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Command Syntax Using the DIR Command with Parameters and Wildcards

Chapter 2. Command Syntax Using the DIR Command with Parameters and Wildcards. Overview. Will learn to read a syntax diagram and explain the function of each part of the diagram. Overview. Will learn some basic commands, their syntax, and how to make commands more specific. Overview.

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Command Syntax Using the DIR Command with Parameters and Wildcards

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  1. Chapter 2 Command Syntax Using the DIR Command with Parameters and Wildcards Ch 2

  2. Overview Will learn to read a syntax diagram and explain the function of each part of the diagram. Ch 2

  3. Overview Will learn some basic commands, their syntax, and how to make commands more specific. Ch 2

  4. Overview Will be able to define prompts and explain how they are used. Ch 2

  5. Overview The purpose and function of defaults will be explained. Ch 2

  6. Overview Will learnhow to change the default drive and directory. Ch 2

  7. Overview Will learn how to use subdirectories and wildcards with the DIR command. Ch 2

  8. Overview The purpose and function of redirection will be explained and then will learn how to redirect the output of the DIR command to a file or a printer. Ch 2

  9. Overview Will learn to use the Online Help feature. Ch 2

  10. Command Syntax All languages have rules or conventions for speaking and writing. Ch 2

  11. Command Syntax To communicate with computer at command line prompt: • Learn its language(commands) • Follow its syntax(word order) • Use correct punctuation Ch 2

  12. Command Syntax The graphical user interface in Windows operating system uses syntax and rules. Ch 2

  13. What Are Parameters? Parameter: • Information to modify or qualify a command Ch 2

  14. What Are Parameters? Parameters can be: • Variable • Fixed Ch 2

  15. What Are Parameters? Variable parameter: • x + y = z Ch 2

  16. What Are Parameters? Fixed parameter: • x + 5 = z Ch 2

  17. Reading a Syntax Diagram Command line interface language has: • Vocabulary (commands) • Grammar (punctuation) • Syntax (order) Ch 2

  18. Reading a Syntax Diagram DIR command syntax used earlier: DIR [drive:] [path] [filename] [/A [[:] attributes]] [/B] [/C] [/D] [/L] [/N] [/O[[:] sortorder]] [/P] [/Q] [/S] [/T[[:] timefield]] [/W] [/X] [4] Ch 2

  19. Using Fixed Parameters with the DIR Command Fixed parameter: • Referred to as a switch. • Begins with / (the slash). Ch 2

  20. Using Fixed Parameters with the DIR Command • Slash= forward slash (/). • \ = Backslash. Ch 2

  21. Using Fixed Parameters with the DIR Command DIR command with /P parameter displays one screen of information at a time. Ch 2

  22. Using Fixed Parameters with the DIR Command Notes for lab activities: • Check notes at beginning of each activity • At end of work session return to Windows desktop and follow shut-down procedure • Know your laboratory procedures • If system varies from text refer to the Configuration Table in Chapter 1.6 Ch 2

  23. Activity—Using Fixed Parameters with DIR Command KEY CONCEPTS: • Clear Screen • Display directory using: • /P parameter • /W parameter • /P /W parameters • Delimiter Ch 2

  24. Using File Names as Variable Parameters File specification (name) consists of: • File name • File extension Ch 2

  25. Using File Names as Variable Parameters Conventions for Naming Files • All files in directory (subdirectory) must have unique names. • File names - mandatory - may be less than but no longer than 256 characters • File extensions - usually three characters long. • Following characters illegal - may NOT be used in file name: \ / : * ? < > | • All other characters, including periods and spaces, are legal in Windows file names. Ch 2

  26. Using File Names as Variable Parameters • File name reflects subject of file. • File extension usually given by application creating file. Ch 2

  27. Using File Names as Variable Parameters When naming files, many older 16-bit application packages adhere to older 8.3 DOS rules. Ch 2

  28. Using File Names as Variable Parameters • Can locate specific file by using file name. • Give DIR command information about file you seek: DIR [drive:] [path] [filename] [/P] [/W] Ch 2

  29. Using File Names as Variable Parameters • In some syntax diagrams you will see: [filename[.ext]] • If a file name has an extension, it must be included. Ch 2

  30. Using File Names as Variable Parameters A dot (.), delimiter, is used between file name and file extension. Example: MYFILE.TXT Ch 2

  31. Activity—Using a File Name as a Variable Parameter KEY CONCEPTS: • System messages • DIR command with long file names • File extensions - more than 3 characters • 8.3 file name • Use of quotation marks • Use of /x parameter • How 8.3 name derived from LFN • Reasons for keeping file names short/concise Ch 2

  32. Command Line Editing Can reuse last command keyed in without rekeying it: • <F1> - recalls one letter at a time • <F3> - recalls entire command line Ch 2

  33. Command Line EditingTable 2.1 Editing Keys Command Summary p. 53 Ch 2

  34. Command Line EditingTable 2.1 Editing Keys Command Summary p. 53 Ch 2

  35. Command Line EditingTable 2.1 Editing Keys Command Summary p. 53 Ch 2

  36. Activity—Using Command Editing KEY CONCEPT: • Use editing keys to recall and edit commands • Overstrike mode • Insert mode • Delete line quickly by using <Esc> key • How to search for previously entered command Ch 2

  37. Drives as Device Names Device is a place to read information from/to. Ch 2

  38. Drives as Device Names Disk drives have assigned device names. Ch 2

  39. Defaults Default: • Implied instructions • Value used unless another value is specified Ch 2

  40. Defaults As an example, when A: \ > is displayed on screen it is the: • Prompt • Default drive • Designated or logged drive Ch 2

  41. Activity—Working with the Default KEY CONCEPTS: • “Shelling out to DOS” • Using Default drive • Determining drive to be searched • Why DIR A: HELLO TXT is a very clear request Ch 2

  42. Brief Introduction to Subdirectories—The Path Subdirectories: • Used primarily on hard disks Ch 2

  43. Brief Introduction to Subdirectories—The Path Subdirectories permit the . . . • grouping of files by type. • disk to be divided into smaller more manageable sections. Ch 2

  44. Brief Introduction to Subdirectories—The Path Ch 2

  45. Brief Introduction to Subdirectories—The Path Root directory: • Created and named by OS when disk is formatted • Indicated by the backslash (\) Ch 2

  46. Brief Introduction to Subdirectories—The Path • Other subdirectories created and named by user. • Naming rules same as rules for naming files. Ch 2

  47. Brief Introduction to Subdirectories—The Path • First backslash - root directory • Following backslashes – delimiters. Ch 2

  48. Brief Introduction to Subdirectories—The Path Path: • Route followed by OS to locate, save, and/or retrieve a file • Subdirectory name Ch 2

  49. Brief Introduction to Subdirectories—The PathFig 2.1 File Cabinets and Subdirectories p.63 Ch 2

  50. Activity—Using Path with the DIR Command KEY CONCEPTS: • Delimiter for path names • Backslash (first and others) Ch 2

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