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Alternative Winter Cover Crops and Systems for Virginia

Alternative Winter Cover Crops and Systems for Virginia. Cover crops offer the best opportunity to “intensify” our current row crop rotations Increase soil organic matter Retain and cycle nutrients Retain water Manage pests?. Species Demonstrations. Early Cover Hairy Vetch Common Vetch

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Alternative Winter Cover Crops and Systems for Virginia

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  1. Alternative Winter Cover Crops and Systems for Virginia

  2. Cover crops offer the best opportunity to “intensify” our current row crop rotations • Increase soil organic matter • Retain and cycle nutrients • Retain water • Manage pests?

  3. Species Demonstrations • Early Cover Hairy Vetch • Common Vetch • Wooly pod vetch (Lana) • Crimson Clover • Austrian Winter Peas • Sweet Lupins • Tillage Radish • Phacelia • Rye • Barley • Ryegrass • Spring oats • Barley+Crimson+tillage radish • Rye+Vetch+Pea+tillage radish • Rye+ryegrass+tillage radish • Spring oats+canola • Spring oat+tillage radish • Spring oat + barley • Barley+Crimson+Woolly Pod Vetch+Peas +tillage radish+canola • Ryegrass+Crimson+Woolly Pod Vetch+Peas +tillage radish+canola

  4. Rye Biomass 199 lb/ac 390 lb/ac 796 lb/ac 1100 lb/ac 2100 lb/ac 3490 lb/ac

  5. Summary • Fall growth • Rye, barley, and mixtures with them • Radish, phacelia, and spring oats • Spring growth • Rye, barley, and mixtures with them • Vetch and clover (depending on termination)

  6. Summary • Canola deserves a look • Mixtures were surprisingly good

  7. Mar 22, 2006 Rye+Vetch Early Rye+Vetch Late Oats Late

  8. Growth Response to Temperature 2250 550 38

  9. Species X Date Interseeded into Soybean, 2012-13. Average of 4 locations

  10. Aerial/Broadcast Seeding “Success”

  11. Aerial/Broadcast Seeding “Success”

  12. Rye Only Shen Valley – early September planting Planted before Oct 8 After Oct 25 Little/no rain after seeding

  13. Natural Leaf Drop Vs. Chemical Defoliation, Suffolk(Dual + Prowl PRE fb Roundup + FirstRate POST to Soybean) LSD = NS

  14. Natural Leaf Drop Vs. Chemical Defoliation, Blacksburg LSD = NS

  15. Wheat Stubble Management Effects on Winter Cover Establishment LSD = NS

  16. Cover Crop Species for Broadcast Seeding into Soybean Canopy(Dual + Prowl PRE fb Roundup + FirstRate POST to Soybean in Suffolk)

  17. Leaching and EFI • EFI = Precip * soil AWHC

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