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RUSHSAP

RUSHSAP. Comments on Medical Professionalism and Public Health reporting in the context of the Universal Declaration of Bioethics and Human Rights Darryl Macer, Ph.D. Regional Advisor on Social and Human Sciences in Asia and the Pacific,

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RUSHSAP

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  1. RUSHSAP Comments on Medical Professionalism and Public Health reporting in the context of the Universal Declaration of Bioethics and Human Rights • Darryl Macer, Ph.D. • Regional Advisor on Social and Human Sciences in Asia and the Pacific, • RUSHSAP (Regional Unit for Social and Human Sciences in Asia and the Pacific), • UNESCO Bangkok, 920 Sukhumvit Road, Prakanong, Bangkok 10110, Thailand • Email: d.macer@unesco.org

  2. RUSHSAP What future do we have?How to protect communities?

  3. RUSHSAP Balancing of protection of confidentiality to patients with obligations to the broader community. Harm reduction to those at risk, concrete results show it can work.

  4. RUSHSAP International Standards for Bioethics UNESCO General Conference 1997 and the UN General Assembly 1998 Universal Declaration on the Human Genome and Human Rights UNESCO General Conference 2003 International Declaration on Human Genetic Data UNESCO General Conference 2005 Universal Declaration on Bioethicsand Human Rights

  5. RUSHSAP Professional responsibilities are internationally agreed (applies to all fields) • D. CONDITIONS FOR THE EXERCISE OF SCIENTIFIC ACTIVITY • 13. The responsibilities inherent in the activities of researchers, including meticulousness, caution, intellectual honesty and integrity in carrying out their research as well as in the presentation and utilization of their findings, should be the subject of particular attention ... Public and private science policy-makers also have particular responsibilities in this respect. • Universal Declaration on the Human Genome and Human Rights 1997

  6. RUSHSAP Bioethics for the People by the People

  7. RUSHSAP 1997 2003 2005 Bioethics standard-setting actions

  8. Universal Declaration on Bioethics and Human Rights世界生物伦理与人权宣言 • Human dignity and human rights • Benefit and harm • Autonomy and individual responsibility • Consent • Persons without the capacity to consent • Respect for human vulnerability and personal integrity • Privacy and confidentiality • Equality, justice and equity • Non-discrimination and non-stigmatization • Respect for cultural diversity and pluralism • Solidarity and cooperation • Social responsibility and health • Sharing of benefits • Protecting future generations • Protection of the environment, the biosphere and biodiversity Preamble General provisions aims scope Principles Application of the principles Promotion of the declaration Final provisions

  9. RUSHSAP Universal Declaration on Bioethics and Human Rights 第4条受益与损害 在应用和推进科学知识、医学实践及相关技术时应尽可能使病人、参与研究者和其他受到影响的个人直接或间接受益，并最大限度地减少可能对他们带来的损害。 Article 4: Benefit and harm In applying and advancing scientific knowledge, medical practice and associated technologies, direct and indirect benefits to patients, research participants and other affected individuals should be maximized and any possible harm to such individuals should be minimized.

  10. RUSHSAP Universal Declaration on Bioethics and Human Rights 第9条隐私与保密 应当尊重当事人的隐私和对他们个人的信息加以保密。应根据国际法，尤其是国际人权法，尽最大可能使这类信息只用于收集或同意提供该信息的初始目的，不能为了其它目的而使用或披露这类信息。 Article 9: Privacy and confidentiality The privacy of the persons concerned and the confidentiality of their personal information should be respected. To the greatest extent possible, such information should not be used or disclosed for purposes other than those for which it was collected or consented to, consistent with international law, in particular international human rights law.

  11. RUSHSAP Questions of privacy… National or Global? • Rights of individual privacy • Rights of familial privacy • Community privacy • Ethnic group privacy • Access to information by others How to find the right balance between beneficence and privacy?

  12. RUSHSAP Protecting the dignity of people is a universally agreed goal of the United Nations Ethics education starts in the young and can empower children and adults at any age.

  13. RUSHSAP Universal Declaration on Bioethics and Human Rights 第13条互助与合作 应当鼓励人与人之间的互助和为此而开展的国际合作。 Article 13: Solidarity Solidarity among human beings and international cooperation towards that end are to be encouraged.

  14. RUSHSAP • Economic disparities exist: • Creating opportunities for financial exploitation; • Unequal access; • Public health services are limited; • Private sector roles • Creation of markets by advertising • Professionalism by all involved is required

  15. RUSHSAP UNESCO does not prescribe universal norms of ethics without regard for different cultures.The Universal Declaration on Bioethics and Human Rights provides a framework for principles and procedures for guidance.

  16. RUSHSAP Challenges to make ethics relevant

  17. RUSHSAP Universal Declaration on Bioethicsand Human Rights Article 14 Social Responsibility &Health 社会责任和健康a) The promotion of health and social development for their people is a central purpose of governments, that all sectors of society share.b) Taking into account that the enjoyment of the highest standard of health care is one of the fundamental rights of every human being without distinction of race, religion, political belief, economic or social condition, progress in science and technology should advance:(i) access to quality health care and essential medicines, including especially for the health of women and children, because health is essential to life itself and must be considered as a social and human good;(ii) access to adequate nutrition and water;(iii) improvement of living conditions and the environment;(iv) elimination of the marginalization and the exclusion of persons on the basis of any grounds; and(v) reduction of poverty and illiteracy.

  18. There is a need to create a policy nexus between researchers, policy makers and civil society for the future Steps in the process • "Studying what is" -> promoting empirical research • "Anticipating what could be" -> promoting philosophical reflection and future-oriented studies • "Determining what should be" -> developing and promoting international standards • "Discussing what we think” -> creating a policy nexus and implementation with all stakeholders • “Assessing what has been done” -> lessons to implement recommendations and policies into more effective action.

  19. RUSHSAP UNESCO Bangkok websitehttp://www.unescobkk.org/rushsapUNESCO Asia-Pacific School of Ethics Philosophical dialogues Ethics of Energy Technologies Project Teaching resourcesUNESCO Parishttp://www.unesco.org/shsAsian Bioethics Associationwww.eubios.info/ABA.htm

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