 plus deuterium gives two helium-4s. The visual representation of the equation we used as an example. Free to share, print, make copies and changes. Get yours at www.boundless.com Wikipedia."File:Li6-D%20Reaction.svg%20-%20Wikipedia,%20the%20free%20encyclopedia."CC BY-SAhttp://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=File:Li6-D_Reaction.svg&page=1View on Boundless.com

  28. Nuclear Chemistry Radioactive decay simulation A simulation of many identical atoms undergoing radioactive decay, starting with four atoms (left) and 400 atoms (right). The number at the top indicates how many half-lives have elapsed Free to share, print, make copies and changes. Get yours at www.boundless.com Wikipedia."Half-life."GNU FDLhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Half-lifeView on Boundless.com

  29. Nuclear Chemistry Microcephaly MRIs of a normal individual (left) and a patient with microcephaly (right). Free to share, print, make copies and changes. Get yours at www.boundless.com Wikipedia."Microcephaly."GNU FDLhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/MicrocephalyView on Boundless.com

  30. Nuclear Chemistry Nuclear half-life: intro and explanation Nuclear half-life is the time that it takes for one half of a radioactive sample to decay. In this video, we will learn the basics of nuclear half-life, and examine graphs and practice problems. Free to share, print, make copies and changes. Get yours at www.boundless.com View on Boundless.com

  31. Nuclear Chemistry How to make an atomic bomb An explanation of the fission process utilized in atomic bombs. Free to share, print, make copies and changes. Get yours at www.boundless.com View on Boundless.com

  32. Nuclear Chemistry Iodine-123 whole-body scan These images are scans used in the evaluation of thyroid cancer using the isotope iodine-123. Free to share, print, make copies and changes. Get yours at www.boundless.com Wikipedia."Nuclear medicine."GNU FDLhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Nuclear_medicineView on Boundless.com

  33. Nuclear Chemistry Nuclear binding energy curve This graph shows the nuclear binding energy (in MeV) per nucleon as a function of the number of nucleons in the nucleus. Notice that iron-56 has the most binding energy per nucleon, making it the most stable nucleus. Free to share, print, make copies and changes. Get yours at www.boundless.com Wikipedia."File:Binding energy curve - common isotopes.svg - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia."Public domainhttp://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=File:Binding_energy_curve_-_common_isotopes.svg&page=1View on Boundless.com

  34. Nuclear Chemistry Isotopic labeling A carbon-13 labeled precursor was used to track the position of an atom through a reaction. Free to share, print, make copies and changes. Get yours at www.boundless.com Wikipedia."Isotopic labeling."GNU FDLhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Isotopic_labelingView on Boundless.com

  35. Nuclear Chemistry Writing nuclear equations Describes how to write the nuclear equations for alpha and beta decay. Free to share, print, make copies and changes. Get yours at www.boundless.com View on Boundless.com

  36. Nuclear Chemistry Fission bomb assembly methods Two methods have been applied to induce the nuclear chain reaction that produces the explosion of an atomic bomb. The gun-type assembly uses a conventional explosive to compress from one side, while the implosion assembly compresses from all sides simultaneously. Free to share, print, make copies and changes. Get yours at www.boundless.com Wikipedia."File:Fission bomb assembly methods.svg - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia."Public domainhttp://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=File:Fission_bomb_assembly_methods.svg&page=1View on Boundless.com

  37. Nuclear Chemistry Nuclear fusion forces diagram At nucleus radii distances, the attractive nuclear force is stronger than the repulsive electrostatic force. Therefore, the main technical difficulty for fusion is getting the nuclei close enough to fuse. Free to share, print, make copies and changes. Get yours at www.boundless.com Wikipedia."Nuclear fusion."GNU FDLhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Nuclear_fusionView on Boundless.com

  38. Nuclear Chemistry Fusion of deuterium with tritium When 2-H and 3-H are fused, they produce 4-He, a neutron, and 14.1 MeV of energy, due to the conversion of mass into energy. This is because the rest of mass of helium and a neutron combined is less than the rest mass of deuterium and tritium combined, providing energy according to E=mc2. Free to share, print, make copies and changes. Get yours at www.boundless.com Wikipedia."Nuclear%252520fusion."Public domainhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Nuclear_fusionView on Boundless.com

  39. Nuclear Chemistry Cancer risk by radiation dose An increased risk of cancer has been shown to correlate with radiation dose. One example of this connection is shown here for Japanese survivors of the atomic bomb. Free to share, print, make copies and changes. Get yours at www.boundless.com Wikipedia."Radiation-induced cancer."GNU FDLhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Radiation-induced_cancerView on Boundless.com

