SKILL LEARNING

1. SKILL LEARNING Stages of Learning: page 88 - 90 Types of Practice: page 93 - 95

2. What is a skill?? A Skill can be defined as……. • a learned, co-ordinated task that achieves a goal. What’s the difference between a skilled golfer and an unskilled golfer?? - Write your answers into your workbooks page 86.

3. Stages of Learning • Read the article on page 88 – 89 • As you go, highlight the important pieces of information. • Using the information from the article, fill in the Key features of the 3 stages of learning: • Cognitive • Associative • Autonomous

4. Stages of Learning • Working in groups, fill in the table on page 90 – the skill characteristics or ‘signs’ of a cognitive, associative or autonomous driver. • Share back your ideas, and add any new ones that you may not have thought of 

5. Did you have??

6. Stages of Learning • Now try question 3 – what advantages are there for the athlete by being in the autonomous phase?? - It frees up the brain to concentrate on other, more complex aspects of skill performance. This may be things such as strategy, planning ahead, anticipating the actions of the opposition.

7. Types of PracticePage 93 • There are 2 types of practice: • Massed and distributed • Whole and Part

8. Types of Practice MASSED & DISTRIBUTED PRACTICE Split into three groups. • Group 1 – perform 5 minutes of continuous sit-ups. • Group 2 – perform 30 seconds of sit-ups followed by a 10 second rest then another 30 seconds of sit-ups. Repeated until 5 minutes is up. • Group 3 – perform 30 seconds of sit-ups followed by a 30 second rest then another 30 seconds of sit-ups. Repeated until 5 minutes is up. • COUNT YOUR SIT-UPS!!!!! • Average totals within your group, enter into table on page 93

9. Massed Practice • Massed Practice is………. • Performing the skill over and over until it is learned. • Try question 3………. • Answer: best for people who are highly motivated, tasks that have low energy demands or simple skills such as throwing. • And question 4………. • Answer: boredom, injury, frustration if progress is not being made, developing and learning poor techniques.

10. Distributed Practice • Distributed Practice is………. • Mixing performance and rest periods until the skill is learned. • Try question 5…… • Answer: when in the early stages of learning, when energy demands are high, the skill is complex, the performer is not motivated or the task is boring. • And question 6……. • Answer: mentally going over the task/skill, looking at video evidence of performance and receiving feedback.

11. Types of Practice WHOLE AND PART LEARNING • Motor skills are made up of parts or subroutines. These parts make the whole skill. For example, what are the parts or subroutines that make up the skill of the high serve in badminton?? – page 95 Answer: stance weight transfer shuttle drop grip swing timing contact point follow through

12. Whole Learning • Whole learning is……. • When the skill is learned in its entirety, i.e. the whole movement. • Try question 3…… Answer: whole learning is good for simple skills or skills that cannot easily be broken down into parts

13. Part Learning • Part Learning is……… • Breaking the skill into subroutines and learning associated subroutines (parts). • Try question 4…… Answer: Good for complex skills where each subroutine or part is very important – especially if there is a set sequence that must be followed.