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Chapter Nine

Learn about the terminology, special features, and architecture of the Windows XP print system. Create and manage printers, troubleshoot printing issues, and configure fax capabilities.

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Chapter Nine

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  1. Chapter Nine Printing and Faxing

  2. Objectives • Understand Windows XP print terminology and architecture • Understand the special features of the Windows XP print system • Create and manage a printer • Manage printer permissions • Troubleshoot printing • Configure Windows XP fax capabilities

  3. Windows XP Printing Terminology • Client application • Connecting to a printer • Creating a printer • Direct-attached printer • Network interface printer • Print client

  4. Windows XP Printing Terminology • Print device • Print job • Print resolution • Print server • Print Server services • Print spooler

  5. Windows XP Printing Terminology • Printer (logical printer) • Printer driver • Printer pool • Queue (print queue) • Rendering • Spooling

  6. Graphical Device Interface (GDI) • Portion of Windows XP that begins the process of producing visual output, whether the output is to the screen or to the printer • In case of screen output, the GDI calls the video driver • In the case of printed output, it calls a printed driver and provides the information about the targeted print device and what type of data must be rendered for output

  7. Printer Driver • Composed of three subcomponents that work together as a unit: • Printer graphics driver • Responsible for rendering GDI commands into Device Driver Interface (DDI) commands that can be sent to the printer • Printer interface driver • Characterization data file

  8. Print Spooler • Includes the following components: • Print router • Local and remote print providers • Print processors • Print monitor

  9. Print Spooler • The print spooler can accept data from the print provider in two main data types: • Enhanced metafile (EMF) • Device-independent spool data used to reduce the amount of time spent processing a print job • RAW • Device-dependent spool data that is fully ready to be printed when rendered

  10. Print RouterPrint Provider • Print router • Sends print requests from clients to the print server, so the requests can be routed to the appropriate print provider • Print provider • Server-side software that sends a print job to the proper server in the format required by that server • Windows XP print provider (Win32Spl.dll) • NetWare print provider (Nwprovau.dll)

  11. Print ProcessorPrint Monitor • Print processor • Works with the printed driver to despool files during playback, making any needed changes to the spool file according to its data type • Print monitor • Final link in chain of printing process

  12. Print Monitor • Language monitor • Sets up bidirectional messaging between the printer and the computer initiating the print job • The Printer Job Language provides printer control at the print-job level and enables users to change printer defaults levels such as number of copies, color, and printer languages • Port monitor • Transmits the print job either to the print device or to another server

  13. Printer Driver Software • Function of a printer driver is to provide an interface between the client and the printer • The job of printing software is to insulate applications from having to incorporate the logic and understanding necessary to communicate with a large collection of printers • Because selecting a particular printer for output is part of the Windows printing process, it makes perfect sense to put this intelligence into the driver

  14. Printing Across the Network • Two typical options for printing across the network exist for Microsoft network clients, including Windows XP Professional clients: • You can print to a printer connected to a print server through a parallel or serial port • You can print to a printer connected directly to the network

  15. Installing and Managing Printers Figure 9-1: The Printers and Faxes window

  16. Managing Print Jobs • The Printers and Faxes window comes into play not only when installing and managing printers, but also when managing print queues Figure 9-2: A printer’s queue window

  17. Creating a Local Printer • In Windows XP jargon, creating a printer means that you’re setting up a printer for local use • Questions to answer when creating a local printer: • Is the attached printer plug and play compatible? • Is the printer local or on the network? • To which port will the printer be connected?

  18. Creating a Local Printer • Questions to answer when creating a local printer: • What is the make and model of the printer? • What do you want the printer to be named? • Do you want the printer to be the default for all print jobs? • Should the printer be shared with the network?

