The Executive Cabinet & Depts by Aye Student

1. The Executive Cabinet & Deptsby Aye Student

2. Federal Executive Branch The President is in charge of the executive branch and appoints advisors to help him oversee and operate the government departments which are sub-areas of the branch. Each department has its own headquarters and budget.

3. The Cabinet • The group of advisors is known as the President’s “Cabinet”. • Each Cabinet member called a “Secretary“ is in charge of a department.

4. The Federal Bureaucracy The executive branch consists of a network of the departments and thousands of agencies overseen by the President. Together they make up most of the Government’s actions and budget. Herein we review the most significant ones.

5. Bureaucracy • Bureaucracy is usually used as a negative reference to any government, but can also apply to organizations in the private sector –meaning not governmental. • It can be defined then, as, a organization with too many levels or parts that don’t communicate well with each other and become self-important to themselves.

6. Public Sector Employment • Each department employs thousands of people nationwide working in smaller agencies under them such as bureaus, commissions, offices, or administrations. • A civil servant or public servant is a civilian public sector employee working for a government department or agency.

7. Origins of the Cabinet • The Cabinet is not specifically in the Constitution, but the dept heads are referenced in Article 2 of the Constitution. • President James Madison gave it the label “Cabinet”. • The first Congress created the Depts of State, Treasury, War and the Post Office. War was later re-named and the P.O. was downgraded.

8. Today there are 15 Departments of the Federal Executive Branch • Earth Related Depts • Energy • Agriculture • Interior • Transportation • Depts Related to Borders • State • Defense • Homeland Security • Economic Related Depts • Treasury • Commerce • Labor • Housing & Urban Develop. • Depts for Citizens • Justice • Education • Health & Human Services • Veterans Affairs

9. Dept. of Energy (1977) Promotes national energy security by encouraging the development of reliable, clean, and affordable energy. *Nuclear Regulatory Agency *NASA –National Aeronautics and Space Administration (works with) *Federal Emergency Management System

10. Dept. of Agriculture (1889) Develops and executes policy on farming, agriculture, and food. *Animal and Plant Health Inspection Service *Food and Nutrition Service *Forest Service. *Farm Service Agency

11. Dept. of the Interior (1849) Protects and conserves the nation’s natural resources including the national parks, endangered species and water reservoirs while honoring our responsibilities to Native communities. *Bureau of Indian Affairs *Bureau of Land Management *U.S. Geological Survey. *Minerals Management Service

12. Dept. of Transportation (1966) Secures a fast, safe, efficient, accessible and convenient transportation system by land, sea, and air for all 50 states. *Federal Aviation Administration *National Highway Traffic Safety Administration *Maritime Administration. *National Railroad Administration

13. Dept. of State (1789) Develops and implements the foreign policy, represents the U.S. abroad, maintains diplomacy, secures foreign assistance and aid, and helps American citizens traveling and living outside the country. *United Nations *Foreign Embassies *Bureau of Counterterrorism *CIA –Central Intelligence Agency (works with)

14. Dept. of Defense (1789) Originally two depts. –War and Navy. Provides the military forces needed to deter war, protect the security of the country, and provide disaster relief. Headquarters is at the Pentagon. Most expensive dept. *US Army & National Guard *US Navy *US Air Force *NSA- National Security Agency

15. Dept. of Homeland Security (2002) Prevents and responds to terrorist attacks and natural disasters, protect the nation’s borders, and oversees immigration. The 3rd largest department was organized after the 9/11 attacks in 2001 consolidating 22 agencies. *Immigration & Naturalization Service *US Customs *FEMA-Federal Emergency Management Agency *Coast Guard

16. Dept. of Justice (1870) In charge of law enforcement, ensuring public safety, crime prevention and punishment. Secretary is called the Attorney General instead and is the chief legal counsel for the nation. *FBI –Federal Bureau of Investigation *Bureau of Prisons *ATF –Bureau of Alcohol, Tobacco & Firearms *US Marshall’s Office

17. Dept. of Education (1979) Promotes student achievement and preparation for competition in a global economy, ensures educational equity and access, oversees financial aid programs, collects data, and promotes instructional improvement. *Office of Federal Student Aid *National Center for Educational Statistics *Office of Special Education Programs

18. Dept. of Health & Human Services (1953) Conducts health and social science research, work to prevent disease outbreaks, assure food and drug safety, and administers Medicare and Medicaid. *National Institute of Health *FDA –Food & Drug Administration *Office of Surgeon General *CDC –Center for Disease Control

