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Hormones – An Introduction

Hormones – An Introduction. FSH – A peptide hormone. Method of Action – Steroid Hormones. Steroids transport via carrier proteins – why? Movement through plasma membrane into cytoplasm of target Interaction with specific receptors Binding to response elements in target genes

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Hormones – An Introduction

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  1. Hormones – An Introduction FSH – A peptide hormone

  2. Method of Action – Steroid Hormones • Steroids transport via carrier proteins – why? • Movement through plasma membrane into cytoplasm of target • Interaction with specific receptors • Binding to response elements in target genes • Influence on transcription

  3. Steroid receptor structure AF1 DNA binding/Dimerisation Ligand Binding Transact DBD NL Transact DNA Sequence – Differs, depending on receptor complex eg., GGTCAnnnTGACCC for estrogen receptor bound to ligand

  4. Method of Action – Peptide Hormones • Interact with ligand bound receptor on plasma membrane – why? • Consequence of interaction with receptor is signal transduction – eg., activation of GTP, influence on adenylate cyclase/cAMP/protein kinase • Gene activation indirect, but signal amplification can be more rapid

  5. G-Protein Coupled Receptor Function Richardson, 2001

  6. Hypothalamic-Pituitary Axis: An Historical Perspective Michelangelo’s “Creation of Adam” Outline of Brain FUNCTIONAL ANATOMY OF THE HYPOTHALAMUS AND PITUITARYChapter 3b - Ronald M. Lechan, M.D., Ph.D., and Roberto Toni, M.D.

  7. Adenohypophysis = Anterior Pituitary “Glandular” Neurohypophysis= Posterior Pituitary (neurons that extend here have cell bodies in hypothalamus

  8. Hypothalamic/Pituitary Axis – Vasculature and Gross Morphology Adapted from http://www.uwyo.edu/wjm/Repro

  9. Pituitary Histology GH, PRL secreting FSH, LH etc Note the differences in morphology and staining patterns (acidophilic vs basophilic) reflecting differences in secretions b/w cell types. Tissue is also highly vascularized

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