Jim Cardwell Low carbon networks fund conference Cardiff 26 October 2012

1. Jim Cardwell Low carbon networks fund conference Cardiff 26 October 2012

2. How may network technology and customer-side participation enable connection of low-carbon technologies at least cost? • Learning Outcome 1 (LO1) - Monitoring:What are current, emerging and possible future customer (load and generation) characteristics? • Learning Outcome 2 (LO2) – Customer flexibility: To what extent are customers flexible in their load and generation, and what is the cost of this flexibility? • Learning Outcome 3 (LO3) – Network flexibility: To what extent is the network flexible and what is the cost of this flexibility? • Learning Outcome 4 (LO4) – Optimum solutions: What are the optimum solutions to resolve network constraints driven by the transition to a low-carbon economy? • Learning Outcome 5 (LO5) – Effective delivery: What are the most effective means to deliver optimal solutions between customer, supplier and distributor?

3. Learning delivered is highly replicable across GB • Heat pump cluster • Focussed integrated network technology on rural and urban network: • Enhanced automatic voltage control • Real-time thermal rating • Electrical energy storage National smart meter data offers baseline electricity profiles • Analysis of new loads and generation • Active customer participation to minimise electricity costs through flexibility • PV generation cluster

4. Project on track to deliver the learning with key milestones achieved Customer trials • Over 13k customers already participating in monitoring and over 1k for active participation (majority on static time of use tariff) • Completed analysis of data for ca. 5k smart meters and ca. 150 in-depth social interviews Network technology • Installation well advanced, initial results from 20 validated models and operation of real-time thermal rating – remaining installation and commissioning by end 2012 • Control system integrating the network technology and linking to customer participation due for completion in Q1 2013 – factory acceptance testing this week Outputs • Foundation work completed for engineering policies and planning/design tool • Load and generation profiles published by end 2012 with more by April 2013 • Majority of outputs in 2013 - updated learning for heat pumps and electric vehicles in 2014

5. Customer trials cover a range of interventions and customer types

6. Customer enrolment has produced interesting insights… • High appetite for involvement from British Gas domestic customers - with ca. 10% take-up rates • Motive to participateis cutting bills - rather than saving the planet • Domestic time of use tariff particularly attractive - with ca. 700 customers taking part; restricted hours and direct control tariffs are a tougher sell • Electrically-heated water not suitable for further demand response - customers already on cheap night-rate tariffs or hot water tanks replaced by combiboilers • SME time of use tariff also attractive- but restricted hours and direct control tariffs are proving to be a tough sell • I&C demand side responseproved effective - 75% success rate; to be extended this winter and integrated in to the trial’s control system 70+ customer engagement documents I&C demand side response with commercial aggregators

7. … and the Durham University social learning is coming thick and fast • Domestic transitions characterise about a third of those interviewed – include household change, compaction and multiple living arrangements • Active energy management is present in many households - often based on ‘know how’ and domestic calculations rather than formal knowledge • Shadows of technologies past shape people’s energy practices today - new technologies are used with a physical or psychological ‘memory’ of the old systems • Energy load curve is driven by habitual routines and daily rhythms – children have particularly fixed routines and mealtimes restrict flexibility • Energy peaks relate to coming into/leaving households – e.g. showers, putting the kettle on, meals SME diversity Domestic energy behaviours

8. www.networkrevolution.co.uk

9. Durham Energy InstituteCustomer-Led Network RevolutionProfessor Phil Taylor

10. Data Analysis • 14,000 I&C customers, ½ hrly 2 years • 5,000 residential customers, ½ hrly 1 year • 9,000 target • 1,700 SME , ½ hrly 1 year • 2,250 target • Plus network monitoring LV, RTTR … • Test Cell 1 data alone is comparable to the size of the Irish Trials, we have 20 test cells

11. Smart Meter Data (5,000 customers)

12. Weather Dependence

13. Weather Dependence

14. Urban Customers

15. Rural On Gas

16. Trial Analysis VE3G: post-trial simulation & emulation

17. Laboratory Simulation and Emulation

18. Denwick, Northumberland Cost Optimised DSR Voltage Control Technical plus Social plus Economic Network Flex plus Customer Flex Validated Network Model Real Smart Meter Data Accurate Social Variables Real DSR Trial Results Real Costs

19. Domestic profiles in combination with ASHP and EV load and their associated DSR contributions

21. DSR Costs Voltage-Cost Sensitivity Factors For Critical Nodes (pu/£)

22. Excursion II Excursion III Excursion I

23. Daily voltage profiles of HV and LV feeders with application of control strategy

24. 800 miles in a car with a 60 mile range?Meet the intrepid drivers at the CLNR stand at lunchtime: Sergio Roldán & Giannis SarriagiannisDon’t forget to ask them about the turtle! Read all about it and check out the photos and videos: Blog: http://experiencedurhamev.blogspot.co.uk Twitter: @DurhamUEV Facebook: Durham University Electric Vehicle

25. www.networkrevolution.co.uk