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Chapter 19.4

Chapter 19.4. Mr. Rosendale. Wilson Presents His Plan. Fourteen Points – Plan for World Peace – First 5 points dealt with preventing another war There should be no secret treaties among nations Freedom of the seas should be maintained for all

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Chapter 19.4

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  1. Chapter 19.4 Mr. Rosendale

  2. Wilson Presents His Plan • Fourteen Points – Plan for World Peace – First 5 points dealt with preventing another war • There should be no secret treaties among nations • Freedom of the seas should be maintained for all • Tariffs and other economic barriers among nations should be lowered or abolished in order to foster free trade • Arms should be reduced “to the lower point consistent with domestic safety, thus lessening possibility of military responses” during diplomatic crises • Colonial polices should consider the interests of the colonial peoples as well as the interests of imperialist powers .

  3. Wilson Presents His Plan • The next eight points dealt with boundary changes. • The fourteen points called for the creation of an international organization to address diplomatic crises. • League of Nations – would provide a forum for nations to discuss and settle their grievances without having to resort to war.

  4. Wilson Presents His Plan • The Allies Reject Wilson’s Plan • Georges Clemenceau – French Prime Minster – Lived through two German invasions of France and was determined to prevent future invasions. • David Lloyd George – British Prime Minister – Won re-election on the slogan “Make Germany Pay” • The Treaty was worked out with out the Central Powers involved

  5. Debating the Treaty of Versailles • Provisions of the Treaty • Created nine new nations – including Poland, Czechoslovakia, and Yugoslavia – and shifted the boundaries of other nations. • Carved five areas out of the Ottoman Empire and gave them to France and Great Britain as mandates. (Would be governed until seen as though they could rule themselves) • Barred Germany from maintaining and army • Required German to return the region of Alsace-Lorraine to France • Pay reparations amounting to 33 billion to the Allies.

  6. Debating the Treaty of Versailles • The Treaty’s Weaknesses • What do you think? • Many flaws in this treaty • The treatment of Germany did not allow for lasting peace in Europe.

  7. Debating the Treaty of Versailles • First the treaty humiliated Germany • Contained a War-guild Clause - Forced Germany to admit sole responsibility for starting World War I • Germany could not afford to pay all reparations, also lost all of their colonial possessions. • Russia lost more territory than any other nation. • Treaty ignored all colonized areas and their clamor for self-determination.

  8. Debating the Treaty of Versailles • Debate over League of Nations • Many believed that the League of Nations threatened the U.S. foreign policy of Isolation

  9. Debating the Treaty of Versailles • Wilson refuses to compromise • Wilson ignored the Republican majority in the Senate when he chose the members of the American delegation. • The treaty was never ratified in the U.S. and the U.S. never joined the League of Nations.

  10. The War to End All Wars • Most Americans looked forward to going back to normalcy and back to normal lives. • This would not last long and this would not be the “war to end all wars” as it was coined.

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