Happy Monday!!

1. Happy Monday!! Turn in your Revolutionary Period Anticipation Guide We will go over the test, and take notes today!

2. American Revolution French and Indian War

4. What’s Going on? • France is Great Britain’s biggest rival in the struggle to build a world empire • Area of contention is the OHIO RIVER VALLEY

5. France in the New World • 1608-1st city/settlement Quebec- Canada • 1689- claimed the entire Mississippi Valley, naming Louisiana after King Louis XIV • There is a smaller population of French colonists than English colonists • They have friendlier relations with the natives • Need their help with trade

6. France Fans Out • The French fan out by following the beaver • Beaver fur was a profitable export • Started to collide with English colonies • Jesuits- French Missionaries spread out to convert Natives to Christianity • Fan out along the Ohio River Valley

7. Colonial Turf Wars • French build Ft. Duquesne at the point where the Allegheny and Monongahela rivers join to form the Ohio River (modern day Pittsburgh) • Virginia had previously granted 200,000 acres of land in the Ohio country to wealthy planters • VA governor sent a militia to evict the French • Led by George Washington • Established Fort Necessity near Duquesne fought with the French and was forced to surrender

8. Albany Plan of Union 7/13 colonies meet to discuss uniting against the French Benjamin Franklin drew this cartoon to encourage the colonies to unite

9. What kind of fighting is this?? • 1755- General Braddock was sent it to drive the French out of the Ohio River Valley • Was ambushed by the French and their Native American allies (Guerilla Warfare)

10. Send in Pitt • King George II send in William Pitt in 1757 and the British army finally began winning battles • All of a sudden the Iroquois wanted to support the British

11. Turning Point • 1759, Plains of Abraham just outside of Quebec • British troops, under General James Wolfe, surprise attack the town of Quebec • Led them to victory in the war

12. Treaty of Paris 1763 • Great Britain claims all of North America east of the Mississippi • Includes Florida • Spain gained the French lands west of the Mississippi river • Includes New Orleans • France gets a few islands near Newfoundland and in the West Indies

14. Effects of the war on Colonies Colonists learned to unite against a common foe Created a socializing experience for all colonies who participated Bitter feelings towards the British that would only intensify

15. Effects of the war on England • War increased Britain’s colonial empire in the Americas, also greatly enlarged its debt • Not satisfied with the Colonies financial and military support • Set in motion a plan to “reorganize” authority in colonies- give London more control

16. Pontiac’s Rebellion • Native Americans feared that British settlers crossing the Appalachian Mountains would drive away game • 1763- Ottowa leader Pontiac led a Native American revolt and captured 8 British forts in ORV • British retaliated by giving out “smallpox blankets” to weaken the Natives and take advantage of them in treaties • British Pass the Proclamation of 1763- Banned settlement in App. Mountains

17. Happy Monday! • Turn in your perspectives worksheet to the box on my desk • Look over your notes from last class we will have a short quiz

18. Daily Quiz #1 The French and Indian War was fought over which piece of land? Which Native American tribe did the English Colonies ally with? The English won the war at which battle in Canada? Why did Franklin draw this image? Where did The Proclamation of 1763 restrict colonist from settling?

19. American Revolution Road to Revolution

20. Proclamation of 1763 What happened: British banned settlement west of the Appalachian Mountains Why: British wanted to avoid confrontation with Native American after French and Indian War So What: British colonist resented being told the could not settle in land they had just fought for and they largely ignored the law.

22. Sugar Act- 1764 What happened: British imposed a tax on importing sugar-based products—molasses being the main thing taxed Why: restrict trade between NE and Mid-Atlantic colonies with French, Dutch and Spanish in the West Indies So What: colonists began to smuggle in goods and those accused of smuggling would go to court without a jury trial and almost always found guilty

24. Quartering Act (1765) What Happened: colonist were forced to house and feed British troops Why: British show of force. Could “protect boarders” and help collect taxes So What: colonists responded in protest. England then suspended those colonial government that protested the act by not supplying food or housing to soldiers.

