Our Solar System

1. Our Solar System Saima Ahmed Prof. Haley – EDCI 519

2. Site Map Mercury Jupiter Venus Moon Earth Saturn Uranus Mars Neptune Useful Links - Acknowledgements Pluto

3. Sun – Our Star Astronomical Symbol for Sun Comet flying past our Sun The Sun is the star of our Solar System All planets revolve around the Sun Sun is made up of 92.1% hydrogen and 7.8% helium It is extremely hot with a surface temperature of 10,000 F Size of Sun compared to the planets

4. Sooraj – Humara Sitara Astronomical Symbol for Sun Comet flying past our Sun The Sun is the star of our Solar System All planets revolve around the Sun Sun is made up of 92.1% hydrogen and 7.8% helium It is extremely hot with a surface temperature of 10,000 F Size of Sun compared to the planets

5. Mercury Astronomical Symbol for Mercury Mercury, the messenger of the Roman gods Planet closest to the Sun – Second smallest planet Mercury has no moons Speeds around sun faster than any planet (every 88 days) Surface temperature during daytime = 800 F Surface temperature during nighttime = -280 F

6. Mercurio Astronomical Symbol for Mercury Mercury, the messenger of the Roman gods Planet closest to the Sun – Second smallest planet Mercury has no moons Speeds around sun faster than any planet (every 88 days) Surface temperature during daytime = 800 F Surface temperature during nighttime = -280 F

7. More Facts and Figures Image of Caloris Basin taken by Mariner 10 A complex crater marked by terraces and a central peak back

8. Venus Astronomical Symbol for Venus Image of terrain on Venus taken by the Magellan spacecraft Similar to Earth in size, density and composition Planet closest to the Earth – It has no moons Covered by a thick rapidly spinning atmosphere Surface temperature hot enough to melt lead Surface pressure 90 times that of Earth Venus, the Roman goddess of love and beauty

9. Nogah Astronomical Symbol for Venus Image of terrain on Venus taken by the Magellan spacecraft Similar to Earth in size, density and composition Planet closest to the Earth – It has no moons Covered by a thick rapidly spinning atmosphere Surface temperature hot enough to melt lead Surface pressure 90 times that of Earth Venus, the Roman goddess of love and beauty

10. More Facts and Figures Magellan image showing the terrain elevation on Venus Impact craters back

11. Earth – Our Planet Astronomical Symbol for Earth Weather patterns on Earth Satellite image of El Nino in Pacific Earth is the only planet whose English name does not derive From Greek/Roman mythology Third planet in our Solar System from the Sun Only known planet to support life A complex interactive system of air, water, land and life

12. Zamin – Humara Sayara Astronomical Symbol for Earth Weather patterns on Earth Satellite image of El Nino in Pacific Earth is the only planet whose English name does not derive From Greek/Roman mythology Third planet in our Solar System from the Sun Only known planet to support life A complex interactive system of air, water, land and life

13. Earth’s Moon Astronomical Symbol for Moon Apollo 12 astronaut Charles Conrad visits Surveyor 3, a robotic spacecraft that landed on the moon three years earlier First step of man on the Moon July 1969 Earth viewed from the Moon Earth’s only natural satellite 384, 400 km away from Earth (Are we there yet?) Neil Armstrong was the first human to walk on the lunar surface

14. Zamin ka Chand Astronomical Symbol for Moon Apollo 12 astronaut Charles Conrad visits Surveyor 3, a robotic spacecraft that landed on the moon three years earlier First step of man on the Moon July 1969 Earth viewed from the Moon Earth’s only natural satellite 384, 400 km away from Earth (Are we there yet?) Neil Armstrong was the first human to walk on the lunar surface

15. Mars Astronomical Symbol for Mars False color (blue) shows where water ice is buried beneath the martian surface in this Mars Odyssey image Mars rover photographed its empty landing platform after it rolled onto the surface of Mars at Gusev Crater Sphere like grains that once may have formed in water appear blue in this false color image taken by Mars rover Opportunity near its landing site Mars has the largest volcanic mountain in the Solar System Mars could have large amount of water ice close to surface Red color of Martian soil is due to the presence of iron oxides Mars has two moons Named after Roman god of war

16. Ares Astronomical Symbol for Mars False color (blue) shows where water ice is buried beneath the martian surface in this Mars Odyssey image Mars rover photographed its empty landing platform after it rolled onto the surface of Mars at Gusev Crater Sphere like grains that once may have formed in water appear blue in this false color image taken by Mars rover Opportunity near its landing site Mars has the largest volcanic mountain in the Solar System Mars could have large amount of water ice close to surface Red color of Martian soil is due to the presence of iron oxides Mars has two moons Named after Roman god of war

