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Provincial America & the Struggle for a Continent

Provincial America & the Struggle for a Continent. Chapter 4. Progress in the Colonies 18 th century. Population doubled every 25 yrs - need for colleges, doctors, craftsmen, etc - wealthy settlers & landowners - mansions - Colonies began to modernize.

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Provincial America & the Struggle for a Continent

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  1. Provincial America & the Struggle for a Continent Chapter 4

  2. Progress in the Colonies 18th century Population doubled every 25 yrs - need for colleges, doctors, craftsmen, etc - wealthy settlers & landowners - mansions - Colonies began to modernize

  3. Early Harvard (Cambridge, Mass) • Founded in 1636,Harvard is the oldest institution of higher learning in the United States

  4. College of William & Mary • Located in Virginia, William and Mary was founded in 1693 by a Royal Charter issued by the King William III & Queen Mary II of England. It has educated U.S. presidents Thomas Jefferson, James Monroe, and John Tyler

  5. Other Colleges • 1746- Princeton (New Jersey) • 1740- University of Pennsylvania • 1754- Columbia University (New York) • 1764- Brown University (R.I) • 1766- Rutgers, New Jersey • 1769- Dartmouth (New Hampshire)

  6. Expansion of the Colonies • Immigration at all time high in colonies - 1730- 650k settlers - 1775- over 1 million • Indian concern

  7. Slaves in the South • Slave trade reached peak during 18th century - 90% of slaves to southern colonies - 70% of S. Carolina’s pop by 1720 - created old south (slave plantations) - south- dependent on slaves - treatment of slaves in south

  8. Back Country • Life in mountain regions of the Carolinas - farming & hunting - limited gov’t control - use of alcohol & clash with Indians

  9. Age of Enlightenment • asserted that human knowledge would improve society

  10. World of Print • Impact of printing press • William Bradford - 1st printer in Philadelphia (1680) • Boston (8 printers by 1740) • Printing sparked American Enlightenment

  11. Benjamin Franklin • 1732- Franklin’s Pennsylvania Gazette • best edited paper in America

  12. Benjamin Franklin • Intellectual debate almost non-existent - Franklin’s Junto Society (1727) - American Philosophical Society • Franklin’s inventions

  13. Poor Richards Almanac

  14. Conflicts in the Colonies

  15. Conflict w/ Spain • Spanish (FL) offered freedom to slaves • Stono Rebellion (S.C.) - largest slave revolt in colonies history - stole weapons / 25 killed

  16. Georgia: The failure of an Enlightened Utopia • King George II (1727-60) - founded in 1732 - populate with England’s “worthy poor” - protection S. Carolina - laws of Georgia / Savannah - population slump - became another S. C. by 1752

  17. North American settlements of Britain & France

  18. French & Indian War(1756-1763) • Settlements (p 119) • English desire to expand westward • conflicts w/ France (Ohio Valley) - French & Indian trade • Virginia sends Washington

  19. French & Indian War (continue) • Washington’s orders (1754) Albany Congress (align w/ Iroquois) - Franklin’s political cartoon (p 120)

  20. French & Indian War (continue) • 1756- war officially declared • British gather force of 60,000 • British make peace w/ Indians by 1758 - promise of land

  21. End of war • Spain’s neutrality • British concentrate on New France - 3 pronged war [p124] • Treaty of Paris ends war in 1763 - Britain acquired all of North America east of the Mississippi except for New Orleans (p 131)

  22. conclusion • France gives up American settlements • Britain now dominant power in North America • Spain ceded Florida • British proclamation line • Angers Indians

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