26. Stamp Act 1765 • What happened: puts a tax on most printed documents including wills, newspapers, playing cards, marriage licenses • Why: British passed it to collect money from the colonies to pay off war debts from the F/I War • So What: Colonists boycotted paper goods and formed the Stamp Act Congress- created a petition that demanded the repeal of Stamp Act • “no taxation without representation”

27. Stamp Act continued • Key people: • Samuel Adams and the “Sons of Liberty” • Led most of the protests against taxes and boycotts against British taxed goods

29. Declaratory Acts 1766 What happened: Passed when Stamp Act was repealed. Designed to affirm that Parliament’s authority was the same in America as in Britain- can pass laws in the colonies. Why: to maintain authority over the colonies So What: largely ignored by colonists too busy celebrating the repeal of Stamp Act. Some were outraged because it indicated that more acts were coming

31. Townshend Acts -1767 What Happened: British set up a system to enforce and collect taxes at the sea ports- lead, glass, paint, tea, paper Why: Collect taxes and also to allow British to search for illegal goods So What: colonists boycotted goods, British troops were sent to help enforce the laws, Colonists held public protests- some became violent

33. Boston Massacre- 1770 What Happened: not clear who fired first but incident led to 5 civilians killed at the hands of British soldiers Why: Colonists were angry with the British soldiers who were in Boston because of the anti-tax protests So What: Paul Revere’s picture of the event stirs colonists anger against Britain. Taxes lowered and some soldiers removed- things calmed down for a bit

34. Boston Massacre continued • Important people: • Crispus Attucks- African American colonist who was killed • Paul Revere: illustrated the famous picture- worked with Sam Adams to spread the story and get colonists mad at British

36. Tea Act- 1773 What happened: British passed a law forcing the colonists to only buy tea from the British East India Company Why: Company was struggling to survive So What: BEIC could sell directly to the colonists-enraged colonial merchant because it undercut their business

37. Boston Tea Party 1773 What happened: colonists refused to unload the British tea from ships in the harbor, British say they must. Sons of Liberty dress up as Native Americans and dumped all the British tea into the Boston Harbor Why: protest the Tea Act So What: Britain got REALLY REALLY REALLY mad and passed the Coercive Acts

38. Boston Tea Party Continues • Key People: • Samuel Adams and the Sons of Liberty led to demonstration

40. Coercive acts (Intolerable Acts)- • What happened: Britain passed a series of laws: • Makes colonist pay for tea that was lost • Closed to port of Boston • Closed to colonial assembly • Martial law- strengthened Quartering Act • Why: to PUNISH Boston for the BTP

41. Intolerable Acts continued • So What: • other colonies began to help the people of Boston • Organized protest to Acts all over- “if it can happen in Boston, it could happen to my colony” • Committee of Correspondence established colonial unity • First Continental Congress meets

43. First Continental Congress • What happened: Colonists from 12/13 colonies meet to support the protests in Massachusetts and organize boycotts and protests across the colonies. • They send a letter to Parliament with their complaints (grievances) and Parliament ignores them • Why: in response to Intolerable Acts and to begin to communicate and work together

44. FCC continued • So What: this is the FIRST time the colonies had met together as a group to coordinate action. The delegates risk arrest to attend, people in the colonies begin to form militias and prepare to defend themselves • Key people: John Adams, Patrick Henry (“Give me liberty or give me death!”), George Washington

46. Lexington and Concord What happened: British troops marched to Lexington and Concord (towns near Boston) and are surprised by the militia (Minutemen) and fight a small battle-forced to retreat Why: Goal was to arrest Sam Adams and John Hancock (leaders of the SOL) and to take the militia’s weapons So What: “Shot heard ‘round the world”-start of the Revolution

48. Second Continental Congress What Happened: colonial leader met again, sent Olive Branch Petition to King George- he ignored it. They formed the Continental Army and put Washington in charge Why: plan for war after Lex. and Con. So what: agreed on the Declaration of Independence and wrote the Articles of Confederation (1st constitution)

49. People Patrick Henry: Governor of VA, strong supporter of Revolution “Give me liberty or give me death!”- to get support for revolution Sam Adams: Founded the Sons of Liberty, a secret resistance group consisting of shopkeepers, artisans, and laborers John Adams: came up with a plan at the 2nd Continental Congress that each colony set up its own gov’t and that Congress declare the colonies Independent

50. People Ben Franklin: American Enlightenment thinker, big supporter of Independence, one of the men appointed to negotiate a treaty after the war (Treaty of Paris 1783) Thomas Paine: writer of Common Sense, a pamphlet that circulated around the colonies attacking King George III and demanding indep. Thomas Jefferson: Writer of the Dec. of Indep. which declared that all men had the right to “life, liberty, and the pursuit of happiness”