UTILIZATION OF UAS’s FOR GLOBAL CLIMATE CHANGE RESEARCH A Summary and Synthesis of Workshop 3

1. UTILIZATION OF UAS’s FOR GLOBAL CLIMATE CHANGE RESEARCH A Summary and Synthesis of Workshop 3 TABLE OF CONTENTS Overview Page 2 Aerosols, Chemistry, Trace Gases, and Clouds Page 3 - 7 Carbon Cycle, Water Vapor, Greenhouse Gases and Radiation Fluxes Page 8 - 10 Cryosphere Page 11 - 13 Observing Systems Simulation Experiments (OSSEs) and International Observing Systems Page 14 Hurricanes Page 15 - 18 Appendix: Key Themes & Challenges Page 19 - 26 Contact Information Page 27

2. Overview On February 28th and March 1st, 2006, the NOAA Global Systems Division, NASA Science and Aeronautics Research Mission Directorates, and DOE Office of Science sponsored the third in a series of workshops on the Utilization of Unmanned Aerial Systems for Global Climate Change Research. Participants from NASA, NOAA, the Department of Energy, and other Federal agencies gathered together with researchers, scientists, and engineers to build upon the work completed in the first two workshops. The first workshop developed 11 science goals for UAS, the second workshop then focused on the technology gaps and roadmaps, and this workshop focused on the specific needs of the observation and modeling community. This session began with presentations on the use of UAS technology in meteorology and for climate monitoring in remote locations.  Focused collaborative work then followed, beginning in mixed discipline groups in which participants defined the various terms and processes used throughout the modeling and observation community. For the next activity, participants developed a list of data types that need to be collected in the following focus areas: • Aerosols, Chemistry, Trace Gases, and Clouds • Carbon Cycle, Water Vapor, Greenhouse Gases and Radiation Fluxes • Cryosphere • Observing Systems Simulation Experiments (OSSEs) and International Observing Systems • Hurricanes Each group then decided upon 5 high priority missions that could be developed in further detail, for which they defined additional mission parameters. For the remainder of the workshop the participants developed instrumentation and vehicle/platform requirements for each mission, and identified possible the gaps in existing technology and an approximate cost for development that would fill these gaps. Following the workshop, a small team then developed scenarios for short-term collaboration between NOAA, NASA and DOEto address improving hurricane forecasts. On behalf of the organizing team, our sincere thanks to all of the participants for their dedicated and focused work throughout the workshop!

3. Aerosols, Chemistry, Trace Gases, and Clouds Mission Summary

4. Aerosols, Chemistry, Trace Gases, and Clouds Mission Details background aerosols & clouds Ice particles & background aerosols

5. Aerosols, Chemistry, Trace Gases, and Clouds Sensors and Platforms

6. Aerosols, Chemistry, Trace Gases, and Clouds

7. Aerosols, Chemistry, Trace Gases, and Clouds Synthesis

8. Carbon Cycle, Water Vapor, Greenhouse Gases & Radiation Fluxes Mission Summary

9. Carbon Cycle, Water Vapor, Greenhouse Gases & Radiation Fluxes Mission Detail

10. Carbon Cycle, Water Vapor, Greenhouse Gases & Radiation Fluxes Sensors and Platforms

11. Cryosphere Mission Summary

12. Cryosphere Mission Detail Detailed Missions

13. Cryosphere: Sensors and Platforms

14. Observing Systems Simulation Experiments (OSSEs) and International Observing Systems Mission Summary

15. Hurricanes Mission Summary 2 km 50 km

16. Hurricanes 1 + 1’eyewall circuits Mission Detail 1’ model init 3 eye loiter 4 50 km

17. Hurricanes * Longer term technology investment * Survivability requirement * Data recoverability Sensors and Platforms

18. Hurricanes Sensors and Platforms non-model Research Environmental sensing model * Survivability requirement * Data recoverability research * Survivability requirement * Data recoverability

19. Appendix: Key Themes & Challenges During the first round of work, groups explored the key themes of the workshop, and examined issues such as terminology, objectives, questions, and modeling methods and issues across the entire range of workshop topics. The tables on the following slides present a combined summary of their thoughts concerning the current challenges facing those who are involved in modeling for: • Aerosols, Chemistry, Trace Gases, and Clouds • Carbon Cycle, Water Vapor, Greenhouse Gases and Radiation Fluxes • Cryosphere • Observing Systems Simulation Experiments (OSSEs) • Hurricanes.

20. Modeling and Observation Matrix: Aerosols, Chemistry, Trace Gases & Clouds

21. Modeling and Observation Matrix: Aerosols, Chemistry, Trace Gases & Clouds

22. Modeling and Observation Matrix: Carbon Cycle

23. Modeling and Observation Matrix: Radiation Fluxes

24. Modeling and Observation Matrix: Cryosphere

25. Modeling and Observation Matrix: OSSE

26. Modeling and Observation Matrix: Hurricanes

27. For further information please go to: http://uas.noaa.gov/workshops/ You may also contact: NASA Randy Albertson (661) 276-7540 randy_albertson@dfrc.nasa.gov NOAA Sara Summers (303) 497-4221 Sara.Summers@noaa.gov DOE Will Bolton (925) 294-2203 wrbolto@sandia.gov Contact Information Facilitation and Documentation by InnovationLabs www.innovationlabs.com Contact: Langdon Morris - 925 934 1786