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The Religious Figures

The Religious Figures. Unit One – Lesson #3 . Questions to think about …. How important does religion appear to be in modern Canadian society? Do you think its influence is increasing or decreasing? Do you think religion played a greater or lesser role in previous centuries?

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The Religious Figures

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  1. The Religious Figures Unit One – Lesson #3

  2. Questions to think about… • How important does religion appear to be in modern Canadian society? • Do you think its influence is increasing or decreasing? • Do you think religion played a greater or lesser role in previous centuries? • What were some of these roles? • In New France, the church had a great deal of influence on society. What do you think were the advantages and disadvantages of this influence?

  3. Religious Figures • Chrstianity in the form of the Roman Catholic Church was Europe’s only major religion until the early 1500s • Relgious reformers challenged the Roman Catholic Church • Martin Luther in Germany • John Calvin in Switzerland • John Knox in Scotland • The reformers and their churches were called “protestants” because they protested against some of the beliefs and practices of the Roman Catholic Church

  4. France & Protestants • France MOSTLY remained a Catholic country • Protestants were persecuted by the Catholic majority • They were not allowed to hold positions under the Crown or teach in French Universities • Not allowed to settle in any of France’s colonies • THEREFORE the Catholic Church was the only one the French took to New France …..remember H2 pictures

  5. The Jesus Priests • The society of Jesus, called the Jesuits sent missionaries to New France • In the 1611, The Jesuits arrived to New France with two goals: • To spread the Roman Catholic religion to the First Nations people • To establish schools for boys • They established schools in some of the settlements and sent missionaries out to the First Nations peoples.

  6. Sainte-Marie Among the Hurons • In 1634, the Jesuits took their mission to the Huron people who lived to the west of the French Settlements • Wanted to avoid a war breaking out between the Iroquois and Hurons • In 1639, they began construction of Sainte-Marie among the Hurons • It had high walls and strong gates • 9 years later it had 65 priests, assistants, servants and soldiers living at Sainte-Marie

  7. Sainte-Marie among the Hurons • In 1648, the Iroquois attacked the Huron. Five Jesuits who worked in the Huron villages were killed • They built two other centres throughout the next year but the Iroquois kept on destroying their centres • Therefore these hostilities prevented the Jesuits from continuing their missions

  8. The Ursuline Nuns • In 1619, Marie Martin was a twenty year old widow with a six month old son • In 1632, she decided to enter the Convent of St. Ursula and became a nun • A convent is a community of nuns, who are women dedicated to serving God and the Church • She believed that she was destined to go to Quebec and convert the First Nations peoples to Christianity

  9. The Ursuline Nuns • In 1639, she and two other Ursuline sisters arrived in Quebec, where they established a convent • Taking the name Marie de L’incarnation, she built the Ursuline mission, making it one of the strongest arms of the Catholic Church in Quebec • She died in 1672

  10. The Ursuline Nuns • Before the nuns, there were only schools for boys in New France • The Ursuline Nuns established schools and convents for girls in New France, both First Nations girls and daughters of settlers • These schools taught reading, writing, arithmetic, and homemaking hoping these graduates would become nuns, wives and mothers.

  11. Questions • What restrictions did Protestants live under in France? • Why did the French take only the Roman Catholic religion to New France? • What do the expectations for Marie Martin (after she became a widow) and for the girls who attended the school tell us about the role of women at the time? • How successful was Sainte-Marie Among the Hurons, in your opinion? • Do you think that the Iroquois wanted to destroy it because they disagreed with its religious message or for other reasons?

  12. Discussion • Did religion appear to have been important in the life of New France? In what ways? • How tolerant does it appear people of different religions were of each other at this time? • The Roman Catholic religious orders kept boys and girls in separate religious and educational worlds. What were the advantages and disadvantages of this practice, in your view?

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