  40. Nuclear Chemistry Periodic table radioactivity Blue - Elements that contain at least one stable isotope. Green - Radioactive elements: the most stable isotope is very long-lived, with s half-life of over four million years. Yellow - Radioactive elements: the most stable isotope has a half-life between 800 and 34.000 years. Orange - Radioactive elements: the most stable isotope has a half-life between one day and 103 years. Red - Highly radioactive elements: the most stable isotope has a half-life between several minutes and one day. Purple - Extremely radioactive elements: the most stable isotope has a half-life less than several minutes. Very little is known about these elements due to their extreme instability and radioactivity. Free to share, print, make copies and changes. Get yours at www.boundless.com Wikipedia."File:Periodic Table Radioactivity.svg - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia."CC BY-SAhttp://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=File:Periodic_Table_Radioactivity.svg&page=1View on Boundless.com

  41. Nuclear Chemistry Penetration of the modes of decay Alpha particles can be completely stopped by a sheet of paper. Beta particles can be stopped by aluminum shielding. Gamma rays can only be reduced by much more substantial mass, such as a very thick layer of lead. Free to share, print, make copies and changes. Get yours at www.boundless.com Wikipedia."Radioactivity."GNU FDLhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/RadioactivityView on Boundless.com

  42. Nuclear Chemistry Table of modes of radioactive decay Radionuclides can undergo a number of different reactions, summarized here. A nucleus with mass number A and atomic number Z is represented as (A, Z). The column "Daughter nucleus" indicates the difference between the new nucleus and the original nucleus. Thus, (A − 1, Z) means that the mass number is one less than before, but the atomic number didn't change. Free to share, print, make copies and changes. Get yours at www.boundless.com Wikipedia."Radioactivity."GNU FDLhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/RadioactivityView on Boundless.com

  43. Nuclear Chemistry Nuclear fission In nuclear fission, an unstable atom splits into two or more smaller pieces that are more stable, and releases energy in the process. The fission process also releases extra neutrons, which can then split additional atoms, resulting in a chain reaction that releases a lot of energy. There are also ways to modulate the chain reaction by soaking up the neutrons. Free to share, print, make copies and changes. Get yours at www.boundless.com View on Boundless.com

  44. Nuclear Chemistry Nuclear fission of U-235 If U-235 is bombarded with a neutron (light blue small circe), the resulting U-236 produced is unstable and undergoes fission. The resulting elements (shown here as Kr-92 and Ba-141) do not contain as many nucleons as U-236, with the remaining three neutrons being released as high-energy particles, able to bombard another U-235 atom and maintain a chain reaction. Free to share, print, make copies and changes. Get yours at www.boundless.com Wikipedia."File:Nuclear fission.svg - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia."CC BY-SAhttp://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=File:Nuclear_fission.svg&page=1View on Boundless.com

  45. Nuclear Chemistry Nuclear chain reaction A possible nuclear fission chain reaction. In the first step, a uranium-235 atom absorbs a neutron, and splits into two new atoms (fission fragments), releasing three new neutrons and a large amount of binding energy. In the second step, one of those neutrons is absorbed by an atom of uranium-238, and does not continue the reaction. Another neutron leaves the system without being absorbed. However, one neutron does collide with an atom of uranium-235, which then splits and releases two neutrons and more binding energy. In the third step, both of those neutrons collide with uranium-235 atoms, each of which splits and releases a few neutrons, which can then continue the reaction. Free to share, print, make copies and changes. Get yours at www.boundless.com Wikipedia."Nuclear chain reaction."Public domainhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Nuclear_chain_reactionView on Boundless.com

  46. Nuclear Chemistry Attribution • Wiktionary."baryon."CC BY-SA 3.0http://en.wiktionary.org/wiki/baryon • Wikipedia."Nuclear reaction."CC BY-SA 3.0http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Nuclear_reaction • Wikipedia."Uranium enrichment."CC BY-SA 3.0http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Uranium_enrichment • Wikipedia."Nuclear weapon design."CC BY-SA 3.0http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Nuclear_weapon_design • Wikipedia."Nuclear weapon."CC BY-SA 3.0http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Nuclear_weapon • Wikipedia."Nuclear weapon."CC BY-SA 3.0http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Nuclear_weapon • Wikipedia."Nuclear fission."CC BY-SA 3.0http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Nuclear_fission • Wiktionary."fission."CC BY-SA 3.0http://en.wiktionary.org/wiki/fission • Wiktionary."fusion."CC BY-SA 3.0http://en.wiktionary.org/wiki/fusion • Wiktionary."nuclear weapon."CC BY-SA 3.0http://en.wiktionary.org/wiki/nuclear_weapon • Wikipedia."Lawson criterion."CC BY-SA 3.0http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lawson_criterion • Wikipedia."Fusion power."CC BY-SA 3.0http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fusion_power • Wiktionary."plasma."CC BY-SA 3.0http://en.wiktionary.org/wiki/plasma • Wikipedia."nuclear fusion."CC BY-SA 3.0http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/nuclear%20fusion • Wiktionary."nucleosynthesis."CC BY-SA 3.0http://en.wiktionary.org/wiki/nucleosynthesis • Wiktionary."nuclear force."CC BY-SA 3.0http://en.wiktionary.org/wiki/nuclear_force • Wikipedia."Nuclear fusion."CC BY-SA 3.0http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Nuclear_fusion Free to share, print, make copies and changes. Get yours at www.boundless.com

