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Coevolution

Coevolution. Story of an Arms Race. Photo courtesy: www.supportusamilitary.org . What does it mean to Coevolve?. The two species must interact with each other within the same ecological system or community As they interact, the two species must put pressures on each other.

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Coevolution

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  1. Coevolution Story of an Arms Race

  2. Photo courtesy: www.supportusamilitary.org

  3. What does it mean to Coevolve? • The two species must interact with each other within the same ecological system or community • As they interact, the two species must put pressures on each other

  4. The Two Species Must Interact With Each Other • There are several ways different species interact • Two plant species may be vying for soil, sunlight or water • Two animal species may be vying for the same food source, territory or one might be the predator to the other • An animal species may be feeding on a particular plant species • A parasite species may favor a particular plant or animal species

  5. As They Interact, the Two Species Must Put Pressures on Each Other • What is the difference between biotic and abiotic evolution?1 • Biotic pressures are those listed previously such as predation or competition for resources (possibility of coevolution) • Abiotic pressures are non-living environmental features such as white snow, extreme temperature changes and chemical pollution (simple adaptation)

  6. Coevolution Definition • Coevolution is a change in the genetic composition of one species (or group) in response to a genetic change in another.2

  7. Simple Adaptation • The snowshoe hare changes its coat twice per year to be less conspicuous to predators such as the bobcat • The bobcat hasn’t adapted any particular change in vision to overcome this adaptation in the hare www.chariho.k12.ri.us www.manitoulinliving.com

  8. Coevolution • Some populations of the newt have developed tetrodotoxin in their skin for use as a defense • The garter snake preys on the newt in each community they are found together • Some communities have no toxin while others have what seems to be overkill • In each community, the toxicity of the newt matches the resistance of the garter snake http://evolution.berkeley.edu/evolibrary/article/biowarfare_01 ucreserve.ucsc.edu

  9. Other Examples for Further Research3 • Butterflies and their food plants • Human cattle coevolution • Prevalence of malaria and sickle-cell anaemia in human African populations

  10. Bibliography • http://evolution.berkeley.edu/evolibrary/article/0_0_0/biowarfare_01 • http://biomed.brown.edu/Courses/BIO48/27.Coevolution.HTML • http://www.jstor.org.

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