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Can SAS Do Canvas? Creating Graphs Using HTML 5 Canvas Elements

Learn how to create interactive graphs using HTML 5 canvas elements in SAS. Understand canvas elements, compatibility, basic setup, coordinate system, coding in SAS, drawing lines, labels, shapes, and more.

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Can SAS Do Canvas? Creating Graphs Using HTML 5 Canvas Elements

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  1. Can SAS Do Canvas? Creating Graphs Using HTML 5 Canvas Elements Edwin J. van Stein Astellas Pharma Global Development

  2. Contents • What is a canvas element? • Compatibility • Getting started • Basic set-up • Coordinate system • Coding it in SAS • Identifying the canvas • Drawing lines, labels, shapes with straight lines and pie slices • Additional drawing methods • Additional attributes • Additional reading

  3. What is a canvas element? • Canvas \'kan-vəs\ : a piece of cloth backed or framed as a surface for a painting; also : the painting on such a surface • Part of HTML 5 specifications • Allows for dynamic scriptable rendering of 2D shapes and bitmap images • Has a height, width and id; no border or contents • Contents is added using JavaScript

  4. Compatibility • Native support latest versions: • Mozilla Firefox • Google Chrome • Safari • Opera • Internet Explorer 9 • Support in older versions of Internet Explorer using JS library (ExplorerCanvas), no plug-ins needed

  5. Basic set-up <html><head> <script type="text/javascript"> function drawit() { // JavaScript to draw on canvas goes here } </script> </head> <body onLoad="drawit();"> <canvas id="graph" width="601" height="401"> </canvas> </body></html>

  6. Canvas coordinate system • Y coordinate inverted compared to annotate in SAS

  7. Canvas coordinate system (cont.) • Drawing lines with a width of 1 pixel

  8. Coding it in SAS • DATA step writing to HTML file or _webout data canvas; file "C:\temp\pie.html"; set wins end=eof; if _n_=1 then do; end; if eof then do; end; run;

  9. Identifying the canvas • JS needs to know which canvas to draw on put 'var canvas = document.getElementById("graph");'; • JS needs to know which context of the canvas to use put 'var context = canvas.getContext("2d");';

  10. Drawing lines put 'context.beginPath();'; put 'context.moveTo(.5+' x1 +(-1) ',.5+' y1 +(-1) ');'; put 'context.lineTo(.5+' x2 +(-1) ',.5+' y2 +(-1) ');'; put 'context.lineWidth=1;'; put 'context.strokeStyle="black";'; put 'context.stroke();';

  11. Drawing lines (result)

  12. Drawing labels put 'context.font="bold 16px sans-serif";'; put 'context.textBaseline="top";'; put 'context.textAlign="center";'; put 'context.fillStyle="black";'; put 'context.fillText("' text +(-1) '",.5+300,.5+25);';

  13. Drawing labels (result)

  14. Drawing shapes with straight lines put 'context.beginPath();'; put 'context.moveTo(.5+' x +(-1) '+' size +(-1) '/2,.5+' y +(-1) '+' s +(-1) '/2);'; put 'context.lineTo(.5+' x +(-1) '+' size +(-1) '/2,.5+' y +(-1) '-' s +(-1) '/2);'; put 'context.lineTo(.5+' x +(-1) '-' size +(-1) '/2,.5+' y +(-1) '-' s +(-1) '/2);'; put 'context.lineTo(.5+' x +(-1) '-' size +(-1) '/2,.5+' y +(-1) '+' s +(-1) '/2);'; put 'context.closePath();';

  15. Drawing shapes with straight lines (cont.) put 'context.lineWidth=1;'; put 'context.strokeStyle="black";'; put 'context.stroke();'; put 'context.fillStyle="red";'; put 'context.fill();';

  16. Drawing shapes with straight lines (result)

  17. Drawing pie slices put 'context.beginPath();'; put 'context.moveTo(300,250);'; put 'context.arc(300,250,100,0,0.076*Math.PI*2,false);'; put 'context.closePath();'; • arc(x, y, radius, start angle, end angle, anti clockwise boolean);

  18. Drawing pie slices (cont.) put 'context.lineWidth=1;'; put 'context.strokeStyle="black";'; put 'context.stroke();'; put 'context.fillStyle="red";'; put 'context.fill();';

  19. Drawing pie slices (result)

  20. Additional drawing methods • strokeText() • quadraticCurveTo(), bezierCurveTo() and arcTo()

  21. Additional drawing methods (cont.) • createLinearGradient(), createRadialGradiant() and addColorStop() • createPattern() • drawImage()

  22. Additional attributes • globalCompositeOperation

  23. Additional attributes (cont.) • lineCap: butt (default), round or square • lineJoin: round, bevel or miter (default) • miterLimit

  24. Additional attributes (cont.) • globalAlpha • shadowOffsetX, shadowOffsetY, shadowBlur and shadowColor

  25. Additional reading • In the paper: • Mouse over events • Multiple canvas graphs on a page • sasCommunity.org • The presentation • The paper • Example code

  26. Questions? nl.linkedin.com/in/ejvanstein ejvanstein@gmail.com

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