  47. Nuclear Chemistry • Wikipedia."nuclear binding energy."CC BY-SA 3.0http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/nuclear%20binding%20energy • Wiktionary."nucleon."CC BY-SA 3.0http://en.wiktionary.org/wiki/nucleon • Wikipedia."Nuclear binding energy."CC BY-SA 3.0http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Nuclear_binding_energy • Wiktionary."strong force."CC BY-SA 3.0http://en.wiktionary.org/wiki/strong_force • Wikipedia."mass defect."CC BY-SA 3.0http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/mass%20defect • Wiktionary."nucleon."CC BY-SA 3.0http://en.wiktionary.org/wiki/nucleon • Wikipedia."physiological."CC BY-SA 3.0http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/physiological • Wikipedia."Nuclear medicine."CC BY-SA 3.0http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Nuclear_medicine • Wiktionary."nuclear medicine."CC BY-SA 3.0http://en.wiktionary.org/wiki/nuclear_medicine • Wiktionary."radiopharmaceutical."CC BY-SA 3.0http://en.wiktionary.org/wiki/radiopharmaceutical • Wikipedia."Radiation-induced cancer."CC BY-SA 3.0http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Radiation-induced_cancer • Wiktionary."ionizing radiation."CC BY-SA 3.0http://en.wiktionary.org/wiki/ionizing_radiation • Wiktionary."melanoma."CC BY-SA 3.0http://en.wiktionary.org/wiki/melanoma • Wikipedia."Acute radiation syndrome."CC BY-SA 3.0http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Acute_radiation_syndrome • Wiktionary."ionizing radiation."CC BY-SA 3.0http://en.wiktionary.org/wiki/ionizing_radiation • Wikipedia."NASA Space Radiation Laboratory."CC BY-SA 3.0http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/NASA_Space_Radiation_Laboratory • Wikipedia."Effects of nuclear explosions on human health."CC BY-SA 3.0http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Effects_of_nuclear_explosions_on_human_health • Wiktionary."microcephaly."CC BY-SA 3.0http://en.wiktionary.org/wiki/microcephaly • Wiktionary."congenital."CC BY-SA 3.0http://en.wiktionary.org/wiki/congenital Free to share, print, make copies and changes. Get yours at www.boundless.com

  48. Nuclear Chemistry • Wiktionary."ionizing radiation."CC BY-SA 3.0http://en.wiktionary.org/wiki/ionizing_radiation • Wikipedia."Radioactivity."CC BY-SA 3.0http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Radioactivity • Wiktionary."alpha particle."CC BY-SA 3.0http://en.wiktionary.org/wiki/alpha_particle • Wiktionary."isotope."CC BY-SA 3.0http://en.wiktionary.org/wiki/isotope • Wikibooks."General Chemistry/Chemistries of Various Elements/Inner Transition Metals."CC BY-SA 3.0http://en.wikibooks.org/wiki/General_Chemistry/Chemistries_of_Various_Elements/Inner_Transition_Metals%23Nuclear_Chemistry • AskApache.GNU FDLhttp://nongnu.askapache.com/fhsst/Chemistry_Grade_10-12.pdf • Wikipedia."Radioactivity."CC BY-SA 3.0http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Radioactivity%23Discovery • Wiktionary."decay."CC BY-SA 3.0http://en.wiktionary.org/wiki/decay • OpenStax CNX."OpenStax College, Nuclear Radioactivity. September 17, 2013."CC BY 3.0http://cnx.org/content/m42623/latest/ • Wiktionary."radioactivity."CC BY-SA 3.0http://en.wiktionary.org/wiki/radioactivity • AskApache.GNU FDLhttp://nongnu.askapache.com/fhsst/Chemistry_Grade_10-12.pdf • Wikipedia."radiometric dating."CC BY-SA 3.0http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/radiometric%20dating • Wikipedia."Radiometric dating."CC BY-SA 3.0http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Radiometric_dating • Wiktionary."isochron."CC BY-SA 3.0http://en.wiktionary.org/wiki/isochron • Wikipedia."Transuranium element."CC BY-SA 3.0http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Transuranium_element • Wiktionary."element."CC BY-SA 3.0http://en.wiktionary.org/wiki/element • Wiktionary."atomic number."CC BY-SA 3.0http://en.wiktionary.org/wiki/atomic_number • Wikipedia."Nuclear transmutation."CC BY-SA 3.0http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Nuclear_transmutation • Wikipedia."Particle accelerator."CC BY-SA 3.0http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Particle_accelerator Free to share, print, make copies and changes. Get yours at www.boundless.com

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