  19. Connecting to a Remote Printer • Connecting to a remote printer is even simpler than creating a printer • After the process of connecting to a remote printer is done, you don’t have to install drivers locally • Windows XP client download printer drivers from the print server

  20. Configuring a Printer • After the printer is created or connected to, configuring it is easy • You can create more than one logical printer for a single print device • You can set up different configurations for the same print device

  21. General Tab Figure 9-3: A printer’s Properties dialog box, General tab

  22. General Tab Figure 9-4: The Printing Preferences dialog box

  23. The Sharing Tab Figure 9-5: A printer’s Properties dialog box, Sharing tab

  24. Ports Tab Figure 9-6: A printer’s Properties dialog box, Ports tab

  25. Advanced Tab • The printer priority setting determines which logical printer will be given first access to a printer • Mismatched documents are those for which the page setup and printer setup are incompatible Figure 9-7: A printer’s Properties dialog box, Advanced tab

  26. Separator Page Code Table 9-1A: Separator Page Code

  27. Separator Page Code Table 9-1B: Separator Page Code

  28. Color Management Tab • Used to associate a color profile with a color printer • A color profile is used to control how color is produced by the printer • A color profile takes into account the printer’s configuration and the type of media being used

  29. Security Tab Figure 9-8: A printer’s Properties dialog box, Security tab

  30. Security Tab Figure 9-9: The Advanced Security dialog box, Permissions tab

  31. Device Settings Tab • Used to make sure that the print device itself is configured properly • Most of these settings shouldn’t need to be adjusted if you choose the proper printer driver during setup, but these items may be subject to change as you upgrade your printer: • Memory • Paper trays and other accessories

  32. Device Settings Tab Figure 9-10: A printer’s Properties dialog box, Device Settings tab

  33. Printers and the Web • Internet Printing Protocol (IPP) • A new Windows XP protocol that adds Web support to the print subsystem • Allows remote users to submit print jobs for printing, view printer queues, and download print drivers

  34. Managing the Print Server Figure 9-11: The Print Server Properties dialog box, Forms tab

  35. Troubleshooting Printing Problems • Recommended steps to follow: • Identify which of the seven components of the printing process is failing • After you identify the problem, look for documented solutions online, in the manual that ships with Windows XP or the printer, or in the Microsoft Knowledge Base • Implement a short-term solution • Implement a long-term solution, if possible

  36. Troubleshooting Printing in General • Check the physical aspects of the printer • Re-create the logical printer on the client • Terminate and reshare the printer on the print server • Try using a different application, user account, or computer to print to the same printer • Check for stalled print jobs

  37. Troubleshooting Printing in General • Make sure the printer is online (a device setting) • Reinstall the printer driver • Start and restart the spooler • Check the free space on the drive where the spooler is directed • Try using the Print Troubleshooter

  38. Troubleshooting Network Printing • Additional steps when troubleshooting network printing problems: • Verify basic network connectivity • Create a local printer and redirect its port to a network printer • Print from a DOS-based program using the NET USE command to connect to the printer • If using TCP/IP printing or connecting to a printer attached directly to the network, try PINGing the printer’s address to make sure it’s functioning

  39. Stopping and Restarting the Print Spooler Figure 9-12: Selecting the Print Spooler service from the Service applet

  40. Fax Support Figure 9-13: The Tracking tab of the Fax Properties dialog box

  41. Fax Support Figure 9-14: The Sender Information page of the Fax Configuration Wizard

  42. Chapter Summary • The Windows XP print subsystem architecture consists of several components that turn data into a printable file, transfer that file to a printer, and manage the way in which multiple print jobs are handled by a printer • Microsoft uses a special vocabulary for printing-related services, software and hardware components, and activities • You use the Add Printer Wizard in the Printers and Faxes applet to create, share, and connect to print devices

  43. Chapter Summary • You also use the Add Printer Wizard to configure a print device • It is important to fine-tune the printing process for various situations • Be familiar with the most common causes of printing problems in the Windows XP environment • Faxing has been thoroughly integrated with Windows XP’s printing system

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