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BIO 201 GENETICS Lecture #37 “Structural Genomics” Dr. Karen Schmeichel November 21, 2008

BIO 201 GENETICS Lecture #37 “Structural Genomics” Dr. Karen Schmeichel November 21, 2008. DNA Forensics lab report due 11/24 Lab 11/24: Ames Test Bring in an experimental material to test 12/1 Visiting speaker: Jacob Kagey. Business Items:. Objectives:.

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BIO 201 GENETICS Lecture #37 “Structural Genomics” Dr. Karen Schmeichel November 21, 2008

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  1. BIO 201 GENETICSLecture #37“Structural Genomics” Dr. Karen SchmeichelNovember 21, 2008

  2. DNA Forensics lab report • due 11/24 • Lab 11/24: Ames Test • Bring in an experimental • material to test • 12/1 Visiting speaker: • Jacob Kagey Business Items:

  3. Objectives: • Finish our discussion of Gene therapy • Discuss Genomics as the study of genes in • the context of entire genomes • Understand the Mapping approach to • Genomic sequencing as building a • complete outline before writing a paper • Compare this to Whole Genome shotgun • sequencing which relies more on • computer-assisted analysis

  4. WHAT ABOUT GENE THERAPY?

  5. CASE STUDY: Sometimes It Is All In the Genes “Part IV”

  6. Considering Entire Genomes Other Applications

  7. GENOMICS: The development and application of new mapping, sequencing and computational procedures to analyze the entire genome of organisms

  8. Other Applications • Genomics: • 3 Categories • Structural • Functional • Comparative

  9. Fig. 23.1/4 First Genome Sequenced: Human Mitochondria

  10. Human Genome Project Goals: • Identify all human genes and • comparative seqs. in model orgs. • Sequence 3.1 billion bases • Data >> public access • Transfer info to private/public • Address ethical issues SEE: www.ornl.gov/TechResources/Human_Genome/home.html

  11. Private Genomic Sequencing J. Craig Venter Celera Genomics http://www.pbs.org/kcet/wiredscience/video/289-craig_venter.html

  12. The Sequencing Race Proposed: 1986 Finished: 2003

  13. 2 Approaches to Sequencing Genomes: • Mapping • Whole-Genome • Shotgun

  14. A. Fig. 16.12 Step 1: Generate a High-density Genetic Map

  15. Map by: • Gene • By Unique Restriction Enzyme • STS – Unique sequence tag site • ESTs – expressed RNAs • Fish to map the fragment on • the chromosome .

  16. A. Fig. 10.1 Step 2: Physical Mapping of YAC/BAC Contigs

  17. A. Step 3:Sequence BAC clones Limited to ~ 500 bp/reaction

  18. 2 Approaches to Sequencing Genomes: • Mapping • Whole-Genome • Shotgun

  19. Private Genomic Sequencing DNA Prep DNA Sequencers

  20. B. Fig. 10.2 Whole Genome Shotgun (WGS) Approach ANIMATION Geneticsplace.com Ch. 10 (18) “Direct Shotgun Sequencing of Genomes”

  21. Take-Home Points: • Genomics is the study of the structural and functional elements of an entire genome • HGP and Celera genomics used two different approaches to derive genomic DNA sequences from human sources • Genomic information is now being used to understand the essence of life – asking questions about can we reproduce it in the lab?

  22. Assignments: New Quiz Material: Functional and Comparative Genomics 10:251-265 (or 18: 495-509) Problems: Ch 10: 1, 2, 6, 7, 13, 14 (same in Ch 18 of “Mendelian”)

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