17. More Facts and Figures Chances are that life may exist on Mars, but not likely in the form Hollywood would prefer Life would probably be as single or multi-cell organisms You should be able to dunk the basketball on Mars Its gravity is 1/3rd of Earth’s Gullies suggest that water has recently flowed on Mars At the Martian equator, the temperature at your feet will be like a warm spring day, but at head level it would be freezing Mars rover Opportunitylanded near the ‘Endurance Crater’ back

18. Jupiter Astronomical Symbol for Jupiter The king of gods in Roman mythology The most massive planet in our Solar System Four planet sized moons and many smaller moons (total = 62) Jupiter has the largest number of moons in the Solar System Atmosphere comprises of hydrogen and helium Jupiter’s ring system

19. Mushtarie Astronomical Symbol for Jupiter The king of gods in Roman mythology The most massive planet in our Solar System Four planet sized moons and many smaller moons (total = 62) Jupiter has the largest number of moons in the Solar System Atmosphere comprises of hydrogen and helium Jupiter’s ring system

20. More Facts and Figures Voyager 1 image of Jupiter’s Great Red Spot The Great Red Spot is a hurricane-like storm system Jupiter’s Great Red Spot is large enough to hold three Earths back

21. Saturn Astronomical Symbol for Saturn Roman god of agriculture Galileo Galilei discovered Saturn in 1610 Saturn is 755 times larger than Earth Rings of Saturn extend hundreds of thousands kilometer Rings are made of mostly water ice and rocks Saturn has 47 known moons An ultraviolet image of Saturn’s ring show more water At the outer edge of the rings

22. Kayvon Astronomical Symbol for Saturn Roman god of agriculture Galileo Galilei discovered Saturn in 1610 Saturn is 755 times larger than Earth Rings of Saturn extend hundreds of thousands kilometer Rings are made of mostly water ice and rocks Saturn has 47 known moons An ultraviolet image of Saturn’s ring show more water At the outer edge of the rings

23. More Facts and Figures Saturn is less dense than water. It could float in a bathtub if a bathtub large enough for it could be built Cassini spacecraft image showing the true color of Saturn rings back

24. Uranus Astronomical Symbol for Uranus The dark ‘polar hood’ of Uranus showing a veil of ice and dust Image from the Keck Observatory showing the ring of Uranus Uranus is 2870.97 million km away from the Sun Uranus has 27 known moons The moons are mostly named after works of Shakespeare and Pope Named after the Greek supreme god

25. Urano Astronomical Symbol for Uranus The dark ‘polar hood’ of Uranus showing a veil of ice and dust Image from the Keck Observatory showing the ring of Uranus Uranus is 2870.97 million km away from the Sun Uranus has 27 known moons The moons are mostly named after works of Shakespeare and Pope Named after the Greek supreme god

26. Neptune Astronomical Symbol for Neptune Voyager 2’s image of Neptune’s mysterious Great Dark Spot The clouds in the image have been estimated to be about 31 miles tall Neptune is 4.5 billion km away from Sun Neptune was located through mathematical prediction rather than direct observation Atmosphere comprises of hydrogen, helium and methane Effective temperature = -353 F Neptune has 13 known moons Named after the Roman god of sea

27. Neptun Astronomical Symbol for Neptune Voyager 2’s image of Neptune’s mysterious Great Dark Spot The clouds in the image have been estimated to be about 31 miles tall Neptune is 4.5 billion km away from Sun Neptune was located through mathematical prediction rather than direct observation Atmosphere comprises of hydrogen, helium and methane Effective temperature = -353 F Neptune has 13 known moons Named after the Roman god of sea

28. Pluto Astronomical Symbol for Pluto Pluto’s moon Charon is nearly half its own size – large! Named after the Roman god of the underworld Pluto is the smallest , coldest and most distant planet Pluto is mostly brown and is probably covered with methane frost Surface temperature = -387 to -369 F One known moon named Charon One Pluto year = 248 Earth years

29. Pluton Astronomical Symbol for Pluto Pluto’s moon Charon is nearly half its own size – large! Named after the Roman god of the underworld Pluto is the smallest , coldest and most distant planet Pluto is mostly brown and is probably covered with methane frost Surface temperature = -387 to -369 F One known moon named Charon One Pluto year = 248 Earth years

30. Useful Links - Acknowledgements The material used in this hypermedia presentation was obtained from the following websites. The permission to use the material for educational purposes is gratefully acknowledged. Users are encouraged to follow the links for more detailed information on our Solar System http://sse.jpl.nasa.gov/index.cfm http://hubblesite.org http://www.enchantedlearning.com/subjects/astronomy/planets/ More Solar System related fun stuff, games and quizzes can be found at: http://kidsatronomy.com/solar_system.htm http://www.siec.k12.in.us/~west/proj/space/quiz.htm