19. Dept. of Veteran Affairs (1989) Administers health, retirement, employment, educational and homeowner benefit programs for war veterans, their families and their survivors –nearly ¼ of Americans are elgible. Has one of the largest budgets. *Veterans Health Administration *Veterans Benefits Administration *National Cemetery Administration

20. Dept. of the Treasury (1789) Operates and maintains the nation's financial infrastructure, such as the production of coin and currency, the collection of taxes, and the borrowing of funds necessary to run the government. *Internal Revenue Service (IRS) *US Mint *Federal Reserve *FDIC –Federal Deposit Insurance Corporation

21. Dept. of Commerce (1903) Supports business and industry by issuing patents and trademarks, ensuring the effective use of scientific and technical resources, and promotes U.S. exports with international trade agreements. *Federal Trade Commission *Patent & Trademark Office *Census Bureau *National Weather Service (Yeah, we don’t get it either)

22. Dept. of Labor (1913) Oversees programs for ensuring a strong workforce including safe working conditions, retirement, unemployment, discrimination, wage standards, and collective bargaining. *Occupational Safety and Health Administration *Bureau of Labor Statistics *Employment and Training Administration *Office of Labor-Management Standards

23. Dept. of Housing & Urban Development (1965) Responsible for policies and programs that address housing needs, that improve and develop the nation's communities, assist with housing loans, and that enforce fair housing laws. HUD for short. *FHA –Federal Housing Administration *Office of Fair Housing and Equal Opportunity *Government National Mortgage Association (Ginnie Mae)

24. Other Independent Agencies(not assigned to a dept) NEA-National Endowment for the Arts FCC-Federal Communications Commission SEC-Securities and Exchange Commission Smithsonian Institution US Postal Service and many more …..

25. Other Gov’t Levels Have Similar Depts; But Some Dept Heads are Elected Separately • County & City Depts • Treasury • City & District Attorney, Sheriff (Justice) • Health Depts • Transportation Depts • Housing Authority • Business Development • State Executives Depts • Health Dept. • Transportation • Housing • Treasury • Environmental • Justice (Attorney General) • Insurance Commissioner • Commerce & Labor • Education Education is a state function. It’s small at federal level and very large at state level.

26. The Current Cabinet of President Obama • Department of the TreasurySecretary Jack Lewtreasury.gov • Department of DefenseSecretary Ashton Carterdefense.gov • Department of JusticeAttorney General Loretta E. Lynchusdoj.gov • Department of the InteriorSecretary Sally Jewelldoi.govDepartment of AgricultureSecretary Thomas J. Vilsackusda.govDepartment of CommerceSecretary Penny Pritzkercommerce.gov • Department of StateSecretary John Kerrystate.gov • Department of LaborSecretary Thomas E. Perezdol.gov • Department of Health and Human ServicesSecretary Sylvia Mathews Burwellhhs.govDepartment of Housing and Urban DevelopmentSecretary Julián Castrohud.govDepartment of TransportationSecretary Anthony Foxx • dot.govDepartment of EnergySecretary Ernest Monizenergy.govDepartment of EducationSecretary John Kinged.govDepartment of Veterans AffairsSecretary Robert McDonaldva.govDepartment of Homeland SecuritySecretary Jeh Johnsondhs.gov

27. Other Cabinet Level Officers of Pres. Obama • White House Chief of StaffDenis McDonough • Office of Management & BudgetDirector Shaun L.S. Donovanwhitehouse.gov/omb • United States Trade RepresentativeAmbassador Michael Fromanustr.gov • United States Mission to the United NationsAmbassador Samantha Powerusun.state.gov • Council of Economic AdvisersChairman Jason Furmanwhitehouse.gov/administration/eop/ceaSmall Business AdministrationAdministrator Maria Contreras-Sweetsba.gov • Environmental Protection AgencyAdministrator Gina McCarthyepa.gov

28. Connections • 12.4.4 California Standards for HS Government Discuss Article II of the Constitution as it relates to the executive branch, including eligibility for office and length of term, election to and removal from office, the oath of office, and the enumerated executive powers. • Chapter 15 MacGruder’s American Government Federal Bureaucracy, Office of the President, Executive Departments, Independent Agencies, Civil Service

29. Internet Sources • THE CONSTITUTION AND THE PRESIDENT’S CABINET, • December 20, 2016 by Chris Calabrese • https://constitutioncenter.org/blog/the-constitution-and-the-presidents-cabinet • WHITEHOUSE.GOV • Obama’s Cabinet • WIKIPEDIA (Dates) • https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/United_States_federal_executive_departments • OTHER GOV’T LEVELS • ca.gov • lacounty.gov • lacity.org • IMAGES • From Bing –rights of Creative Commons