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Earth’s Major Biomes

Earth’s Major Biomes. Earth’s Major Biomes. Type of biome controlled by temperature and precipitation. Earth’s Major Biomes. Tundra. Earth’s Major Biomes. Tundra. Characterized by: Very short growing season Little precipitation (10-25 cm / yr) Permafrost Low species diversity.

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Earth’s Major Biomes

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  1. Earth’s Major Biomes

  2. Earth’s Major Biomes • Type of biome controlled by temperature and precipitation

  3. Earth’s Major Biomes • Tundra

  4. Earth’s Major Biomes • Tundra • Characterized by: • Very short growing season • Little precipitation (10-25 cm / yr) • Permafrost • Low species diversity

  5. Earth’s Major Biomes • Boreal Forest (Tiaga)

  6. Earth’s Major Biomes • Boreal Forest (Tiaga) • Characterized by: • Short growing season • Low precipitation (~50 cm / yr) • Dominated by conifers (spruce, fir), but also has aspen, birch

  7. Earth’s Major Biomes • Temperate Rain Forest

  8. Earth’s Major Biomes • Temperate Rain Forest • Characterized by: • Cool; high precipitation (~127 cm / yr) • Dominated by evergreens (hemlock, spruce, cedar) • Heavily logged

  9. Earth’s Major Biomes • Temperate Deciduous Forest

  10. Earth’s Major Biomes • Temperate Deciduous Forest • Characterized by: • Hot summers, cold winters • Moderate precipitation (75-150 cm / yr) • Dominated by oaks, hickory, maple • Commonly converted to agriculture

  11. Earth’s Major Biomes • Grasslands

  12. Earth’s Major Biomes • Grasslands • Characterized by: • Hot summers, cold winters • Low to moderate precipitation (25-75 cm / yr) • Dominated tallgrass or shortgrass prairies • Heavily converted to agriculture

  13. Earth’s Major Biomes • Chaparral

  14. Earth’s Major Biomes • Chaparral • Characterized by: • Dry summers, mild winters • Frequent fires • Dominated by short pines, evergreen shrubs, scrub oak (but varies worldwide)

  15. Earth’s Major Biomes • Deserts

  16. Earth’s Major Biomes • Deserts • Characterized by: • Wide daily variations in temperature • Very dry (<25 cm precipitation / yr) • Sparse plant coverage

  17. Earth’s Major Biomes • Savanna

  18. Earth’s Major Biomes • Savanna • Characterized by: • Precipitation 76-150 cm / yr, but very seasonal with extended dry periods • Dominated by grasses, with occasional trees • African most famous for herds of wildebeest, antelope, zebra

  19. Earth’s Major Biomes • Tropical Rain Forests

  20. Earth’s Major Biomes • Tropical Rain Forests • Characterized by: • Very high precipitation 200-450 cm / yr • Very nutrient-poor soil • Extremely high primary productivity • Extremely high species richness

  21. Earth’s Major Biomes • Vertical Zonation: The Distribution of Vegetation on Mountains

  22. Aquatic Ecosystems • Human Impacts on Coral Reefs • Sedimentation / siltation • Pollution • Overfishing • Direct disturbance (anchor dragging, divers damaging / collecting specimens)

  23. Aquatic Ecosystems • Human Impacts on the Ocean

  24. Aquatic Ecosystems • Human Impacts on the Ocean

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