1 / 19

Cryptosporidiosis

Cryptosporidiosis. Infectious Agent. Protozoan Cryptosporidium parvum. Humans Cattle Other domestic animals. Reservoir. Life Cycle. Life Cycle. Mode of Transmission. Fecal-oral Person to person esp. child care settings Waterborne RWI’s, both natural and swimming pools

cutter
Télécharger la présentation

Cryptosporidiosis

An Image/Link below is provided (as is) to download presentation Download Policy: Content on the Website is provided to you AS IS for your information and personal use and may not be sold / licensed / shared on other websites without getting consent from its author. Content is provided to you AS IS for your information and personal use only. Download presentation by click this link. While downloading, if for some reason you are not able to download a presentation, the publisher may have deleted the file from their server. During download, if you can't get a presentation, the file might be deleted by the publisher.

E N D

Presentation Transcript

  1. Cryptosporidiosis

  2. Infectious Agent • Protozoan • Cryptosporidium parvum

  3. Humans Cattle Other domestic animals Reservoir

  4. Life Cycle

  5. Life Cycle

  6. Mode of Transmission • Fecal-oral • Person to person • esp. child care settings • Waterborne • RWI’s, both natural and swimming pools • Drinking water • Foodborne

  7. Susceptible Individuals • Immunocompromised • Young children • Pregnant women • AIDS patients

  8. Symptoms • Diarrhea • Weight loss • Dehydration • Stomach cramps • Fever • Nausea • Vomiting

  9. Important Considerations • Incubation-1 to 12 days • Oocysts survive extreme conditions • Oocysts infective for 2-6 months in environment • Oocysts are 4-5 microns • Infection may result from 10 oocysts

  10. Important Considerations • Oocysts in stool appear with symptom onset • Oocysts are immediately infectious • Oocysts shed for several weeks after symptoms resolve • Asymptomatic infections appear to be common

  11. Treatment • Self-limiting in healthy individuals • Drink fluids to prevent dehydration • A new drug, nitazoxanide, has been approved for treatment of diarrhea

  12. Milwaukee 1993 • Largest documented waterborne outbreak in U.S. history • 403,000 cases • 111 deaths

  13. Causes of Milwaukee Incident • Livestock runoff from record rainfalls entered Milwaukee River • Poor design-Drinking water influent too close to wastewater effluent • Human errors in drinking water plant

  14. Milwaukee Illness • Watery diarrhea (93%) • Median stools/day=12 (range 1 to 90) • Abdominal cramps (84%) • Fever (57%) • Vomiting (48%)

  15. Recreational Water Illness • 10 documented outbreaks since 1988 • Contamination by AFRs • Highly resistant to chlorination

  16. Foodborne Outbreaks • 1993-Unpasteurized apple cider---apples fell in cow pasture • 1995-Chicken salad-contamination by food worker operating home day care • 1996-Commercially produced unpasterurized apple cider-contamination by washing with well water having fecal contamination

  17. General Prevention • Do not swallow recreational water • Do not drink untreated water • Lakes, rivers, streams, untested wells • Travelers and hikers • Boil water for 1 minute or use NSF filter rated for “cyst removal.” Don’t rely on chemical treatments • Do not swim with GI infection

  18. Foodborne Prevention • Thoroughly wash all produce • No bare hand contact of ready-to-eat foods • No food workers with GI illness • Until 2 weeks after end of diarrhea • Handwashing-handwashing-handwashing

More Related