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Bioenergy at the MU Bradford Research and Extension Center

Bioenergy at the MU Bradford Research and Extension Center. Buildings. Utilize Alternative Forms of Energy. Pesticide Storage Facility Passive Heat and Air Exchange. Use ground heat to keep the pesticide storage area above freezing in the winter and cool in the summer.

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Bioenergy at the MU Bradford Research and Extension Center

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  1. Bioenergy at the MU Bradford Research and Extension Center

  2. Buildings Utilize Alternative Forms of Energy

  3. Pesticide Storage FacilityPassive Heat and Air Exchange • Use ground heat to keep the pesticide storage area above freezing in the winter and cool in the summer. • Also air exchanges of 6 times per hour

  4. Passive Solar Greenhouse • Aren’t all Greenhouses Solar? • Yes, but a Passive Solar Greenhouse does not use an artificial heat source • Instead water, concrete, or some other heat holding material

  5. Heat Source • Black 55 gallon Barrels filled with water • Rule of Thumb-2.5 gallons/ ft2 of glazing for season extension or 5 gallons/ft2 for all season

  6. Temperature During January

  7. Greenhouse Dailey Low and Water High and Low

  8. Passive Solar Greenhouse

  9. Additional Idea • South Hip Wall Plastic being able to be rolled up and down • Allow for cooling in the warmer weather • Can be raised or lowered each day • Sealed down during the winter.

  10. Corn Stove For Our Greenhouse 30 x 40 ft Greenhouse Corn Stove

  11. Corn Stove • How Much Corn Do You Use? • In a insulated house on a cold day about 1 bushel/day • On a cold night in the greenhouse about 5-6 bushels • A 30 x 96 greenhouse uses about 200 gallons of propane per night when it is 15 degrees F

  12. Greenhouse

  13. New Outside Furnace in Main Building • Stainless Steel • Pallet Burner • Saves 9,000 gallons of Propane each year

  14. New Conference Center

  15. Alternative Energy Sources • Solar and Wind Combination • 10 kWatt System • 700 kwatt/month • $75,000 • Payback –probably not • Educational Value

  16. Wind Anemometer • Wind Anemometer Project with DNR • Measure the wind quality at 66 ft for one year

  17. Collaboration with Pipeline Freight Company • Building a Machine to compress switchgrass and corn stover into pellets. • Test Fired in our outside

  18. Fuel vs Food Controversy With CellulosticEthanol or Other Biofuel? • Corn-1/3 Ethanol, 1/3 Distillers Grain, 1/3 CO2 • Cellulosic Ethanol or Pelleting-100% Fuel • No animal feed

  19. Grass Monocultures For Biofuels • A monoculture of a grass will be essentially a desert for wildlife • Livestock? • Cost is driven up by N fertilizer • What if we had a mixed stand?

  20. Diverse Stands • Minnesota Study Published in Science (Tillman et. al., 2006) Found More Biomass and Biofuel Potential When As The Diversity Increased • Use of Natives?

  21. Diverse Stands • Use of Native Legumes for a N source • Also Provide Flexibility for Livestock

  22. Forbs and Legumes

  23. Diverse Stand • At MU Bradford Research and Extension Center • Low Input/High Diverse compared to a High Input/Monoculture • 18 different forbs and legumes • Switchgrass and Big Bluestem • Cutting Height • Seasonal Harvests Depending on Need

  24. Comparison of Various Crops for Biofuel Production • Compare different crops for their ethanol production capibilities. • Native Warm Season Grasses, Miscanthus, Corn for grain and stover

  25. Treatments • Miscanthus • Switchgrass • Big Bluestem • Indiangrass • Sweet Sorghum • Continuous Corn-Grain • Continuous Corn-Grain and Stover • Corn/Soybean rotation for Grain • Tall Fescue as a control

  26. BioFuels Project • Look at Economics • Look at Soil Properties • If remove large amount of biomass what is that going to do to soil properties

  27. Biofuels Nursery • Grasses for Ethanol • Switchgrass, Indiangrass, Eastern Gamma, Big Bluestem, Miscanthus • Grains and Sugar Crops for Ethanol • Corn, Grain Sorghum, Sweet Sorghum, Sugar Cane, Sugar Beets • Oil Crops • Soybeans, Canola, and Sunflower

  28. What Are Others Doing at Bradford? • Felix Fritschi • Sweet Sorghum • Varieties • N timing • Bill Wiebold • Corn Stover removal • Cover crops

  29. Questions?

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