MALKHAZ JABUA

1. Forschungszentrum Juelich / FZJ • GEORGIAN Technical • Universuty (GTU) • MALKHAZ JABUA • 1st course PhD student of GTU (Supervisors Prof. L. Imnaishvili) • Prof. D. Gotta READOUT UPGRADE OF THE JUELICH X-ray DETECTOR • Georgian-German school and workshop in Basic Science 10. 08. 2012 TBILISI, GEORGIA

2. Structure of Presentation General overview of what I do Exeriment I’m involved at Forschungszentrum What I did and achieved during my stay at Forschungszentrum (Master Thesis) Activities planned in nearest future My expectations

3. Motivation at IKP/ FZJ • Exploring the details of atomic shells • Measurement of X-ray energies from various samples at ultimate resolution • One of the target objects - Barium Compounds 90 eV 5.8 keV Lγ 2,5 • Metallic Barium 420 meV • Barium vapour 1 ch=147 meV Fig. 1Barium Energy Spectrum

4. Shortly about the X-rays Wavelength 0.01- 10 nm Frequency3·1016Hz - 3·1031Hz USAGE: Energy 120 eV- 120 keV MEDICAL SPHERE: • Imaging, diagnosis, treatment • Computer tomography • Radiotherapy INDUSTRY : • Airport security control • Baggage quick check X-RAY CRYSTALLOGRAPHY : • Studing the structure of crystals or molecules Fig. 2X-ray fluorescence Photon energy E= h · f

5. How we reach the ultimate precision of X-ray ENERGY measurement? First order AB=BC=d·sin θB Bragg Law Fig .3Crystal Lattice nλ=2d·sinθB E=hc/λ

6. Spherically bent crystal spectrometers Advantages: • High efficiency of X-ray detection • Possibility to measure X-rays in an energy interval simultaneously • X-rays reflected from the crystal are focused on detector’s sensitive surface at high precision Focal Condition Fig .4Scheme of spherically bent crystal spectrometer Y=RC·sinθB

7. Juelich Spectrometer Fig .5 Juelich Spectrometer MALKHAZ JABUA10/08/2012 | Slide 7

8. Working Principle of CCD detector Charge created by photo effect Fig .6Detector operates as - „Bucket Brigade“.

9. Detector Construction 2 x 3 CCD array Sensitive area 24 mm x 24 mm per chip 600 x 600 square pixels of size 40 µm per chip Detector thickness - 350 µm Fig . 7Detector Construction.

10. Detector Setup Cooling dewar of detector. Cryostat valve. Turbomolecular pump. Cooling circuit. Inner board for the digital signals distribution. Aluminum shield of detector. Detector chips. Outer board for the digital signals distribution. Detector support. Temperature Isolators. Temperature distribution inner board. Fig.8Detector System.

11. An old readout system that we had when I came to FZJ Temperature Controller T. C. PC Analog signal amplifier ADC L1-L9 R1-R9 Temperatures Drive card 1 Clock driver / multiplexor Drive card 2 Vacuum Cryostat 1 4 P/A P/A T. A. 2 5 P/A P/A 3 6 P/A P/A Weak Point Source of disadvantages Temperature Acquisition Device Fig. 9An old readout system structure

12. Disadvantages of an old readout system • LOW TOTAL SPEED OF READOUT FROM DETECTORS Reasons: Low efficiency of detector readout software. Necessity of signal multiplexing, causing additional timing delays. Solution: Development of the software, simultaneously generating the signals for 6 CCDs, thus effectively eliminating the need of their multiplexing. • LOW LEVEL OF RELIABILITY AND EFFICIENCY Reason: Mix-up of personal computer’s standard electronics and detector’s specific hardware. Solution: Physical and logical separation of upper mentioned hardware resources.

13. RENEWED readout system of detectror. What we did here? CRATE Labview R PC Temperature Controller Fiber Optics 1 x optical PCI bridge T. C. 1 x sequencer Outer Electronics Crate Linux PC L1-L9 R1-R9 Temperatures 2 x ADCs Vacuum Cryostat T. A. 1 4 P/A P/A 2 5 P/A P/A NEW readout SYSTEM Projected at ZEL/ FZJ 3 6 P/A P/A Temperature Acquisition Device Fig.10 The NEW readout scheme for the detectors.

14. Radioactive source we use at present 55Fe ( 55Mn)* Ka : E = 5892 eV Mn Kb : E = 6490 eV Mn Int Ka / Int Kb 7.2

15. First tests with 55Fe Noise counts Kα Kβ channels Fig. 11 ADC spectrum.

16. What I did and achieved during my stay at IKP/FZJ Juelich Participation in a detector electronics setup process Design and realization of detectors’ new readout software and hardware resources and it’s adaption to the demands of real time experiment RESULT: Accelerated system performance by the factor of three Creation of software modules which decodes and logically organizes the data taken from ADC units. RESULT: New more flexible and user friendly software for CCD data analysis Taking part in a collaboration to set up user friendly temperature monitoring and control system based on LABVIEW software GENERAL GOAL: Flexible and reliable readout system for data processing and analysis

17. FUTURE PLANS at IKP/ FZJ Optimization of the operating parameters of the detectors Optimization of hardware and software modules serving the system After successful tests, detector mounting in a crystal spectrometer X-ray energy measurements from different compounds

18. FUTURE PLANS at IEK/ FZJ Research of an internal friction inside solid materials at different temperatures . Disadvantages of current research appliances: • Unstabilityand correspondingly the low precision level of measurements, caused by the use of thread. • Impossibility of automatization and computerization. 7-8-9-10 Hanging system for the Pendelum (1) through the thread (7). 5- speciment, 6- oven. Fig. 12 Design of current infra-low frequency relaxometer for the measurement of an internal Friction inside solid materials at different temperatures.

19. NEW type of relaxometer Electromagnets for excitation of torsional vibrations –22, lighter – 25, focusing lens –26, mirror –27, differential photoresistor –28. Fig.13-14.Design of the new infra-low frequency automated relaxometer (without thread) for the measurement of an internal Friction inside solid materials at different temperatures.

20. STEPS TO BE DONE Build-up and test of an unique appliance for the measurement of an internal friction inside solids materials Development of software product for readout and analysis of the data taken from experiments Examination of projected hardware and software resources in real time experimental conditions High precision measurement and data analysis

21. Name of research work Monitoring and control of physical processes inside technological and experimental research appliances

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