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C. Acids, Bases, Salts

C. Acids, Bases, Salts. Acids – ionize to form H + sour taste proton donors increase concentration of H +. C. Acids, Bases, Salts. Acids – ionize to form H + a. monoprotic HCl, HNO 3 b. polyprotic H 2 SO 4 , H 2 CO 3 , H 3 PO 4 H 2 SO 4(aq)  H + (aq) + HSO 4 - (aq)

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C. Acids, Bases, Salts

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  1. C. Acids, Bases, Salts • Acids – ionize to form H+ • sour taste • proton donors • increase concentration of H+

  2. C. Acids, Bases, Salts • Acids – ionize to form H+ • a. monoprotic • HCl, HNO3 • b. polyprotic • H2SO4, H2CO3, H3PO4 H2SO4(aq) H+(aq) + HSO4-(aq) HSO4-(aq) H+(aq) + SO4-2(aq) strong weak

  3. 2. Bases – ionize to form OH- • bitter taste • react with proton donors • increase concentration of OH- • ionic hydroxides • KOH, NaOH, Ca(OH)2 ex. Ca(OH)2(aq) Ca+2(aq) + 2 OH-(aq) strong

  4. 2. Bases – ionize to form OH- b. others (ammonia) • NH3 ex. NH3(aq) + H2O(l) NH4+(aq) + OH-(aq) weak

  5. Strength of Acids/Bases 3. Strong vs Weak Acid/Base completely partially ionize ionize 

  6. a. Common Strong Acids

  7. Common Strong Bases • All Group I & II A Metal Hydroxides

  8. D. Solution Reactions • 1. Neutralizations acidbasewatersalt HCl(aq) + NaOH(aq) H2O(l) + NaCl(aq) 2 HBr(aq) + Ba(OH)2(aq)  H2O(l) + BaBr2(aq)

  9. D. Solution Reactions • 1. Neutralizations acidbasewatersalt HCl(aq) + NaOH(aq) H2O(l) + NaCl(aq) 2 HBr(aq) + Ba(OH)2(aq)  2H2O() + BaBr2(aq) H+(aq) + OH-(aq) H2O(l)

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