1 / 15

Preparing for Confined Area Operations

Preparing for Confined Area Operations. Mental Preparation Phase. At every phase of the confined area operations,you must consider your emergency procedures,you should have plans.You have no warranty that you are not going to experince an engine flame-out!

dansley
Télécharger la présentation

Preparing for Confined Area Operations

An Image/Link below is provided (as is) to download presentation Download Policy: Content on the Website is provided to you AS IS for your information and personal use and may not be sold / licensed / shared on other websites without getting consent from its author. Content is provided to you AS IS for your information and personal use only. Download presentation by click this link. While downloading, if for some reason you are not able to download a presentation, the publisher may have deleted the file from their server. During download, if you can't get a presentation, the file might be deleted by the publisher.

E N D

Presentation Transcript

  1. Preparing for Confined Area Operations Mental Preparation Phase • At every phase of the confined area operations,you must consider your emergency procedures,you should have plans.You have no warranty that you are not going to experince an engine flame-out! • Before you take off,you should calculate your chopper’s performance precisely,ie MTOGW,Max.Usable Tq., EGT’s or TGT’s yellow arc, IGE and OGE capability. • I ensure you,these numbers are so crucial for your decisions,thus for lives of your crew. • We are paid to make best decisions. • A pilot is a decision-maker who flies a contraption which requires so much talent and nerves like steel. 1/15

  2. Preparing for Confined Area Landings Reconnaisance Phase • I assume,you are unfamiliar with the terrain you are planning to land. **Well;we should begin with High Recce(Reconnaisance) to evaluate landing zone,WIND,LANDING,GOAROUND direction**  It is a circle-like pattern above landing zone.Altitude,diameter,speed are up to pilot,but they must be at minimums which provide enough field of vision(450 line of sight recommended) for pilot to asses the landing zone. CAUTION: Your landing zone is not only your touchdown point,the whole area under your Recce pattern should be taken as landing zone. 2/15

  3. Preparing for Confined Area Landings CHECKLIST FOR THE HIGH RECCE **Ask yourself questions,compare checklist with terrain during High Recce** • LANDING ZONE • OBSTACLES • FORCED LANDING AREAS • WIND • DIRECTION OF SUN AND SUN GLARE EFFECT • LANDING AND TAKE-OFF DIRECTIONS • GO-AROUND DIRECTION AND PATTERN • DOWNWIND-BASE LEG INTERSECTION POINT 3/15

  4. Preparing for Confined Area Landings Depiction of High Recce 4/15

  5. Preparing for Confined Area Landings Approach Phase • After having finished High Recce,turn your helicopter to downwind base leg intersection point,execute pre-landing checks. • On base leg;check your landing zone and craft again. NOTE: If you are familiar with the area,you may skip High Recce,but let me remind you something you know very well,wind is a good friend when you are into it,otherwise it is a real menace.So,before approach, designate wind direction precisely.Right-cross wind condition is not desired. 5/15

  6. Preparing for Confined Area Landings Approach Phase **Now,you are on final** • Follow your touchdown point-angle relation to initiate the approach. • When commencing approach,at the same time,let’s perform low recce. Carry out low recce untill you land. CHECKLIST FOR THE LOW RECCE • Obstacles(Again ) • Surface Condition • Touchdown Point • To-hover or To-ground Decision 6/15

  7. Preparing for Confined Area Landings Approach Phase • Choose your touchdown point at the last 1/3 section of the confined area. • Your descend angle should provide 10’ clearance over the highest obstacle between your touchdown point and your helicopter. • Always keep in your mind to lose transitional lift just before being over obstacles,or at LAST over obstacles.If there is someone at the back of helicopter,remind him to let you know that your tail rotor passes the obstacles.This would be very beneficial. CAUTION: IF YOU DECIDE TO GO AROUND,DOIT BEFORE LOSING YOUR TRANSITIONAL LIFT. IT IS BETTER TO TRY AGAIN THAN ENDANGERING ANY LIVES. 7/15

  8. Preparing for Confined Area Landings Depiction of The Aprooach Profile 8/15

  9. Preparing for Confined Area Landings Approach Phase • Land where you aim to land. • Keep your direction after entering the confined area. • Wait untill you are in the ground effect if you have difficulties with your pedals.(Do not panic or rush to pull collective,this will only worsen the situation) • It is essential to finish your approach with “ZERO” KT. and on the ground,if the surface condition is O.K. **Well,we haven’t finished yet** • Once on the ground,don’t feel relaxed.To be sure that your skids are standing solid to avoid dynamic rollover ,make smooth cyclic movements before lowering your collective fully down. 9/15

  10. Preparing for Confined Area Take-Offs Take-Off Phase **After having landed and known you are secure in the confined area, Ground Recce must be made for take-off planning. • CHECKLIST FOR THE GROUND RECCE • Surface Wind • Obstacles (Both on the climb path and in the confined area) • Planning take-off and climb(This includes performance planning) • Deciding take-off point • Hovering to take-off point 10/15

  11. Preparing for Confined Area Take-Offs Take-Off Phase • If the confined area is not wide enough to maneuver in,you have to take off where you have landed(of course,you trust your powerplant(s), you have enough power) • Choose a take-off direction which enables you the lowest height of obstacles,this will reduce your required Tq. • When taking off,check your instruments,at the same time glance at blade tips and obstacles. BLADE TIPS MUST BE OVER OBSTACLES ALWAYS (BTOO),this will help you to understand your profile allows you enough clearance over obstacles. CAUTION: On take-off,never let any directional deviation because you have a tail rotor.This is likely to happen under windy weather conditions especially you are at the same level with or over obstacles. 11/15

  12. Preparing for Confined Area Take-Offs Take-Off Phase • Do not rush to use your collective,be patient,remember(BTOO),it is just like what we do during landing,plan to gain your transitional lift over obstacles. If the confined area is wide enough to maneuver in,then hover to take-off point. Turns in the confined areas may be perilous,when maneuvering in, use extreme caution and open your all receptors,always observe outside and always BE OUT. After reaching your take-off point,execute your take-off under the light of principles mentioned above. 12/15

  13. Preparing for Confined Area Take-Offs Depiction of The Take-Off Profile 13/15

  14. Common Mistakes **Mistakes are not mistakes if we learn from them** Approaching without Recces(In spite of having enough time) • Designating wind direction wrongly • Approaching with inappropiate descend angle(too high or low) • Not maintaining steady descend angle • Not planning to land last 1/3 section of the confined area • Not losing and gaining transitional lift in proper area • Being unable to maintain descend profile after passing obstacles and letting sink rate increase more than desired. • Using collective excessively and quickly,thus causing RPM loss • Using more than neccessary power,thus flying well over obstacles 14/15

  15. I HAVE A REQUEST **Dear Friends; I really believe in SYNERGY. So,i want you to let me know my mistakes about this Confined Area Presentation. As all pilots,i need FEEDBACK,CONSIDERATION and EXPERIENCE. Thanks for your sincere interest and spending time with me. You may use this Confined Area Presentation,I’d be honored. With My Respect koryurek in Just Helicopters Mert ATILGAN Koryurek@lycos.com 15/15

More Related